• Title/Summary/Keyword: active debris removal

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Recent Status on Active Space Debris Removal Technologies (우주파편 능동제거 기술 연구개발 동향 분석)

  • Kim, Hae-Dong;Kim, Min-Ki
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.43 no.9
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    • pp.845-857
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    • 2015
  • Recently, deterioration of space environment due to space debris is getting a lot of international attention and advanced countries in space technology are willing to comply with their space debris mitigation guidelines. With these efforts to reduce the number of space debris, active space debris removal technology means to try and to get rid of space debris directly. In this paper, the background and recent status on active space debris removal technologies of overseas agencies are presented. Also, cases of technology development and patents are introduced. Thus, this paper can be usefully referred to by the colleagues who are willing to start the research and development of active space debris removal technologies.

Vision-based Ground Test for Active Debris Removal

  • Lim, Seong-Min;Kim, Hae-Dong;Seong, Jae-Dong
    • Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.279-290
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    • 2013
  • Due to the continuous space development by mankind, the number of space objects including space debris in orbits around the Earth has increased, and accordingly, difficulties of space development and activities are expected in the near future. In this study, among the stages for space debris removal, the implementation of a vision-based approach technique for approaching space debris from a far-range rendezvous state to a proximity state, and the ground test performance results were described. For the vision-based object tracking, the CAM-shift algorithm with high speed and strong performance, and the Kalman filter were combined and utilized. For measuring the distance to a tracking object, a stereo camera was used. For the construction of a low-cost space environment simulation test bed, a sun simulator was used, and in the case of the platform for approaching, a two-dimensional mobile robot was used. The tracking status was examined while changing the position of the sun simulator, and the results indicated that the CAM-shift showed a tracking rate of about 87% and the relative distance could be measured down to 0.9 m. In addition, considerations for future space environment simulation tests were proposed.

Orbital Transfer Process and Analysis of Small Satellite for Capturing Korean Satellite as Active Debris Removal (ADR) Mission (우리별 위성 포획 임무 수행을 위한 소형위성의 궤도 천이 방법 및 분석)

  • Junchan Lee;Kyungin Kang
    • Journal of Space Technology and Applications
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.101-117
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    • 2023
  • Active debris removal, a technology that approaches and removes space debris in orbit, and the on-orbit service, a technology for extending the mission life of satellites by fuel charging or by exchanging the battery, are gaining interest with the growth of the space community. SaTReC plans to develop a satellite capable of capturing and removing Korean satellites orbiting in space after the end of their missions. In contrast to the previously launched satellites by Korea, which were mainly intended to observe Earth and the space environment, rendezvous/docking technologies, as required in the future during, for instance, space exploration missions, will be implemented and demonstrated. In this paper, an orbital transition method for next-generation small satellites that will capture and remove space debris will be introduced. It is assumed that a small satellite with a mass of approximately 200 kg will be injected into the mission orbit through Korea Space Launch Vehicle-II in 2027. Because the satellite must access the target using a minimum amount of fuel, an approaching technology using Earth's J2 perturbation force has been developed. This method is expected to enable space debris removal missions for relatively lightweight satellites and to serve as the basis for carrying out a new type of space exploration in what is termed the 'Newspace' era.

Capture Simulation Study for Space Debris Using Space-Nets (우주 그물을 이용한 우주 쓰레기 포획 시뮬레이션 연구)

  • Hwang, Ui-Jin;Jang, Mi;Lim, Jun-Hyun;Shin, Hyun-Cheol;Sim, Chang-Hoon;Park, Jae-Sang
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.50 no.6
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    • pp.435-444
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    • 2022
  • This study conducts capture simulations of space debris using a space-net. The present capture simulations are performed using ABAQUS, a nonlinear structural dynamics analysis code. A square space-net with 1 m × 1 m and a space debris with a cube configuration(0.3 m × 0.3 m × 0.3 m and 30 kg) are considered as baseline models. Using the baseline models, the capture simulation using ABAQUS is conducted to understand the capture process and establish the criteria of capture success or fail. In addition, the capture simulations are performed when various properties of the space-net are considered, and it is investigated that major design factors of the space-net are recognized to capture successfully the space debris.

