• 지능정보연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.89-106
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• 2022

최근 영상 데이터의 급증으로 이를 효과적으로 처리하기 위해 객체 탐지 및 추적, 행동 인식, 표정 인식, 재식별(Re-ID)과 같은 다양한 컴퓨터비전 기술에 대한 수요도 급증했다. 그러나 객체 탐지 및 추적 기술은 객체의 영상 촬영 장소 이탈과 재등장, 오클루전(Occlusion) 등과 같이 성능을 저하시키는 많은 어려움을 안고 있다. 이에 따라 객체 탐지 및 추적 모델을 근간으로 하는 행동 및 표정 인식 모델 또한 객체별 데이터 추출에 난항을 겪는다. 또한 다양한 모델을 활용한 딥러닝 아키텍처는 병목과 최적화 부족으로 성능 저하를 겪는다. 본 연구에서는 YOLOv5기반 DeepSORT 객체추적 모델, SlowFast 기반 행동 인식 모델, Torchreid 기반 재식별 모델, 그리고 AWS Rekognition의 표정 인식 모델을 활용한 영상 분석 시스템에 단일 연결 계층적 군집화(Single-linkage Hierarchical Clustering)를 활용한 재식별(Re-ID) 기법과 GPU의 메모리 스루풋(Throughput)을 극대화하는 처리 기법을 적용한 행동 및 표정 검출용 영상 분석 시스템을 제안한다. 본 연구에서 제안한 시스템은 간단한 메트릭을 사용하는 재식별 모델의 성능보다 높은 정확도와 실시간에 가까운 처리 성능을 가지며, 객체의 영상 촬영 장소 이탈과 재등장, 오클루전 등에 의한 추적 실패를 방지하고 영상 내 객체별 행동 및 표정 인식 결과를 동일 객체에 지속적으로 연동하여 영상을 효율적으로 분석할 수 있다.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2004

정신지체 아동은 타인과의 제한되고 미분화된 의사소통으로 인해 실패감을 느끼고 상대방에게도 좌절감을 갖게한다. 의사표현이 부족한 정신지체 아동은 언어습득과 의사소통 활동의 측면에서 자발적인 의사소통이 이루어지도록 많은 경험을 우선적으로 해야 한다. 음악은 비언어적 의사소통 수단으로 비위협적이면서 흥미로운 자극을 제공한다. 그래서 정신지체아의 음악적 경험은 말하기와 언어 발달에 긍정적 영향을 미치고 다감각적 경험을 촉진한다. 이에 의사소통 중재로써 여러가지 접근방법 중에서 노래를 중심으로한 음악치료활동은 정신지체 아동에게 더 자연스럽고 즐겁게 언어를 표현함으로 의사소통 기술을 습득하게 한다. 본 연구는 노래를 중심으로 하는 음악치료활동이 정신지체 아동의 의사소통 기술(반응하기, 시도하기)에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아 보았다. 대상은 초등부 저학년 네 명의 정신지체아동으로, 이들은 구어능력을 가졌으나 적절한 표현어휘의 부족으로 자발적인 의사소통 시도와 반응에 어려움을 지녔다. 음악치료활동은 학령기 아동들이기에 실생활에 활용되고 기초적 학습개념의 가사를 지닌 노래를 중심으로 진행하였다. 음악치료활동은 개별아동마다 한 세션에 20분씩 주 2회, 총10주 동안 진행하였다. 전체 활동은 매 세션마다 시작노래, 의사소통 중심의 프로그램으로 이루어진 본 활동, 헤어지는 노래의 형식으로 구성하였다. 본 활동은 5회기 동안 연속적으로 반복하는 형식으로 세션을 실시하였다. 비디오 관찰을 통하여 대상아동의 반응하기와 시도하기에 대한 의사소통 기술에 대해 파악하였다. 또한 각 대상 아동에 대한 사전, 사후의 언어능력을 알아보기 위해 치료활동 전,후에 검사도구인 취학전 아동의 수용언어 및 표현언어 발달 척도(PRES, Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale)를 사용하여 수용언어 및 표현언어를 측정하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 첫째, 노래를 중심으로한 음악치료 활동이 정신지체아동의 의사소통 반응하기와 시도하기 기술을 중심으로 의사소통 행동 발생률을 증가시킴으로 네 아동의 의사소통 기술을 향상시켰다. 둘째, PRES 검사도구를 이용한 사전, 사후 검사 비교를 통하여 노래를 중심으로한 음악치료 활동이 네 아동의 수용 및 표현언어 능력을 향상시켰다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.293-297
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 활동관찰이 지적장애청소년의 볼링수행에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 있다. 본 연구에 선정된 피험자들은 D시 소재 특수학교에 재원 중인 14-16세의 경도지적장애청소년을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 대상자들은 모두 사회성숙도(SQ) 지수가 60-70사이를 나타내었으며 이는 IQ(K-WISC)가 55-69 사이에 포함되는 것으로 경도지적장애로 판별된다. 실험에 참여하는 동안 피험자들은 볼링의 각 프레임이 시작하기 전에 1분간의 활동관찰 내용을 3분 동안 반복적으로 시청을 하고, 볼링 60프레임을 수행하였다. 이 연구의 실험설계는 2(집단)${\times}$ 6(회기)에 대해 반복측정 이원분산분석과 파지단계 점수는 one-way ANOVA로 분석했다. 종속변수는 볼링점수이다. 연구문제와 관련된 통계적 유의수준은 ${\alpha}=.05$로 하였으며, 사후분석에는 Turkey's HSD를 사용하였다. 통계적 자료 분석은 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 사용하였다. 본 연구결과 활동관찰집단이 통제집단보다 볼링점수가 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 비디오 형태의 모델링에서 관찰학습이 지적장애인의 볼링기술 습득 및 학습을 향상시킬 수 있는 가능성이 있다는 것을 보여주었다고 판단된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2000

