• 제목/요약/키워드: acid tolerance

검색결과 568건 처리시간 0.033초

The effects of high-fat diets composed of different animal and vegetable fat sources on the health status and tissue lipid profiles of male Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

  • Donaldson, Janine;Madziva, Michael Taurai;Erlwanger, Kennedy Honey
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제30권5호
    • /
    • pp.700-711
    • /
    • 2017
  • Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the impact of high-fat diets composed of different animal and vegetable fat sources on serum metabolic health markers in Japanese quail, as well as the overall lipid content and fatty acid profiles of the edible bird tissues following significantly increased dietary lipid supplementation. Methods: Fifty seven male quail were divided into six groups and fed either a standard diet or a diet enriched with one of five different fats (22% coconut oil, lard, palm oil, soybean oil, or sunflower oil) for 12 weeks. The birds were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test following the feeding period, after which they were euthanized and blood, liver, breast, and thigh muscle samples collected. Total fat content and fatty acid profiles of the tissue samples, as well as serum uric acid, triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, aspartate transaminase, and total bilirubin concentrations were assessed. Results: High-fat diet feeding had no significant effects on the glucose tolerance of the birds. Dietary fatty acid profiles of the added fats were reflected in the lipid profiles of both the liver and breast and thigh muscle tissues, indicating successful transfer of dietary fatty acids to the edible bird tissues. The significantly increased level of lipid inclusion in the diets of the quail used in the present study was unsuccessful in increasing the overall lipid content of the edible bird tissues. Serum metabolic health markers in birds on the high-fat diets were not significantly different from those observed in birds on the standard diet. Conclusion: Thus, despite the various high-fat diets modifying the fatty acid profile of the birds' tissues, unlike in most mammals, the birds maintained a normal health status following consumption of the various high-fat diets.

Acetobacter orientalis MAK88 균주를 이용한 양파 식초의 발효 최적화 (Optimization of Fermentation Condition for Onion Vinegar Using Acetobacter orientalis MAK88)

  • 이진아;이설희;박영서
    • 산업식품공학
    • /
    • 제21권4호
    • /
    • pp.403-408
    • /
    • 2017
  • 양파를 이용하여 식초를 제조하기 위하여 막걸리로부터 분리된 내산성과 내알코올성이 우수하고 산생성능이 높은 Aectoacter orientalis MAK88를 사용하였다. 양파 추출액에 A. orientalis MAK88의 종배양액을 접종하여 초산 발효를 실시하였을 경우, 발효 최적 조건을 조사하였다. 앙파 추출액 중의 초기 에탄올 농도는 5% (v/v)가 최적이었으며, 발효 144시간에서의 산도는 4.31%이었다. 초기 초산 농도는 1% (v/v)가 최적으로 발효 144시간에서의 최종 산도는 5.32%였다. 최적 발효온도는 $28^{\circ}C$로 확인되었다. 양파 착즙액은 통 양파를 $121^{\circ}C$에서 15분간 가열한 뒤 가압 착즙 후 여과한 다음 $121^{\circ}C$에서 15분간 살균하여 제조한 것이 발효에 가장 적합하였으며, 희석하지 않은 착즙 원액을 사용하는 것이 가장 좋았다.

Expression of yeast Hem1 gene controlled by Arabidopsis HemA1 promoter improves salt tolerance in Arabidopsis plants

  • Zhang, Zhi-Ping;Yao, Quan-Hong;Wang, Liang-Ju
    • BMB Reports
    • /
    • 제43권5호
    • /
    • pp.330-336
    • /
    • 2010
  • 5-Aminolevulinate (ALA) is well-known as an essential biosynthetic precursor of all tetrapyrrole compounds, which has been suggested to improve plant salt tolerance by exogenous application. In this work, the gene encoding aminolevulinate synthase (ALA-S) in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hem1) was introduced into the genome of Arabidopsis controlled by the Arabidopsis thaliana HemA1 gene promoter. All transgenic lines were able to transcribe the YHem1 gene, especially under light condition. The chimeric protein (YHem1-EGFP) was found co-localizing with the mitochondria in onion epidermal cells. The transgenic Arabidopsis plants could synthesize more endogenous ALA with higher levels of metabolites including chlorophyll and heme. When the $T_2$ homozygous seeds were cultured under NaCl stress, their germination and seedling growth were much better than the wild type. Therefore, introduction of ALA-S gene led to higher level of ALA metabolism with more salt tolerance in higher plants.

