• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2005

Recently, polymer insulators that are used for high voltage applications have some advantages such as light weight, small size, vandalism resistance, hydrophobicity and easy making process. During outdoor service of polymer insulators, the surface of the insulating material is frequently subjected to moisture and contamination that lead to dry band arcing. Their tracking resistance, erosion resistance, end sealing and shed design are very important because dry band arcing causes degradation of polymer surface. Aging test to estimate life property of polymer insulator is executed through several international standard such as IEC 61109 and CEA tracking wheel test, but is not getting clear conclusion yet. There are two methods in the diagnosis method of polymer insulator such as off-line and on-line. The diagnosis methods in off-line are external condition analysis by the eye, contaminant analysis on surface, surface analysis, pollution withstand voltage test, power frequency flashover voltage test, lightning impulse flashover test, tensile fracture load test and flexural load test. Polymer material is also investigated it's tracking resistance by adding surface active agent in IEC 587. In this paper, the tracking performance of polymer insulator with salt solution which is added surface active agent. The diagnosis of insulator sample has been analyzed by leakage current and visual examination, STRI guide and thermal image camera.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.792-801
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• 1997

본 논문에서는 전역 변형을 갖는 활성 곡면을 사용하여 잡음으로 오염된 데이터를 곡면으로 적합하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이것은 2차원 곡선 모델에서 이전에 연구 [11,12]된 알고리즘의 3차원 곡면으로의 확정이다. 제안된 방법에서는 유한 차분을 사용하며, 각 노드점에서 주위의 외부힘을 사용하여 부분적으로 수축 또는 팽챙을 허용하는 balloon 모델[2,3]에 기반으로 진행하는 동안 곡면의 모양을 전역 변형 후의 곡면으로의 전역 변환이 결정적 최소 자승법에 의하여 계산되고, 마지막으로 전역 변환을 변형 전의 곡면에 적용한다. 실험에서 아핀변형을 갖는 활성 곡면을 사용하여 잡음으로 오염된 데이터를 곡면(타원체, B스플라인)으로 적합하였다.

• Carbon letters
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.152-161
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• 2011

Activated carbon was prepared from pre-carbonized petroleum coke. Textural properties were determined from studies of the adsorption of nitrogen at 77 K and the surface chemistry was obtained using the Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer technique and the Boehm titration process. The adsorption of three aromatic compounds, namely phenol (P), p-nitrophenol (PNP) and benzoic acid (BA) onto APC in aqueous solution was studied in a batch system with respect to contact time, pH, initial concentration of solutes and temperature. Active carbon APC obtained was found to possess a high surface area and a predominantly microporous structure; it also had an acidic surface character. The experimental data fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well; also, the intraparticle diffusion was the only controlling process in determining the adsorption of the three pollutants investigated. The adsorption data fit well with the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The uptake of the three pollutants was found to be strongly dependent on the pH value and the temperature of the solution. Most of the experiments were conducted at pH 7; the $pH_{(PZC)}$ of the active carbon under study was 5.0; the surface of the active carbon was negatively charged. The thermodynamic parameters evaluated for APC revealed that the adsorption of P was spontaneous and exothermic in nature, while PNP and BA showed no-spontaneity of the adsorption process and that process was endothermic in nature.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.295-295
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• 2013

Supercapacitors with higher energy and power density are attracting growing attention for their wide range of potential applications such as portable electronic equipments, hybrid vehicle and cellular devices. In various classes of materials for supercapacitors, the redox pseudocapacitive materials such as conducting polymers and metal oxides have been most widely studied recently. The nanostructuring of the electrode surface has also been focused on since it can provide large surface area and consequently easy diffusion of ions in the capacitors. Among the active materials, in this work, we have used polyaniline (PANi) and manganese oxide ($MnO_2$). PANi is one of the promising electrode and active materials due to its desirable properties such as high electrochemical activity, high doping level and stability. $MnO_2$ is also widely studied material for supercapacitors since it is relatively cheap and environmentally friendly. In this work, we fabricated PANi hollow nanospheres by polymerizing aniline monomers on the polystyrene (PS) nanospheres and then dissolving the inner PS spheres. This nanostructuring of the PANi surface can provide large surface area and hence easy diffusion of electrolyte ions. We also incorporated $MnO_2$ nanoparticles into the PANi hollow nanospheres and investigated its electrochemical properties. It is expected that the combination of these two active materials with slightly different working potential windows show synergetic effects such as broader working potential range and enhanced specific capacitance.