Study on the Feasibility of Space Weapon Development Utilizing Active Debris Removal Techniques and Understanding of Space Maneuver Warfare (우주 쓰레기 제거기술을 활용한 우주무기 개발 개연성 고찰 및 우주기동전(Space Maneuver Warfare)의 이해)

  • Seonghwan Choi
    • Journal of Space Technology and Applications
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.165-198
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    • 2023
  • According to the studies recently published through advanced maui optical and space surveillance technologies (AMOS) Conference 2021, LEO conjunction assessment revolves around not on operating satellites but space debris such as rocket bodies and non-operational satellites, hence suggesting a solution through space traffic management. Against this backdrop, the issue of active debris removal (ADR) has emerged to the surface as an international challenge throughout the globe. In step with this, the United Nations General Assembly approved a resolution calling on nations to halt tests of direct-ascent anti-satellites, to which U.S. and twelve other nations included Republic of Korea were original signatories. ADR techniques are also actively being researched in the civil sector, and these commercial services, if successfully developed, could possibly be utilized for military use as well. As such, this paper will help readers' understanding for the current status of ADR techniques, space threat assessments, on-orbit rendezvous and proximity operations by looking at previous cases, reflecting on space-faring nations' ADR techniques and its development probability in relation to space weapons. As a conclusion, this study will propose the needs of developing space propulsion system by understanding Space Maneuver Warfare in preparation for the future space battlefield.

A Study on the Deep Neural Network based Recognition Model for Space Debris Vision Tracking System (심층신경망 기반 우주파편 영상 추적시스템 인식모델에 대한 연구)

  • Lim, Seongmin;Kim, Jin-Hyung;Choi, Won-Sub;Kim, Hae-Dong
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.45 no.9
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    • pp.794-806
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    • 2017
  • It is essential to protect the national space assets and space environment safely as a space development country from the continuously increasing space debris. And Active Debris Removal(ADR) is the most active way to solve this problem. In this paper, we studied the Artificial Neural Network(ANN) for a stable recognition model of vision-based space debris tracking system. We obtained the simulated image of the space environment by the KARICAT which is the ground-based space debris clearing satellite testbed developed by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute, and created the vector which encodes structure and color-based features of each object after image segmentation by depth discontinuity. The Feature Vector consists of 3D surface area, principle vector of point cloud, 2D shape and color information. We designed artificial neural network model based on the separated Feature Vector. In order to improve the performance of the artificial neural network, the model is divided according to the categories of the input feature vectors, and the ensemble technique is applied to each model. As a result, we confirmed the performance improvement of recognition model by ensemble technique.

Recent Status and Future Prospects on On-Orbit Servicing (궤도상서비싱 개발 동향 및 향후 전망)

  • Kim, Hae-Dong
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.50 no.8
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    • pp.559-572
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    • 2022
  • Recently, with the success of the world's first On-Orbit service (OOS) mission MEV (Mission Extension Vehicle)-1 in 2020, interest in OOS is increasing at home and abroad. In particular, the mission of OOS and active debris removal (ADR) service, which was difficult to find in the old space era in the past, is expected to enter the new space industry in the near future. Therefore, this paper examines the development cases of domestic and foreign OOS technologies, and describes the characteristics of major technologies required, domestic status and development potential, and the possibility of future OOS mission development. The technology trends and future prospects of OOS described in this paper are expected to be useful reference materials for further researching related fields in domestic situations where related research is insufficient.

