• BMB Reports
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.604-608
• /
• 2002

The effects of progesterone on the acrosome reaction, as well as the effects of RU486 on the progesterone-induced acrosome reaction in capacitated boar spermatozoa, were investigated. Progesterone, a major steroid that is secreted by the cumulus cells of oocyte, clearly induced the acrosome reaction in a dose-dependent manner in capacitated boar spermatozoa, even though it failed to show similar effects in non-capacitated spermatozoa. RU486, a potent antiprogestin, significantly reduced the effects of progesterone on the progesterone-induced acrosome reaction; however, when treated alone, it showed no inhibitory effects on the acrosome reaction. The inhibitory effects of RU486 were also shown to be dose-dependent. These results imply that in addition to the well-known inducer of the acrosome reaction, zona pellucida, progesterone can also induce the acrosome reaction through its specific receptors on spermatozoa after the spermatozoa undergo capacitation.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.153-161
• /
• 1995

The present study was performed to investigate the effects of caffeine and heparin on capacitation and acrosome reaction of bovine spermatozoa, effects of antisperm antibodies on acrosome reaction of bovine spermatozoa. The rates of acrosome reaction in control group, caffeine treated group, heparin treated group, caffeine-heparin complex treated group were 40.3, 54.3, 63.3, 72.3%, respectively and there were significant differences among the groups(p<0.01), especially higher in caffeine-heparin complex treated group than the others. The rates of acrosome reaction of antisperm antibodies serum supplemented groups(5, 10 and 20%) were 60.4, 48.9 and 37.1%, respectively and there were significant differences among the groups(p<0.0l), and the more increases in serum concentrations, the more decreases in acrosome reaction, but this phenomenon was not seen in fetal calf serum supplemented group and heifer serum group. When the serum concentration was 5%, the rates of acrosome reactions were significantly lower in fetal calf serum supplemented group than heifer serum group and in antisperm antibodies serum group(p<0.01), and there were no significant differences between heifer serum group and antisperm antibodies serum group(p<0.01). When the serum conecntrations were 10%, 20%, the rates of acrosome reactions were significantly lower in antisperm antibodies serum supplemented group than in fetal calf serum group and in geifer serum group(p<0.01), and there were no significant differences between fetal calf serum group and heifer serum group(p<0.01). These results indicate that caffeine-heparin complex treatment is very effective for inducing acrosome reaction of bovine spermatozoa and that antisperm antibodies block acrosome reaction.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.202-208
• /
• 2022

This study investigated the influence of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) and progesterone on acrosome reaction and proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition boar sperm. The sperm were diluted with semen extender and incubated with NaHCO₃ and progesterone at 38℃, 5% CO₂ for 6 h. Plasma membrane integrity and acrosome reaction were analyzed using SYBR14/propidium iodide (PI) and FITC-PNA/PI doubling staining method, and proportion of PUFA was analyzed using gas chromatography. In results, Plasma membrane integrity was significantly decreased in 50 mM NaHCO₃ group and acrosome reaction was significantly increased by over the 100 mM NaHCO₃ group compared to control group (p < 0.05). In addition, progesterone significantly increased decreased plasma membrane integrity at 100 mM progesterone and acrosome reaction at over the 5.0 µM progesterone (p < 0.05), but there was no difference among the 5.0 to 100 µM groups. PUFAs were significantly decreased in 100 mM NaHCO₃ and 50 µM progesterone treatments compared to control group. In summary NaHCO₃ and progesterone induce acrosome reaction and reduce PUFA composition in boar sperm, therefore, the results maybe help to understand basically knowledge for the acrosome reaction and PUFA composition in boar sperm.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제56권7호
• /
• pp.26.1-26.10
• /
• 2014

