• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.513-520
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• 2004

In the paper, we summarize the result of the experimental research for the overload criteria of domestic distribution transformers considering the electric consumption patterns of customers. For the basic characteristic data of distribution transformer overload, the actual experiments are accomplished. The field data of loads are surveyed from sample transformers for analyzing the consumption pattern of customer load. The load data acquisition devices are equipped, and the algorithm of load pattern classification is applied. In addition to this efforts, various load pattern data. in past are gathered. Then the representative load pattern of each customer type in domestic is extracted. The final results of overload criterions are presented as tabular form through the results of experiments and survey are combined. The field test of the experiment results is peformed using the special manufactured transformers, which can measure both the load and top-oil temperature of transformer. Through this, we verify that the results of field test are similar to the laboratory one and the Proposed overload criteria can be effectively applied to the real system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1601-1604
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• 2005

The demand increasing of optical applications like as display devices derives interest for fabrication process. The product s development is apt to fabricate numerous thin and wide surfaces with micro pattern. Naturally that needs injection molding fabrication for the mass production. In existing manufacturing, the product quality is controlled by input fabrication condition from the outside. That can be called as a try and error method and not fundamentally solve the troubles; imperfect replication, war page, short shot, etc. To understand the cause and bring a solution, it is needed that check of changing in the cavity. This study can catch them. Data acquisition system about temperature and pressure distribution is settled and can get some data. From this research, other studies related with DAQ in cavity can start on the easier step.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.27-36
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• 2014

This study provided longitudinal examination of the Chinese learners' acquisition of Korean vowels. Specifically, I examined the Chinese learners' Korean monophthongs /i, e, ɨ, ${\Lambda}$, a, u, o/ that were created at the time of 1 month and 12 months, tried to verify empirically how they learn by dealing with their mother tongue, and Korean vowels through dealing with pattern of the Perceptual Assimilation Model (henceforth PAM) of Best (Best, 1993; 1994; Best & Tyler, 2007) and the Speech Learning Model (henceforth SLM) of Flege (Flege, 1987; Bohn & Flege, 1992, Flege, 1995). As a result, most of the present results are shown to be similarly explained by the PAM and SLM, and the only discrepancy between these two models is found in the 'similar' category of sounds between the learners' native language and the target language. Specifically, the acquisition pattern of /u/ and /o/ in Korean is well accounted for the PAM, but not in the SLM. The SLM did not explain why the Chinese learners had difficulty in acquiring the Korean vowel /u/, because according to the SLM, the vowel /u/ in Chinese (the native language) is matched either to the vowel /u/ or /o/ in Korean (the target language). Namely, there is only a one-to-one matching relationship between the native language and the target language. In contrast, the Chinese learners' difficulty for the Korean vowel /u/ is well accounted for in the PAM in that the Chinese vowel /u/ is matched to the vowel pair /o, u/ in Korean, not the single vowel, /o/ or /u/.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.131-141
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• 2003

Recently, researchers have been debating whether Korean children exhibit a verb bias or not. Since verbs are perceptually and structurally more salient in Korean language, it has been questioned whether these differences in the Korean make a difference in the pattern of noun and verb acquisition of Korean children. Although language structures may vary between Korean and English, universal cognitive constraints play an important role in early vocabulary acquisition. Several recent studies have examined the noun and verb acquisition of Korean children. However, their conclusions regarding the noun versus verb bias have still been inconclusive. In this paper, previous studies investigating Korean children's noun versus verb bias are examined. Methodological issues are mentioned and results were reinterpreted as favoring the noun bias for one-year-old Korean children.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.71-87
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• 2004