Objective: The sperm acrosome reaction is a $Ca^{2+}$-dependent exocytotic event that is triggered by adhesion to the mammalian egg's zona pellucida. Previous studies suggested a role of $Ca^{2+}$ channels in acrosome reactions. This study was conducted to investigate the T-type calcium channel is operated in acrosome reaction of human spermatozoa. Method: Human semen samples were obtained from healthy donors with normal criteria. The spermatozoa were divided into five groups: Group 1 were non-treated as a control; Group 2 where spermatozoa were exposed to 5 ${\mu}M$ $Ca^{2+}$ A23187 $(Ca^{2+}i)$; Group 3 where spermatozoa were exposed 5 ${\mu}M$ $Ca^{2+}i$ and mibefradil; Group 4 where spermatozoa were exposed 5 ${\mu}M$ $Ca^{2+}i$ and nifedipine, and Group 5 where spermatozoa were treated with 5 ${\mu}M$ $Ca^{2+}i$ and both of mibefradil and nifedipine. Spermatozoa in all groups were retrieved after incubation for 15 and 30 minutes at $37^{\circ}C$. After staining with PSA-FITC, fluorescence was observed under a fluorescence microscope, and AR was evaluated on a total>100 spermatozoa/side. Result and Conclusion: We observed on acrosome reaction inhibition rate in human spermatozoa the various of concentration of mibefradil, nifedipine. Maximum response was noted with 1.0 ${\mu}M$ mibefradil and the decrease of acrosome reaction inhibition rate 45%. Nifedipine in acrosome reaction inhibition rate was only about 25%. The $Ca^{2+}i$-induced AR of spermatozoa was significantly suppressed by mibefradil. Incidence of the suppression was depending on concentration of mibefradil. Results from the present study suggest that the human spermatozoa possess T-type channel. The observation that reversible inhibitor of T channels in male germ cells provides a new mechanism of contraceptive action.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2012

Objectives : In the theory of Korean medicine, Pear has long been considered to protect throat, bronchus and lung. Pear has been believed to remove sputum in Korean people. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of pear ethanol extract (PEE) on asthma induced by ovalbumin in mice. Methods : We investigated the effects of PEE on airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, production levels of ovalbumin (OVA) specific total immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG1, IgG2a and IgE in serum and histopathological changes of lung tissues in asthamtic mice. Results : PEE decreased airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine significantly compared to non-treated asthmatic mice (P<0.05). Level of OVA specific IgE in serum was lowered by oral administration of PEE effectively (P<0.05). In histopathological observation, administration of PEE reduced infiltration of immune cells into lung tissue. Conclusion : These results suggest that pear has anti-asthmaitc action and related mechanims are involved in anti-inflammatory action such as reducing level of OVA specific IgE and immune cell infiltration.

• 생약학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.70-78
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• 1982

To investigate the effect of 'Saengkankunbi-Tang' on the liver tissue recovery in about 70% cutted rat liver, the observation on the photographing by the Gamma-camera and the electromicroscopic section against the rabbit liver induced by $CCl_4$, these studies were conducted. The results were summarized as follows; Observed on the liver tissue recovery, function regeneration and body weight increase in about 70% cutted rat liver, the recovery of liver tissue and body weight were increased with the passage of the time and also they were showed to the high increase rate in proportion to administration amount. The glucose content in the serum was found in increasing tide as compared with the control group. The alkaline phosphate activity in the serum showed the significant difference in the 10th day and 13th day as compared with the control group. The ammonia content in the blood showed the significant difference only in the 10th day. Observed on the photographing by the Gamma-camera against the rabbit liver induced by $CCl_4$, sample groups were shown to be significant recovery as compared with the control group. Observed on the electromicroscopic section, sample groups showed the control action of the nuclear destruction against the rabbit liver induced by $CCl_4$ and also they showed the control action of the expansion of glycogen and granular endothelial reticulum in cytoplasm. According to the above finding, it is presume that 'Saengkankunbi-Tang' can be applicable to the extensive treatment of liver disease.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.551-564
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• 1993