Preliminary Study on Field Emitter Array Cathodes for Electrodymanic Tether Propulsion

  • Kitamura, Shoji;Nishida, Shin'ichiro;Iseki, Yasushi;Okawa, Yasushi
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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    • 2004.03a
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    • pp.300-305
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    • 2004
  • A preliminary study on. field emitter array cathodes was conducted aiming at applying for electrodymanic tether (EDT) propulsion systems. The EDT propulsion systems are assumed to use for active removal systems of post-mission spacecraft, which would otherwise become space debris. A survey on field emit-ter array cathode technology was conducted, and it showed that carbon nanotube (CNT) emitters are suit-able to EDT application. Trial fabrications and evaluation tests of CNT emitters were conducted, which demonstrated a target emission current density of 10 ㎃/$\textrm{cm}^2$. It was found out that the most important technical issue for developing CNT emitters is to improve the performance against voltage breakdown between the emitter and the opposite electrode.

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Antimicrobial Activity of the Coriolus versicolor Liquid Culture Extracts Against Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria and Purification of Active Substance (구름버섯 균사체 배양 추출물의 복합내성 세균에 대한 항균활성 및 활성물질의 정제)

  • Lee, Jung-Sun;Kim, Taeg;Lee, Yoon-Hi;Jin, Cheng-Min;Kim, Hyun-Guell;Kim, Woo-Jung;Oh, Duek-Chul;Park, Yong-Il
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.92-97
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    • 2006
  • The liquid culture extract of Coriolus versicolor was prepared by directly boiling the whole culture broth 7 days after incubation in 12% citrus extract medium. After removal of mycelial debris through filtration, this extract was further extracted with equal volume of ethyl acetate (1 : 1, v/v). The ethyl acetate extracts showed significant antibacterial activities against Stapylococcus aureus CCARM3230 and Psudomonas aeruginosa CCARM2171, which are resistant to several antibiotics. The most active fraction was eluted from a silica gel column with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol (9 : 1, v/v) and the purity of this active substance was confirmed by HPLC analysis. The results suggest that the purified active substance could be a good source for the development of a new antimicrobial agent, especially for the treatment of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY ON THE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE PERIODONTAL TISSUE OF PRESSURE SIDE FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTAL TOOTH MOVEMENT IN GUINEA PIGS (Guinea pig에서 실험적 치아이동에 따른 압박측 치아주위 조직의 변화에 관한 전자현미경적 연구)

  • Lee, In Hwan
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.165-176
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    • 1983
  • The hyalinized zone in compressed periodontal ligament seems to be an unavoidable aspect during certain phases of orthodontically produced tooth movement. And these hyalinized zones leads to a standstill of tooth movement. But when hyalinized zones disappears after a certain period of time and tooth movement is established. In the basic aspect of clinical science of orthodontics, it is very important, to study about the process involved and to establish whether a difference of periodontal response by the amount of the applied experimental force exists. The 35 Guineapigs were divided into the control group (5 animals) and the experimental group (Group I-Group VI 30 animals). The experimental tooth movement of Guineapig's maxillary incisors were carried out by rendering continuous force, 5g (Group I, Group II) 35g (Group III, Group IV), 100g (Group V, Group VI) respectively. 15 animals (Group I, Group III, Group V) were sacrificed one week after this experiment. Another 15 animals (Group II, Group IV, Group VI) were sacrificed one week after the removal of active appliences. At the end of the experimental periods, specimens containing tooth and adjacent periodontal structure were obtained and processed for light and electron microscopy. The results were as follows: 1. In Group I, cellular changes of pressured zones showed swollen mitochondria, dilation of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (RER), vesicles and pyknosis of nucleus. 2. In Group III and Group V, the hyalinized tissues showed cell necrosis accompaning ruptures of cytoplasmic membrane and perinuclear envelope, large cytoplasmic vacuoles and many necrotic cell debris. 3. In Group IV and Group VI, hyalinized tissue were eliminated and the primitive mesenchymal cells and blood capillaries were proliferated. 4. In group V, the destruction of the collagenous fibers were observed, while in group I and group III were not observed. 5. In Croup IV and Group VI, the hyalinized zones were still remained partly.

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