• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.50-59
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• 2003

BMB-CF has been constituted of purified fractions of Scutellaria baicalensis, which has medicinal effect such as anti-microbial. anti-inflammation. fever remedy. anti-oxidation. and anti-aging effect etc.. It has been used in traditional medicine formula from long time ago in the east Asia. It is constituted of the active flavone ingredients such as baicalin. baicalein. DTF(Di-methyl Tetra -hydroxy Flavone), wogonin. wogonoside. $\beta$- Sitosterol. etc.. General purified fractions of Scutellaria baicalensis has the high portion of the baicalin which has the problem of narrow antimicrobial spectrum and compatibility against cosmetic formula. Now. we has been develop the new purificaton process of Scutellaria baicalensis that has the high rate of DTF content, which is improved in antimicrobial activity and cosmetics compatibility. So. we have assure that it is the potent preservative against various cosmetic formula.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.133-146
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• 2004

Recently, many active queue management (AQM) algorithms have been proposed to address the performance degradation. of end-to-end congestion control under tail-drop (TD) queue management at Internet routers. However, these AQM algorithms show performance improvement only for limited network environments, and are insensitive to dynamically changing network situations. In this paper, we propose an adaptive queue management algorithm, called PID-controller, that uses proportional-integral-derivative (PID) feedback control to remedy these weak-Dalles of existing AQM proposals. The PID-controller is able to detect and control congestion adaptively and proactively to dynamically changing network environments using incipient as well as current congestion indications. A simulation study over a wide range of IP traffic conditions shows that PID-controller outperforms other AQM algorithms such as Random Early Detection (RED) [3] and Proportional-Integral (PI) controller [9] in terms of queue length dynamics, packet loss rates, and link utilization.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권6A호
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• pp.910-917
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• 2000

Because the random early detection(RED) algorithm deals all flows with the same best-effort traffic characteristic, it can not correctly control the output link bandwidth for the flows with different traffic characteristics. To remedy this problem, several per-flow algorithms have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a new per-flow type Fair Droptail algorithm which can fairly allocate bandwidth among flows over a shared output link. By evenly allocating buffers per flow, the Fair Droptail can restrict a flow not to use more bandwidth than others. In addition, it can be simply implemented even if it employs the per-flow state mechanism, because the Fair Droptail only keeps each information of flow in active state.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2014

The fruit of Gleditsia sinensis has been extensively used as a key ingredient of an herbal remedy for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases in traditional Korean Medicine. However, the reason of using the fruit of G. sinensis for the remedy is unclear. Since Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is a key anti-inflammatory transcription factor, which is activated by the fruit of G. sinesis, we examined whether other plant parts of G. sinensis are also capable of suppressing inflammatory responses by activating Nrf2. Water extracts of various parts of G. sinensis were prepared and tested for Nrf2 activation by reporter assay and western blot analysis. Our results show that the hull of G. sinensis is the most potent in activating Nrf2. Sequential organic solvent extraction of the hull show that all the fractions had a higher potency in activating Nrf2 than the water extract, albeit differential degrees. The hull originated from Korea in general activated Nrf2 strongly compared to that of China. Chloroform fraction of the hull was further examined, showing that the fraction induced nuclear localization of Nrf2, indicative of activated Nrf2, and Nrf2-dependent gene expression including NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO-1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), and heme oxygenase - 1 (HO-1). Therefore, our results show that, among other plant parts examined in this study, the hull of G. sinensis is the most potent, providing the experimental basis for the use of the hull of G. sinensis as an active ingredient for an anti-inflammatory remedy.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권2B호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2006

일반적인 IEEE 802.15.3 WPAN에서는 피코넷을 관리하던 PicoNet Coordinator(PNC)가 비정상적으로 망을 떠나게 되거나, 두 개 이상의 피코넷들이 인접해 있을 때 각 PNC로부터 주기적으로 송신되는 비컨 프레임들 사이에 충돌이 발생하게 되면, 각 피코넷에 속한 단말들이 해당 비컨 프레임을 수신하지 못하게 되면서 피코렛의 동작이 와해되는 심각한 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여, 다음과 같은 두 가지의 방안을 제안하였다. 첫 번째는 PNC의 비정상적인 이탈에 대비하기 위해서 각 단말들이 능동적으로 프로브 프레임을 전송하여 해당 PNC의 동작여부를 확인하도록 함으로써 신속히 새로운 PNC를 선출하는 능동적 PNC 핸드오버 방법인 Active Seamless Coordinator Switching(ASCS) 방식이다. 두 번째는 밀집된 피코넷들의 각 PNC가 주기적으로 전송하는 비컨 프레임간의 충돌을 방지하기 위한 것으로써, 각 PNC들이 해당 피코넷의 수퍼프레임 정보를 수납한 Heart Beat(HB) 프레임을 비 주기적으로 전송하여 PNC의 비컨 프레임 송신시점을 조정하도록 함으로써 비컨 프레임간의 충돌을 방지하는 PNC Heart Beat 기반의 비컨 프레임 정렬(PNC HB based Beacon Alignment) 방식이다. 제안된 두 가지 방안에 대하여 모의실험을 통해 성능을 평가한 결과, 각 방식들은 유사한 기존 방식에 비해 피코넷의 와해기간을 단축시킬 수 있어, 각 단말이 겪는 프레임당 평균 지연시간과 수퍼프레임 별 전송효율이 향상됨을 확인하였다. 특히, 제안된 방식은 WPAN규격에서 허용되는 프레임들을 활용할 수 있으므로, 구현성이 높은 장점이 있다.