Background: Endocrine disruptors are exogenous substance, interfere with the endocrine system, and disrupt hormonal functions. However, the effect of endocrine disruptors in different species has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the possible effects of $17{\beta}$-estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), genistein (GEN) and 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), on capacitation and the acrosome reaction in bovine, mouse, and porcine spermatozoa. In this in vitro trial, spermatozoa were incubated with $0.001-100{\mu}M$ of each chemical either 15 or 30 min and then assessed capacitation status using chlortetracycline staining. Results: E2 significantly increased capacitation and the acrosome reaction after 30 min, while the acrosome reaction after 15 min incubation in mouse spermatozoa. Simultaneously, capacitation and the acrosome reaction were induced after 15 and 30 min incubation in porcine spermatozoa, respectively. Capacitation was increased in porcine spermatozoa after 15 min incubation at the lowest concentration, while the acrosome reaction was increased in mouse spermatozoa after 30 min (P < 0.05). E2 significantly increased the acrosome reaction in porcine spermatozoa, but only at the highest concentration examined (P < 0.05). P4 significantly increased the acrosome reaction in bovine and mouse spermatozoa treated for 15 min (P < 0.05). The same treatment significantly increased capacitation in porcine spermatozoa (P < 0.05). P4 significantly increased capacitation in mouse spermatozoa treated for 30 min (P < 0.05). GEN significantly increased the acrosome reaction in porcine spermatozoa treated for 15 and 30 min and in mouse spermatozoa treated for 30 min (P < 0.05). OP significantly increased the acrosome reaction in mouse spermatozoa after 15 min (P < 0.05). Besides, when spermatozoa were incubated for 30 min, capacitation and the acrosome reaction were higher than 15 min incubation in E2 or GEN. Furthermore, the responsiveness of bovine, mouse and porcine spermatozoa to each chemical differed. Conclusions: In conclusion, all chemicals studied effectively increased capacitation and the acrosome reaction in bovine, mouse, and porcine spermatozoa. Also we found that both E2 and P4 were more potent than environmental estrogens in altering sperm function. Porcine and mouse spermatozoa were more responsive than bovine spermatozoa.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 1992

Effects of caffeine, heparin and caffeine-heparin treatments for in vitro capacitation of Korean Native Cattle sperm on acrosorne reaction and viability were studied using the methods of Wells-Awa and Dual stain. The results were summerized as follows: 1. The acrosome reaction of sperm when treated with caffeine after 0 to 4 hrs of preincubation were 11.0~75.7% for Wells-Awa stain, and 14.3~75.55% for Dual stain. True acrosome reaction of sperm for Dual stain was 3.0~29.2%. The viability of sperm was 62. 2~27.2%. 2. The acrosome reaction of sperm when treated with heparin after 0 to 4 hrs of preincubation were 17.0~81.2% for Wells-Awa, and 14.3~75.5% for Dual Stain. True acrosome reaction of sperm for Dual stain was 1.5~26.6%. The viability of sperm was 58.6~35. 8%. 3. The acrosome reaction of sperm when treated with caffeine-heparin after 0 to 4 hrs of preincubation were 13.0~83.2% for Wells Awa, and 11.0~78.5% for Dual stain. True acrosome reaction of for Dual stain was 5.1~26.3%. The viability of sperm was 60.5~30.1%.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.195-199
• /
• 1991

This study was carried out ot investigate effect of pH stimulation on acrosome reaction of bovine spermatozoa. The results obtained were as follows : 1. When sperm was sequentially washed with SHP solution of pH 7.4, 7.7 and 7.4 and incubated in mTALP solution of pH 7.4 for 120min, 15, 30, 60 and 120min incubations showed significantly(p<0.05) higher sperm acrosome reaction rate than 0 min. 2. When sperm was sequentially washed with SHP solution of pH 7.4, 8.0 and 7.4 and incubated in mTALP solution of pH 7.4 for 15 minutes, sperm acrosome reaction rate was significantly(p<0.01) increased until 9 min. Incubation, but not increased thereafter. 3. When sperm were separately washed with SHP solutions of pH 7.0, 7.4 and 8.0 and incubated in mTALP solution of pH 7.4 for 9min, sperm acrosome reaction rate was 74.8, 71.8 and 93.4%. pH 8.0 showed signifciantly(p<0.01) higher sperm acrosome reaction rate than pH 7.0 and 7.4. The results suggest that stimulation of sperm with high pH induces sperm crosome reaction.

• 한국동물학회지
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.182-189
• /
• 1996

It has been known that spermatozoa should obtain their fertilizing ability through capacitation and acrosome reaction, and that in these processes of fertilization, Ca2+ platys an important role for their conjugation. Therefore the present study has been designed in order to clarify the effect of fluctuation of the media Ca2+ level and the intracellular concentration of the spermatozoa on the acrosomes. During the incubation of spermatozoa, a considerable fluctuation in the media Ca2+ level has been observed after the BSA administration and the media concentration of Ca2+. It is deduced that these fluctuation rates may have an effect on the acrosome reaction. The fluctuation of K+ flux has been observed in accordance with the incubation period over time, and it's concentration seems to be closely related with the acrosomal reaction. The respiratory exchange rate (RERI of the spermatozoa is kept more regular in the BSA and Cacl2 administration groups than the non-administration group. Based on the experimental findings, it is possible to deduce a hypothesis from these findings that physiological activities of the acrosome reaction are not functionally related to the media Ca2+ level and the intracellular influx of Ca2+ concentration, although Ca2+ platys an important role as a stimulating factor in the acrosome reaction.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.269-275
• /
• 1998