동결건조커피 제조에 적합한 유산균 균주 선발 (Selection of Lactic Acid Bacteria suitable for Manufacture of Freeze-dried Coffee)

  • 고봉수;임상호;한성희
    • 한국식품영양학회지
    • /
    • 제29권6호
    • /
    • pp.1023-1029
    • /
    • 2016
  • 정장작용, 면역체계 조절, 알레르기 저감, 콜레스테롤 경감 등 여러 기능적 효능이 알려진 프로바이오틱스 건강기능 식품이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기능성 커피 상품개발을 위하여 커피 배합에 최적인 probiotic 균주를 선발하고자 하였다. 국내외 유통 중인 동결건조커피에서 분리한 균주 1종, 발효유스타터로 사용되는 균주 8종, Bifidobacterium 1종, Bacillus coagulans 1종으로 동결건조 후 생존율, 커피 음용 환경 생존율, 내산성 및 내담즙성을 측정하였다. Bacillus coagulans는 초기균수 $2.4{\times}10^7cfu/g$에서 동결건조 후에도 $2.0{\times}10^7cfu/g$으로 높은 생존율을 나타냈고, 커피의 음용 환경, 내산성, 내담즙성 테스트에서도 대조균인 Lactobacillus casei 균에 비하여 우수한 생존율을 나타냈다. 특히, 내산성 테스트에서는 pH 1, 120분 조건에서 Bacillus coagulans이 대조군에 비하여 3.8배 높은 생존율을 나타냈다. 이에 포자형성을 특징으로 하는 유산생성 Bacillus coagulans 균제제를 기능성 커피 배합 및 상품화에 적합한 probiotic 균주로 판단하였다.

야산(野山) 목초지용(牧草地用) 내산성(耐酸性) 우수(優秀) 질소고정균주(窒素固定菌株) 개발(開發) -I. 영남지방(嶺南地方) 목야지(牧野地) 근류균(根瘤菌)의 내산성정도(耐酸性程度) (Studies on the Development of Acid Tolerant and Superior Nitrogen Fixation Symbionts for Pasture on Hilly Land -I. The Degrees of Acid Tolerance of Rhizobia from the Pastures in Yeongnam Area)

  • 강위금;최주현;조강진;정연태;이재생
    • 한국토양비료학회지
    • /
    • 제20권4호
    • /
    • pp.369-374
    • /
    • 1987
  • 우량(優良) 질소고정균주(窒素固定菌株)를 개발(開發)하여 척박(瘠薄)한 야산(野山) 개발지(開發地)에서 효율적(效率的)인 초지조성(草地造成)을 꾀하고자, 영남지역(嶺南地域) 목초지(牧草地) 근류균(根瘤菌)의 내산성(耐酸性) 정도(程度)를 시험(試驗)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같았다. 1. 분리균주(分離菌株)의 내성산도(耐性酸度)는 R. meliloti의 경우(境遇) pH 4.3~5.5, R. trifolii에서는 pH 4.0~5.5 범위(範圍)이였음. 2. 내산성(耐酸性)이 큰 R. meliloti M3 및 M4와 R. trifolii T27, T30, T31, T33 균주(菌株)는 숙주접종(宿主接種)으로 근류(根瘤)를 형성(形成)하였고 질소고정력(窒素固定力)도 있었다. 3. 우리나라 야산(野山)의 평균산도(平均酸度)인 pH 4.8~5.0에서의 내산성(耐酸性) 균주(菌株)는 R. trifolii는 80~99%였으나 R. meliloti는 35~47%에 지나지 않으므로 보다 내산성(耐酸性)이 큰 R. meliloti의 선발(選拔)이 요구(要求)됨.