• 약학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2006

Roots of Scutellaria baicalensis have been used for fever remedy; diuresis, antiphlogistic. For the investigation of the active component from aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, MeOH extracts from aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis were suspended with $H_2O$, and partitioned by $CHCl_3$. In order to investigate the efficacy of antioxidative activity the activity guided fraction and isolation of physiologically active substance were peformed. Its $H_2O,\;30\%,\;60\%$ MeOH and MeOH fractions were examined on antioxidative activity using DPPH method and TBARS assay; It was revealed that $30\%\;and\;60\%$ MeOH fractions have significant anti-oxidative activity. its fractions testing type I allergy, compound 48/80 induced systemic anaphylaxis was applied. As a result, compared with reference (cromolygate), these fraction significantly inhibited systemic anaphylaxis by $71\%\;and\;57\%$, respectively. From $30\%,\;60\%$ MeOH fraction, five compounds were isolated and elucidated apigenin 6-C-${\alpha}$-L-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (isoschaftside, I), scutellarein 7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucuronopyranoside (scutellarin, II), apigenin 7-O- ${\beta}$-D-glucuronopyranoside (III), isoscutellarein 8-O-${\beta}$-D-glucuronopyranoside (IV), kaempferol 3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (V) through their physicochemical data and spectroscopic methods. We measured radical scavenging activity with DPPH method and anti-lipid peroxidative efficacy on human LDL with TBARS assay. [$I] showed antioxidant activities in order. Type I allergy compound 48/80 induced systemic anaphylaxis was applied. $[V inhibited systemic anaphylaxis in order.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.271-275
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• 2007

Naturally occurring substances are important biomedical resources with low toxicity and ethnopharmacology-based efficacy. Four out of 45 extracts (Celastrus orbiculatus, Cercis chinensis, Stephanadra incisa, and Weigela subsessilis) prepared from the bark of Korea Forest plants exhibited more than 50% of inhibition on $TNF-{\alpha}$ production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells at $100\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. In particular, potential inhibitory components of 4 extracts showed more than 50% inhibition seemed to be concentrated in methylene chloride (MC) fraction from C. orbiculatus, in ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction from C. chinensis and in hexane (Hx) fraction from S. incisa, whereas inhibitory activities of W. subssilis were broadly seen in non-polar solvent fractions such as Hx, MC and EtOAc. Therefore, our results suggest that extracts from C. orbiculatus, C. chinensis, S. incisa and W. subsessilis may be developed as a therapeutic remedy against $TNF-{\alpha}-mediated$ diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or further fractionated to isolate active components having $antiTNF-{\alpha}$ inhibitory activity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.757-763
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• 2006

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have generally been very useful to remedy or prevent hypertension. This study describes the extraction and characterization of an ACE inhibitor from the fruiting body of Pholiota adiposa ASI 24012, which can be used as an antihypertensive drug. The maximal ACE inhibitory activity $(IC_{50};0.25mg)$ was obtained when the fruiting body of Pholiota adiposa ASI 24012 was extracted with distilled water at $30^{\circ}C$ for 12 h. After the purification of ACE inhibitor with ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-25 column chromatography, and reverse-phase HPLC, an active fraction with an $IC_{50}$ of 0.044 mg was obtained. The purified ACE inhibitory peptide was a novel pentapeptide, showing very little similarity to other ACE inhibitory peptide sequences. The molecular mass of the purified ACE inhibitor was estimated to be 414 daltons with a sequence of Gly-Glu-Gly-Gly-Pro, and showed a clear antihypertensive effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at a dosage of 1 mg/kg.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.215-219
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• 1996

Active component was sought among three herb medicines, which are used in combination as a traditional medicine prescribed for patients with hyperlipidemia related diseases. Antihyperlipidemic effect of this remedy has previously been shown model by the authors on the animal model. Hyperlipidemia was induced on male Wistar rats by keeping them on high lipid diet for one week, as previously described by the authors. Blood lipid profile was verified on these rats by measuring total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Then, the diet was changed to normal. At the same time, methanol extracts of Scutellaris baicalensis Georg.(radix), Coptidis japonica Makino(rhizoma) or Rhei koreanum Nakai(rhizoma) were given on daily basis, and changes in the blood lipid profile were monitored for 4 weeks. Methanol extract of Scutellaris baicalensis Georg. significantly reduced the TC value, implying the in vivo antihyperlipidemic effect.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

Ginseng root has been used as a tonic remedy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for centuries. Modern studies have demonstrated that ginseng root has complex components and multiple pharmacological properties. The effects of ginseng leaf, however, are not well known. Recent studies show that compared to ginseng root, ginseng leaf and stem exhibit a higher content of active compositions such as ginsenosides, polysaccharides, triterpene flavonoids, volatile oil, polyacetylenic alcohols, peptides, amino acids and fatty acids. Ginseng leaf possesses multiple pharmacological effects in the central nervous, cardiovascular, growth and metabolism systems. Additionally, the leaf has anti-fatigue, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-oxidant, and anti-aged effects. In general, ginseng leaf is quite safe, but adverse effects may occur if it is abused or is of poor quality. Thus, attention must be paid to dosages, quality, and standardization of ginseng leaf products.