It has been reported that the $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase and the $Ca^{2+}-Na^+$ exchanger play an important role for the regulation of intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ in somatic cells, the $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase located in the plasma membrane helps the $Ca^{2+}$ concentration in maintain low $[Ca^{2+}]_i$. Roldan & Fleming reported that the spermatozoan $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase plays an important role in the capacitation and acrosome reaction. We used to assess $Ca^{2+}$ changes by chlortetracycline (CTC) patterns in the capacitation and acrosome reaction of human and hamster spermatozoa. In the present study applying quercetin which has been known as an ATPase antagonist, the enzymatic effect of $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase on capacitation and acrosome reaction was found to be remarkable: a significant increase of the transformation from the original type to the B type and the AR type of spermatozoa. This finding suggests that $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase play an important role in the efflux and the influx of the $Ca^{2+}$ which have been known to be an essential factor for the capacitation and acrosome reaction, and that the inhibitory action of the $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase might be a prerequsit step toward the capacitation and acrosome reaction. In conclusion, this study suggest the considerable evidence as follows: the increment of the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration occurred by controlling the slope of $Ca^{2+}$ concentration through $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase activites in both the intracellular and extracellulr fluid may be important procedures for the capacitation and the acrosome reaction, and finally for fertilization of the sperm and ovum.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.303-308
• /
• 1990

To investigate the effect of heparin on sperm capacitation. The acrosome reaction of bovine sperm which were incubated in mTALP containing heparin and the in vitro development of bovine follicular oocytes which were cocultured with heparin-treated sperm were evaluated, and the resutls were as follows : 1. When bovine fresh sperm were incubated in mTALP solution containing 0, 5, 10 and 25$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml heparin for 15 to 840 minutes, there was no significant difference between motilies of heparin-treated sperm and untreated sperm, but the acrosome-reaction rate of heparin-treated sperm was significantly higher than that of untreated sperm. Moreover the acrosome reaction rate of was sperm treated with heparin was significantly increased after incubating for 15 minutes. 2. When fresh sperm were incubated in mTALP solution containing 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml heparn for 840 minutes, the motility of sper incubated for 840 minutes was lower than those of sperm incubated for 0, 15, 60 and 120 minutes, but the acrosome-reaction rate of sperm incubated for 840 minutes was higher than those of the others. 3. When frozen-sperm were incubated in mTALP solution containing 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml heparin for 120 minutes, the acrosome reaction rate of sperm was significantly increased after incubating for 15 minutes. 4. When fresh sperm treated with heparin were cocultured with bovine follicular oocytes, 16.7 to 23.7% of the oocytes were developed to 2-8 cell stage.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1991

본 實驗에서는 Ca, BSA, heparin과, 精液의 體外貯藏, 및 수소개체가 新鮮精子 및 卵乳液에 부유되어 5$^{\circ}C$에서 4시간 貯藏된 貯藏精子의 活力과 尖帽反應에 미치는 影響을 조사하였던 바, 그 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. Ca, BSA, Ca + BSA, heparin, heparin + Ca, heparin + BSA 및 heparin + Ca + BSA가 첨가된 SCS에서 15분간 培養한 精子의 活力은 처리간에 유의차가 인정되었으며, BSA가 다른 처리보다 유의하게 높았다. 한편 精子의 尖帽反應率은 처리간에 유의차가 인정되었으며, BSA와 Ca + BSA가 다른 처리보다 유의하게 높았다. 2. 精子의 活力은 新鮮精液과 貯藏精液 공히 KNC 1이 KNC 2, HOL 1과 2보다 유의하게 낮았으나, 尖帽反應率은 KNC 1이 KNC 2, HOL 1과 2보다 유의하게 높았다. 즉 精子의 活力과 尖帽反應率은 공히 수소개체간에 차이가 있었다. 3. KNC 1과 KNC 2의 新鮮精子를 SCS, SCS + Ca, SCS + BSA, SCS + Ca + BSA, SCS + heparin, SCS + heparin + Ca, SCS + heparin + BSA 및 SCS + heparin + Ca + BSA 용액에 각각 15분간 培養하였을 때, 精子의 活力은 수소개체간에 유의한 차이가 있었는데, KNC 1에서는 BSA가 다른 처리보다 유의하게 높았으나, KNC 2에서는 BSA, Ca + BSA 및 Ca이 다른 처리보다 유의하게 높았다. 한편 精子의 尖帽反應率은 역시 수소개체간에 유의한 차이가 있었으며, KNC 1에서는 Ca이, KNC 2에서는 Ca + BSA가 다른 처리보다 높았다.