  • PDF

Comparison of Environmental Stress Tolerance Between Lactobacillus fermentum Strains with High and Low Cell Surface Hydrophobicity

  • Li, Shao-Ji;Jeon, Jeong-Min;Hong, Sang-Won;So, Jae-Seong
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제17권2호
    • /
    • pp.257-261
    • /
    • 2008
  • Previous studies have suggested a possible correlation between cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and stress tolerance in Bifidobacterium. In this study, the relationship was examined between CSH and environmental stress tolerance in Lactobacillus spp. By measuring the adhesion to hexadecane, 2 Lactobacillus fermentum strains- KLB 261 and KLB 231 were found to have high and low CSH, respectively. To measure their tolerance to various stresses, cells were subjected to salt (2 M NaCl), acid (pH 2), $H_2O_2$ (0.01 %, v/v), ethanol (20%, v/v), heat ($60^{\circ}C$), and cold ($-20^{\circ}C$). Compared with KLB 231, the hydrophobic KLB 261 was found to be much more resistant to the various stresses examined. After being subjected to different stresses for a period of time, KLB 261 and KLB 231 showed 50 and 0% survivability in 2 M NaCl, 108.2 and 0.6% in 0.01 %(v/v) $H_2O_2$, 40.2%(v/v), and 3.7% at $60^{\circ}C$ incubation, 4 and 0.6% at $-20^{\circ}C$, 12.9 and 0.1 % in pH 2, 33.8 and 0.2% in 20%(v/v) ethanol, respectively. Autoaggregation test and morphological observation were also conducted in an attempt to explain these differences. These results suggested that high CSH could strengthen the stress tolerance of lactobacilli.

산, 담즙산, 산소 노출에 대한 비피도박테리아의 생존에 관한 연구 (Viability of Bifidobacterial Strains against Acid, Bile Acid, and Oxygen Exposure)

  • 임광세;허철성
    • 한국축산식품학회지
    • /
    • 제26권4호
    • /
    • pp.503-510
    • /
    • 2006
  • 한국인 유아에서 분리한 13개 균주를 포함한 19개 bifidobacteria 균주를 대상으로 산, 담즙산 및 산소 노출시의 생균수의 변화를 측정하였다. 내산성은 pH 4.0, 3.0, 2.0에서 2시간까지 측정하였는데, 실험 균주마다 매우 상이한 결과를 나타내었으며, 실험 균주 중에서 B. bifidum B3, B. longum D6, B. adolescentis Fl이 우수한 생존력을 나타내었다. 실험 균주를 0.2% thioglycolic acid와 0.2% oxgall이 함유된 MRS 배지에서 생장을 측정한 결과, B. bififdum B3과 B. longum D6이 담즙산에 우수한 저항성을 나타냈으며, 균종간의 경향은 관찰되지 않았다. 호기 상태에서 48시간 노출시킨 후에 생균수의 변화를 측정한 결과, 실험 균주마다 상이한 결과를 나타내었으며 상대적으로 B. bifidum과 B. longum균주들의 생존력이 우수하였다. 산, 담즙, 산소 노출에 대한 생존력은 균종간의 경향을 나타내지 않고 균주마다 상이한 결과를 나타내었는데, 실험 균주 중에는 B. bifidum B3과 B. longum D6 균주가 모두 우수한 생존율을 나타내었다. 이들 균주는 현재 시판되는 상업용 종균과 비교해서도 동등한 성적을 나타내어 상업용 종균으로서의 사용 가능성을 시사하였다.

땅콩의 초형별 화학성분 조성 비교 (Chemical Compositions in the Various Plant Types of Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.))