Korean has a pair of voiceless fricatives, whose laryngeal manifestation comes in parallel to stops and affricates with a three-way lexical contrast. Prior phonetic studies by Kagaya (1974), Iverson (1983), and Kang (1999, 2000) point out /s/ is associated with multiple characteristics of the larynx shared with not only the lax but also the aspirated series, whereas /s' / carries a laryngeal distinction typical of the tense consonants. The complex dual nature of /s/ is again supported by a psycholinguistic study by Kang (2004), as /s/ was found to interact with /$c^h$/ (17% of the time) as well as /c/ (57%) in speech errors. In addition, a recent work by Cho and Lee (2003) notes an interesting chain shift case in the acquisition of the fricatives. Although they observed a significant phonological pattern between child English and Korean, Cho and Lee's description of acquiring fricatives is far from being precise from the perspective of phonetics. From a longitudinal study of recorded tapes by two children at 1;7-3;8 and 1;7-2;1 respectively, I found that /s' / was usually substituted into tense noncontinuants in young children's early production as predicted, whereas /s/ having both lax and aspirated-like glottal properties revealed a complicated pattern of substitutions into lax, tense, and aspirated noncontinuants with a varying degree of preference relative to the subjects. The current acquisition study supports the previous claims concerning fricatives in other languages, showing that their acquisition comes after stops. Besides, it also notes that Korean fricatives are subject to a series of phonological processes called stopping, affricating, tensifying and palatalizing during the transitional period of phonological development by young children. Moreover, between the two voiceless types, /s/ was acquired earlier than /s'/ as the unmarked segment.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.322-325
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• 2019

The non-intrusive load monitoring(NILM) algorithm can infer the power usage of the individual electric devices by the total electric power consumption of the main line. To develop such an algorithm, power usage pattern data of individual devices as well as those of various combinations of these devices are required. In this paper, we propose a method to develop a power usage pattern data acquisition system for developing a NILM algorithm for a smart farm. The data acquisition system is capable of simultaneously measuring the power usage of individual electrical devices and the power usage according to various combinations of scenarios every second. The measured data can be remotely monitored from the outside of the smart farm through the LTE network, and the measured data is stored in an external server.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.27-35
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• 2003

The present study, focusing on the stress-shift constructions, examines the tendency of young children to give wrong wide scope interpretation in language acquisition and questions the validity of the guess pattern hypothesis argued by Grodzinsky & Reinhart (1993). According to the hypothesis, children know that they have to construct a reference-set, keep two representations in working memory, and check whether the interpretation needed in the given context justifies selection of competing reference sets, but their working memory is not big enough to hold the materials needed to complete the execution of this task. Hence they give up and resort to a guess. 1 carried out an experiment of 16 Korean children aged 3;9 to 6;2 to find out whether children have more difficulty in the interpretation of stress-shift constructions than of constructions with a nuclear stress, and therefore perform the interpretation of the former by guessing. Assuming that the tendency is caused by a deficiency in contextual computation rather than reference set computation, I try to explain it in terms of pragmatic considerations.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 1984

A materials acquisition planning (MAP) problem that involves the determination of how much to order of a number of different items from a number of different suppliers is considered. This particular problem is modelled as a nonlinear mixed integer programming problem. A solution procedure based upon the partition of variables is developed to handle the MAP problem. This solution procedure utilizes a modified Hooke-Jeeves Pattern Search procedure along with a linear programming simplex algorithm. An example problem is presented and the results of applying the suggested solution procedure to this problem are reported.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.30B no.1
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• pp.72-78
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• 1993

While the rules for an expert system are obtained through the interviewing with domain experts or by designer's own experience, these are not adequate for fuzzy controllers dealing quantitative control values. In this paper, by considering a state of the controlled system as a pattern, we propose a method to obtain the control rules by a statistical method. Namely, we propose a method to obtain the control rules by a statistical method. Namely, we propose an rule acquisition method that is objective, mechanical, and inductive inference using a cluster-seeking algorithm, or K-means clustering algorithm. To validate this study, we show an example of an IRIS control in a CAMCODER and analyse the rules acquired from 98 sample patterns consisting of 45 features.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.71-79
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• 2013

This study provided longitudinal examination of the Chinese learners' acquisition of the Korean vowels. Specifically the author examined whether Korean monophthongs are acquired rapidly in early stages of learning (Flege, Munro and Skelton, 1992; Munro and Derwing, 2008) or they develop rather gradually in proportion to the learners' experience (Byee, 2001; Ellis, 2006). This study collected the Korean vowel production by 23 Chinese learners for a year, and then analysed F1 and F2 of each Korean vowel. The results showed that 1) Most of the second language (L2) vowels were rapidly improved during the first six or nine months of Korean learning before reaching the constant stage; and 2) The exact acquisition trajectories varied across the seven vowels. Specifically the vowels which were acquired in the early stage of learning were /i, e, ɨ/ for F1 and /ʌ, e, o, u/ for F2. Thus this study supports the hypothesis of Flege et al. (1992) and Munro and Derwing (2008) except the fact that each vowel showed the different learning route.