Since the widespread application of hyperbaric oxygenation in clinical medicine, the problems of oxygen toxicity have been attracting a deep interest from the researchers on hyperbaric medicine as a practical issue. Among extensive research trials, the study on the protective agents oxygen toxicity occupied one of the most challenging field. As the mechanisms of oxygen toxicity, the role of the oxygen free radicals produced by peroxidation process are strongly accepted by the leading researchers on oxygen toxicity, the probable protective effects of antioxidant against oxygen toxicity are sustaining a sufficient rational. Maltol ($2-methyl-3-hydroxy-{\gamma}-pyrone$) which is known to be a component of Korean red ginseng has been reporting to have an antioxidant action. But, further study is needed to provide definite evidence for this compound to be an antioxidant, since the action was based on the results which were obtained under in vitro experiment. In this study, the author attempted to evaluate the effect of maltol as protective agent against oxygen toxicity through the observation of death rate, convulsion rate, time to convulsion and microscopic pathological changes in some organs of experimental rats exposed to various conditions. The findings observed are as follows : 1) The death rate, convulsion rate, time to convulsion, lung/weight ratio and microscopic pathological finding of lung were identified as reliable objective and quantitative indices for oxygen toxicity. 2) Maltol showed excellent protective effect against pulmonary oxygen toxicity as an antioxidant.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.596-611
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• 2004

과학학습에서 인지갈등은 개념변화의 중요한 필요조건으로 인식되고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 인지갈등 유형 중 어떤 갈등 유형이 과학학습과정에서 건설적인 갈등유형인가를 제안한 연구는 찾아보기 힘들다. 따라서 이 연구의 목적은 16명의 고등학생을 대상으로 작용 반작용의 법칙과 관련된 불일치 현상(선풍기-수레 문제)을 제시 한 후, 인지갈등의 불안요인 반응에 초점을 맞추어 인지갈등의 불안유형을 구분하고, 불안유형에 따라 학생이 제안하는 설명가설의 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구결과 인지갈등의 불안 요인 반응에 대한 높 낮이에 따라 각각 네 가지 유형의 불안 유형을 확인하였으며, 각 불안유형에 따른 설명가설의 특징과 과학수업에서 인지갈등 수업전략을 적용할 때 중요하게 고려해야할 불안유형의 특성을 논의하였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 1971

This study was planned to see whether the Panax Ginseng root has any influence upon the emotionality in rats exposed to a novel open-field and induced by a grid shock. Sixty four male albino rats whose body weight ranged from 130 to 180 gm were used. They were divided into four groups, i.e., placebo control group, 5mg/kg Ginseng ext. group, 10mg/kg Ginseng ext. group, and 20mg/kg Ginseng ext. group. Sixteen rats were subjected in each group. Open-field activity was measured in a $2.20m\;{\times}\;2.20m$ open-field that was divided into 15cm squares. Four novel objects and food pellets were put with an equal distance in the open-field. Locomotion was recorded by entering the number of squares traversed for 4 min. and behaviors which were shown at the 10-sec. period were checked by a modified Jarrad and Bunnel's observation procedure. Sensitivity to the grid shock was measured in a compartment of shuttle box. 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 volt ac. 2 sec., electric shock were delivered in each subject by the grid to animal's feet. Flinch, vocalization and jumping responses were rated in each shock level. The results obtained were as follows: 1.) 5mg/kg and 10mg/kg Ginseng ext. groups were tended to increase the ambulation and exploration compared with placebo control. 2.) All Ginseng extract groups were defecated significantly less often than placebo control in the open-field and shock situation. 3.) Thresholds to the electric shock were tended to elevate in all Ginseng groups. 4.) These results suggest that Ginseng extract has a stimulant action in open-field and a tranqulizing action in feared situation.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2002

The usage of nitrous oxide is increased for the anxious patient to dental treatment. There are two methods to induce the sedation during dental treatment. One is sedation with drugs the other no need of drugs. We discussed here about sedation with drugs. The methods of drug administration are oral, intramuscular, intravenous, inhalation. The method of oral administration of drugs are convenient to patient and doctor but poor controllability. Intramuscular method is a parenteral technique that maintains several advantages over the enteral technique. However its pales in comparison to other parenteral technique. Intravenous method represents most effective method of ensuring predictable and adequate sedation in all patients. But it has inability to reverse the action of drugs after they have been injected except some drugs (e.g., narcotics and benzodiazepine). A variety of gaseous agents may be administered by inhalation to produce sedation. In dental practice, the inhalation administration of gas means use of nitrous oxide. There are many advantages of nitrous oxide administration. First, very short latent period and rapid onset of drug action which lead to possible titration of drug concentration. With nitrous oxide, clinical effects may become noticeable as quickly as 15 to 30 seconds after inhalation. Recovery from inhalation sedation is also quite rapid. In out patient dental practice rapid recovery is very important because it permit to discharge the patient without escort and the patient return to their ordinary life without limit. To success the conscious sedation with nitrous oxide, the administrator should be keep the mind that always titration of nitrous oxide concentration during induction and treatment. Careful observation need during treatment to prevent oversedation because the adequate nitrous oxide concentration to patients changed by environmental stress. Always begins with 100% oxygen and ends with 100% oxygen to prevent diffusion hypoxia which rare in clinical practice.