  • 조규성
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
    • /
    • 제22권5호
    • /
    • pp.576-580
    • /
    • 1993
  • An attempt was made to investigate the chemical compositions of the three plant types such as runner type(Yeoju landrace), semi-Spanish type(Suweon 15ho) and Spanish type(Wasedairu) of peanut. The proximate compositions were lipid 44.25~46.48% and protein 22.54~25.42% in various plant types of peanut, respectively. And the contents of purified free and bond lipids were 43.71~45.44% and 1.74~3.12%, respectively. The predominant fatty acids were oleic, linoleic, palmitic and arachidic acid in the free lipid, and linoleic, oleic and palmitic acid in t도 bond lipid. Pattern of 16 amino acid compositions in three plant types of peanut was shown to be similarity. Major amino acid were glutamic acid(75.30~104.66mg/g), arginine(57.30~74.27mg/g), aspartic acid(41.44~63.05mg/g) and leucine(30.80~39.00mg/g). The richest mineral contained in three plant types of peanut was noticed to be K and followed by Mg, Ca and Na. The lead content was below the authorized tolerance limits.

  • PDF

Characterization of Lactobacillus acidophilus Isolated from Piglets and Chicken

  • Ahn, Y.T.;Lim, K.L.;Ryu, J.C.;Kang, D.K.;Ham, J.S.;Jang, Y.H.;Kim, H.U.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제15권12호
    • /
    • pp.1790-1797
    • /
    • 2002
  • Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from piglets and chicken and characterized. Lactic acid bacteria showing resistance to low pH and bile, adhesion to intestinal epithelium cells, and the inhibition of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. were identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus. L. acidophilus PF01 survived for 2 h in MRS broth adjusted to pH 2. L. acidophilus CF07 was less resistant than L. acidophilus PF01 to pH 2, but survived at pH 2.5 for 2 h. Both of isolates were able to grow in MRS broth containing 0.3% (w/v) bile, with L. acidophilus CF07 being more tolerant to bile than L. acidophilus PF01. L. acidophilus PF01 and CF07 adhered specifically to the duodenal and jejunal epithelium cells of piglet, and the cecal and duodenal epithelium cells of chicken, respectively. Both of isolates did not adhere to the epithelium cells of the various animal intestines from which they were isolated. When L. acidophilus was cultured with E. coli and Salmonella spp. in MRS broth, MRS broth containing 2% skim milk powder or modified tryptic soy broth at $37^{\circ}C$, L. acidophilus PF01 and CF07 inhibited the growths of E. coli K88 and K99, and S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium, respectively. Both of isolates were found to possess the essential characteristics of probiotic lactic acid bacteria for piglet and chicken.

생력재배에 적합한 녹두 품종의 특성 (Growth Property and Seed Quality of Mungbean Cultivars Appropriate for Labor Saving Cultivation)

  • 김동관;손동모;최진경;천상욱;이경동;임요섭
    • 한국작물학회지
    • /
    • 제55권3호
    • /
    • pp.239-244
    • /
    • 2010
  • 남부지역에서 녹두 생력재배(whole crop feeding combine 수확)에 적합한 품종을 선발하고 종실품질을 규명하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 다현녹두는 도복과 병해에 강하고 개체당 협수가 많아 수량성이 우수하여 생력재배에 적합하였다. 국내에 많이 보급된 어울녹두와 금성녹두는 병해에 약하거나 개체 당 협수가 적어 수량이 낮았다. 종실의 전분 함량은 삼강녹두, 조단백질 함량은 장안녹두와 남평녹두 및 금성녹두, vitexin과 isovitexin 함량은 소현녹두에서 많았다. 그러나 조지방 함량은 품종 간 차이가 없었고, 불포화지방산이 51.8~57.2%, 포화지방산이 36.2~40.3% 차지하였다. 불포화지방산은 5종이 확인되었고 linoleic acid (36.1~38.6%), linolenic acid (10.3~14.7%), oleic acid (2.7~4.6%) 순으로 함량비가 높았다. 포화지방산은 7종이 확인되었고 palmitic acid (28.7~30.9%), stearic acid (2.9~4.1%), arachidic acid (1.5~3.7%) 순으로 함량비가 높았다. 종실의 amylogram 특성은 시험품종 간 큰 차이를 나타냈다. 호화개시온도는 남평 녹두에서 낮았고, 최고점도와 강화점도는 다현녹두에서 높았으며, 치반점도는 소현녹두, 남평녹두, 다현녹두에서 낮았다.