• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 1965

Nine cases of puppies infected with acute canine distemper were investigated and the pathological findings are as follows. 1. Fibrinous-necrotic lobar pneumonia. 2. Focal hemorrhagic necrosis of liver, kidney and lymph follicles. 3. Hemorrhages in other tissues.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2019

Renal cortical necrosis (RCN) is patchy or diffuse ischemic destruction of the renal cortex caused by significantly reduced renal arterial perfusion. It is a rare cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) and is associated with high mortality. Here, we review the case of RCN in a 15-year-old boy who developed AKI. A 15-year-old boy was referred to our hospital from a local hospital due to a sharp decrease in his renal function. He presented with acute flank pain, nausea with vomiting, and oliguria for the past two days. He had taken a single dose of antihistamine for nasal congestion. At our hospital, his peak blood pressure was 148/83 mmHg and he had a high body mass index of $32.9kg/m^2$. The laboratory data showed a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 28.4 mg/dL, a creatinine of 4.26 mg/dL, and a glomerular filtration rate estimated from the serum cystatin C of $20.2mL/min/1.73m^2$. Proteinuria (spot urine protein to creatinine ratio 1.66) with pyuria was observed. Kidney sonography showed parenchymal swelling and increased renal echogenicity. Due to rapidly progressing nephritis, steroid pulse therapy (750 mg/IV) was done on the second day of his admission and the patient showed complete recovery with normal renal function. However, the kidney biopsy findings revealed renal cortical hemorrhagic necrosis. Multifocal, relatively well-circumscribed, hemorrhagic necrotic areas (about 25%) were detected in the tubulointerstitium. Although RCN is an unusual cause of AKI, especially in children, pediatricians should consider the possibility of RCN when evaluating patients with rapidly decreasing renal function.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.177-180
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• 2004

Lower motor neuron signs of hind limbs, anus and bladder were identified by history taking and physical examination in the 6.8 year-old mongrel dog and 2.6 year-old Cocker spaniel. The Cocker spaniel, also showed gradual cranial migration of neurologic deficit including respiratory paralysis. On plain radiography and myelography, intervertebral disc extrusion between L2 and L3, the infiltration of contrast medium into the spinal cord and cord swelling were found in the mongrel dog, and infiltration of contrast medium like hollowness of cord parenchyma was observed in the Cocker spaniel. On the basis of clinical signs and radiographic findings, they were diagnosed tentatively as acute myelomalacia. The Cocker spaniel died of respiratory paralysis on the following day. Decompressive surgery was performed on the mongrel dog and the extensive necrosis and hemorrhage were found at surgery. It was euthanized with the owner's consent because of the perceived poor prognosis. Histopathologic examination after autopsy confirmed acute diffuse hemorrhagic myelomalacia with the swelling and the inflammation of axon, showing hemorrhagic changes in the white matter and the grey matter.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 1967

$^{131}I$-labeled-O-iodohippurate renograms in 15 cases of epidemic hemorrhagic fever(E.H. fever)during oliguric, diuretic and convalescent phase were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively, namely by its configuration, Tmax T 1/2 and renal index of Hirakawa. The results were as following: 1) Changes on the renograms in E.H. fever showed simultaneous bilateral renal impairment. 2) The characteristic configurations of renogram in the oliguric phase were: (1) Moderately decreased absolute amplitude of initial spike. (2) Continous rising second slope. (3) No appearance of terminal descent. Those were mast likely to those of renograms in acute ureteral obstruction or acute dehydration state. 3) During the diuretic phase, the renogram showed the point of maximal amplitude, but the steepness of 2nd slope was markedly decreased. The appearance of terminal descents was observed with unusually high amplitude despite of the tremendously large amount of urinary output during this phase. 4) In convalescence, the renograms were essentially normal in configuration, but the renal index of Hirakawa was not recovered until this phase. 5) Renograms in E.H. fever showed the characteristic patterns in each phase of its clinical course. 6) $^{131}I$-OIH-Renogram might be an useful method for the evaluation of renal function in E.H. fever during its course.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.247-250
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• 2007

A 3-year-old, intact female English cocker spaniel dog was evaluated for an acute onset of tetraplegia. Utilizing magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the cause of the neurologic deficits was determined to be an peracute hemorrhage of spinal cord. The MR study additionally demonstrated parenchymal hyperintensity on T2weighted images and similarly located hypointensity on T1weighted images. Hemorrhagic myelomalcia was suspected based on these MR characteristics, which was subsequently confirmed histopathologically.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.999-1006
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report the improvement of symptoms by Korean medicine in acute hemorrhagic infarction. Method: The patient was diagnosed with a cerebral infarction of the right temporal lobe accompanied by cerebral hemorrhage of the left basal ganglia. He did not receive intravenous thrombolytic treatment. Sunghyangjungi-san-gamibang was initially administered, and Gami-daebo-tang was administered during the recovery phase, together with Uhwangchungsim-won, Simjeok-hwan, and acupuncture. The prognostic observation was conducted using the manual muscle test (MMT), the Korean version of the modified Bathel index (K-MBI), and subjective assessment. Results: After Korean medicine treatment, the K-MBI score was improved from 52 to 93. The MMT score and subjective assessment also showed improvement. Conclusions: For patients who cannot be treated with intravenous thrombolytic treatment, Korean medicine treatment is effective during the early and recovery stages of stroke.