• 센서학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.236-239
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• 2019

In this work, we performed an optical simulation study on the performance of a PMDPP3T:PCBM based on an organic photovoltaic (PV) device. The virtual PV device was developed in Lumerical, finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) solutions. Different layers of the PV cell have been defined through the incorporation of complex refractive index value of those layers' constituent materials. During the simulation study, the effect of the variation active layer thickness on an ideal short circuit current density ($J_{sc,ideal}$) of the PV cell has been, first, observed. Thereafter, we have investigated the impact of surface roughness of a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) electrode on $J_{sc,ideal}$ of the PV cells. From this simulation, it has been observed that the $J_{sc,ideal}$ value of the PV cell is strongly dependent on the thickness of its active layer and the photon absorption of the PV cell has gradually decreased with the increment of the TCO's surface roughness. As a result, the capability of the PV device has been reduced with the increment of the surface roughness of the TCO.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표대회 발표논문집
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• pp.452-454
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• 2002

A biosurfactant-producing microorganism, .Pseudomouos sp. EL-G527 was isolated from activated sludge by enrichment culture when grown on mineral salt medium containing n-hexadecane as a carbon source. The biosurfactant from .Pseudomonar sp. EL-G527 exhibited lesser toxicity to bacterial population than synthetic surfactants and in the biodegradation test, biosurfactant was rapidly degraded and lost its activity as surface active material after 1 day incubation. In this study, the biosurfactant from Pseudomonas sp. EL-G527 was effective surface-active compound, more biodegradable and less toxic to microbial ecosystem than various synthetic surfactants.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.294-300
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• 1993

표면광 마이크로 레잊, heterojunction phototransistor 그리고 저항을 단일 결정으로 성장시켜 집적시킨 NOR와 INVERTER 능동형 광 논리 소자에 대한 동작 특성을 조사하였다. 능동형 광 놀리 소자를 구성하는 개개 소자 중에서, 780 nm에서 발진하는 특정한 AlGaAs 초격자 마이크로 레이저의 미분 양자 효율은 15%로 나타났고, heterojunction phototransistor의 전류 이득은 에미터-컬렉터 전압이 4V이고, 입력 광의 세기가 $50{\mu}W$일 때 57으로 측정되었다. 직렬 저항이 370 ohm인 광 논리 소자의 출력은 입력광세기사 $47{\mu}W$일 때 $57{\mu}W$에서 $0{\mu}W$으로 감소하였다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2014

Permafrost is frozen soil below $0^{\circ}C$ for two or more years. Surface of permafrost is called as active layer that seasonally thaws during the summer. Although the thawing of permafrost may deepen the active layer and consequently increase the microbial activity, the microbial community structure in this habitat has not yet been well described. In this study, we presented bacterial and archaeal diversity in the active layer soil from Resolute, Canada using pyrosequencing analysis. The soil sample was collected from the surface of the marsh covered with moss and Carex. A total of 7,796 bacterial reads for 40 phyla and 245 archaeal reads for 4 phyla were collected, reflecting the high diversity of bacteria. Predominant bacterial groups were Proteobacteria (37.7%) and Bacteroidetes (30.0%) in this study. Major groups in Archaea were Euryarchaeota (51.4%) and Thaumarchaeota (46.1%). Both methane producing archaea and consuming bacteria were detected in this study. Although it might be difficult to characterize microbial community with only one sample, it could be used for the basis of assessing the relative importance of the specific groups with a high resolution on the bacterial and archaeal community in this habitat.

• 소음진동
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.435-440
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• 1998

The main objective of this study is to estimate location and strength of sound sources distributed on the surface of an enclosure. Acoustic holography method has been used to identify the sources in an interior sound field. However, it can not completely distinguish between the direct sound field from sources and the reflections from surfaces. The method just reconstructs the entire sound field based on the sound pressure at the finite number of measurement points. In this stduy, a method which estimates only the active sources by using measurements of field pressure and surface admittance is proposed. An in-situ technique to estimate the general boundary condition is also proposed by using acoustic holography, assuming the surfaces are locally reacting.

• 멤브레인
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.28-40
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• 2002

본 연구는 복합 박막 활성층의전기적/분자 구조적인 특성이 오염성에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 조사하였다. 복합 박막 형태의 폴리아미드계 역삼투 분리막에 대한 오염 거동 현상을 이해하는데 있어 표면 구조와 표면 전하의 연구는 매우 효과적이다. AFM 전자현미경을 이용한 표면 구조 분석과 EKA 전위차 측정기를 통한 표면 전하의 분석 결과는 역삼투 분리막의 오염에 영향을 미치는 중요한 인자를 보여주고 있다. 복합막의 활성층이 중성에 가까울수록, 조도 차가 작을수록 역삼투막의 유량 감소 속도는 줄어든다.