• Kidney Research and Clinical Practice
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.366-372
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• 2018

Background: An inactivated Hantaan virus vaccine (iHV) has been broadly used as a preventive strategy for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) by the South Korean Army. After the vaccination program was initiated, the overall incidence of HFRS cases was reduced in the military population. While there are about 400 HFRS cases annually, few studies have demonstrated the efficacy of the iHV in field settings. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the iHV efficacy on HFRS severity. Methods: From 2009 to 2017, HFRS cases were collected in South Korean Army hospitals along with patients' vaccination history. HFRS patients were classified retrospectively into two groups according to vaccination records: no history of iHV vaccination and valid vaccination. Vaccine efficacy on the severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) stage and dialysis events were investigated. Results: The effects of the iHV on renal injury severity in between 18 valid vaccinated and 110 non-vaccinated patients were respectively evaluated. In the valid vaccination group, six of the 18 HFRS patients (33.3%) had stage 3 AKI, compared to 60 of the 110 (54.5%) patients in the non-vaccination group. The iHV efficacy against disease progression ($VE_p$) was 58.1% (95% confidence interval, 31.3% to 88.0%). Conclusion: The iHV efficacy against the progression of HFRS failed to demonstrate statistically significant protection. However, different severity profiles were observed between the iHV and non-vaccination groups. Additional studies with larger populations are needed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the iHV in patients with HFRS.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.522-531
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• 2003

Background : Hemorrhagic shock and trauma are two of the most common causes of acute lung injury. The activation of cyclooxygenase is one of the important causes of acute lung injury. This study investigated the effect of aspirin, a well-known cyclooxygenase inhibitor, on severe hemorrhage-induced acute lung injury in rats. Methods : The hemorrhagic shock was induced by withdrawing blood; 20ml/kg of B.W., through the femoral artery in 5 min. The mean arterial pressure was recorded through the femoral artery on a polygraph. Results : In the present investigation, the lung tissue myeloperoxidase activity, protein contents and leukocyte counts, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, increased significantly 2 and 24 h after the hemorrhage induction. Although the decreased mean arterial pressure spontaneously recovered, acute lung injury occurred after severe hemorrhage. These changes were effectively prevented by a single intravenous injection of aspirin (10 mg/kg of B.W.) 30 min before the hemorrhage. Conclusion : These results suggest that severe hemorrhage-induced acute lung injury is mediated, in part, by the activation of cyclooxygenase. Furthermore, pretreatment of aspirin in acute lung injury-prone patients, or prophylactic treatment of aspirin to the patients with precipitating conditions, could be helpful in the prevention of acute lung injury.

• 재활복지
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.247-259
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• 2017

We investigated the improvement of cognitive functions, activity of daily living (ADL), and quality of life (QoL) after hemorrhagic stroke and identified associated factors. For this research, twenty-five patients with a hemorrhagic stroke were enrolled. We measured cognitive function, activity of daily living (ADL), and quality of life (QoL) from 7 days to 12 months after onset of stroke. Then we analyzed the correlation between cognitive function and other risk factors. According to results, cognitive functions improved during 12 months with statistically significant differences. Other functions were similar to cognitive functions. Improvement of cognitive functions were correlated with age, the type of hemorrhagic stroke and Glasgow coma scale at 7 days after stroke. Overall, cognitive function in patients with hemorrhagic stroke recovered from acute to 12 months after onset of stroke. And, improvement of cognitive function at this phase were associated with age, the type of hemorrhagic stroke and GCS score at 7 days. These results would provide us an information to plan cognitive rehabilitation in patients with hemorrhagic stroke.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.152-155
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• 2001

A two-year-old male peacock (Pavo cristatus) showed acute watery green diarrhea, followed by neurological signs including torticollis and muscular tremor. By the hemagglutination inhibition test for detecting the antibody against the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the peacock serum inhibited the agglutination of chicken red blood cells. Grossly distinctive hemorrhagic lesions were found in the mucosa of proventiculus and intestine and lung. The spleen revealed multiple variable sized necrotic foci. Histologically, the mucosa of gastrointestinal track had hemorrhagic lesions and some of them underwent ulceration. The spleen exhibited multiple variable sized necrotic foci in which fibrin exudation was marked. Central nervous system had mild non-suppulative menin-goencephalitis consisting of vasculitis, perivascular hemorrhage, gliosis and meningitis. The cells particularly in the cerebellum were degenerative to necrotic. Some of these nerve cells revealed characteristic peripheral chromatolysis. From the present serological and pathological findings, it is suggested that NDV causing death of peacock was velogenic viscerotropic strain. This is the first report of the occurrence of velogenic viscerotropic NDV in an adult peacock in Korea.