• Information Systems Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.215-242
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• 2014

This paper investigates accounting principles about social infrastructure on Korean National Accounting Standard and on National Accounting Standards from other countries that adopted a accruals- based national accounting standards. Social infrastructure as assets has important value in financial statements of Korea and deterioration or insufficient management of social infrastructure accompanies a huge social cost. Therefore, understanding the characteristics and related accounting standard for social infrastructure is necessary. To do this, we examine the accounting standards of U.S., New Zealand, and Australia. We also review the financial statement of local government. Based on these findings, this paper suggests that a preventive-asset management approach should be applied and alternative depreciation method for social infrastructures is developed. Moreover, a local government needs to provide important accounting information to the public in a timely and reliably manner.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.457-468
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• 2021

This study seeks to examine the effects of fraud management accounting on organizational value creation of listed firms in Thailand through internal audit function and internal audit effectiveness as the mediators of the study. In addition, governance culture and digital capability are hypothesized to affect fraud management accounting, internal audit function, and internal audit effectiveness. The 297 listed firms in Thailand are the samples of the study. The structural equation model is applied to test the research relationships. The results of the study indicate that, firstly, fraud management accounting has an effect on internal audit function, internal audit effectiveness, and organizational value creation. Secondly, internal audit function affects both internal audit effectiveness and organizational value creation. It also mediates the fraud management accounting-organizational value creation relationships. Thirdly, internal audit effectiveness affects organizational value creation and it mediates the fraud management accounting-organizational value creation relationships. Finally, governance culture affects fraud management accounting, internal audit function and internal audit effectiveness. Accordingly, executives can support, promote and enhance the applications of fraud management accounting in an organization, and utilize its concepts as the valuable tools in order to create best organizational practices and achieve their business goals in the current and future operations.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.491-499
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• 2021

A responsibility center is important for businesses in controlling their business activities. A responsibility center accounting includes a structured system for dividing responsibilities to help assess activities to improve economic efficiency for businesses. The article is based on exploratory factor analysis using the ordinary least squares to test the model of the factors affecting the application of responsibility center accounting in Vietnamese enterprises. The article uses data including 482 samples of 200 Vietnamese enterprises such as CFOs, chief accountants, and accountants. The sample was selected randomly to ensure objectivity in the period 2020-2021. The research results show that there are three factors that have a positive impact on the application of responsibility center accounting of Vietnamese enterprises, including the qualifications and capabilities of managers, decentralization in management, and evaluation tools of the responsibility center accounting. In order to contribute to improving efficiency in the application of the responsibility center accounting for Vietnamese enterprises, leaders of Vietnamese enterprises need to raise awareness and professional qualifications, pay attention to the management level in a transparent and appropriate way to delineate and diversify the tools used to facilitate and achieve business performance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.347-353
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• 2022

Using the Heckman two-step procedure, this study investigates the relationship between management accounting implementation and firm effectiveness. The research data for this study was acquired from 450 publicly traded companies in Vietnam; however, the final sample only includes 304 responses containing useful information. The reliability analysis was used to evaluate the acquired data to examine the qualities of constructs and the dimensions that make them up. Then, the Heckman two-step technique was performed to analyze the causal connection from the acceptance of management accounting to firm effectiveness allowing for the effect of environmental uncertainty and organizational characteristics on the likelihood of adopting management accounting. The empirical findings show that management accounting acceptance determines firm effectiveness; however, the research model on the relationship between management accounting adoption and firm effectiveness has a sample selection bias. The main conclusions of this study are that there is a difference in the effects of management accounting adoption on business effectiveness when sample selection bias is not taken into consideration. When potential sample selection bias is taken into account by integrating environmental uncertainty and organizational characteristics in the research model, the effect of adopting management accounting on company effectiveness becomes minor.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.193-212
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• 2021

Purpose - This study investigates the effect of auditor change on client firm's accounting (financial statement) comparability. Design/methodology/approach - The comparability of accounting information is measured by the difference in accruals between the two firms. Additionally, the study uses earnings-stock return relationship as another proxy of accounting comparability. In particular, the paper examines whether there is a systematic difference between initial audit years and the other years with respect to the client firm's accounting comparability. Moreover, current study tests how changes in auditor size or industry expertise before and after the switch of auditors affect the accounting comparability. Findings - The results show that the level of accounting comparability is lower in the year of auditor change than in the other years. Furthermore, this lower level of comparability is derived by the observations that switch their auditors from non-Big4 to non-Big4 or from non-specialist to non-specialist. These results are consistent when accounting comparability is measured by different proxies. Research implications or Originality - The findings of this study provide important policy implications for the regulations related with auditor selection.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.761-768
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• 2020

This paper explores the barriers to derivative accounting disclosures in Vietnamese companies and ranks their relative importance for effective and efficient remedies. The Delphi technique was applied to get agreement of panel of experts on the measurement of factors hindering disclosure. Unstructured questionnaires were first sent to twelve experts who had both practical experience and academic knowledge in the field to get ideas on the obstructions to derivatives disclosure. The structured questionnaire was designed to get their agreement on barriers to derivative accounting disclosures. The data analysis with mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and quartile has been implemented to ensure the unanimity. Market-related factors, legislation, accountants' attributes, managers' attributes, information technology and communication, and on-site training were the six major obstacles agreed upon by the experts during their in-depth interviews. Then, these factors were ranked by applying the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The findings confirmed the priority of information technology and communication, which held the greatest weight. Legislation ranked second, followed by market-related factors and on-site training, which explained the impediments to derivatives disclosure. Managers' and accountants' attributes had the least contribution to the barriers to derivative disclosures. The results have important implications for actions to enhance corporate derivative disclosures in Vietnam.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.313-319
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• 2021

The article analyzes the impact of factors affecting the use of management accounting in small and medium-sized firms in Vietnam, which adds to the empirical evidence on these factorsThe survey results collected 328 questionnaires using a questionnaire survey of managers at all levels, chief accountants, and accountants of 89 small and medium firms in Vietnam. Some questionnaires were invalid due to many blank cells, hence the author chose to use 315 questionnaires. Quantitative research was carried out with SPSS 25 software. Research results show that five factors have a positive influence on the application of management accounting including Competitive pressure, Decentralization of responsibility, Application of information technology, the level of interest of managers, and the quality of human resources, in which the application of information technology and competitive pressure are the factors that have the strongest influence on the application of management accounting in small and medium enterprises in Vietnam. Based on the findings of the study, the author has proposed recommendations to help small and medium-sized businesses improve their ability to successfully apply management accounting techniques, thereby improving their competitiveness and efficiency performance and contributing to the long-term sustainability of their businesses.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.85-105
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• 1981

Information is an essential factor leading the rapid progress which is one of the distinguished characteristics in modem society. As more information is required and as more is supplied by individuals, governmental units, businesses, and educational institutions, the greater will be the requirement for efficient methods of communication. One possibility for improving the information dissemination process is to use computers. The capabilities of such machine are beginning to be used in the process of Information storage, retrieval and dissemination. An important problems, that must be carefully examined is whether one technique for information retrieval is better for worse than another. This paper examines problem of how to evaluate an information retrieval system. One specific approach is a cost accounting model for use in studying how to minimize the cost of operating a mechanized retrieval system. Through the use of cost analysis, the model provides a method for comparative evaluation between systems. The general cost accounting model of the literature retrieval system being designed by this study are given below. 1. The total cost accounting model of the literature retrieval system. The total cost of the literature retrieval system = (the cost per unit of user time X the amount of user time) + ( the cost per unit of system time X the amount of system time) 2. System cost accounting model system cost = (the pre-search system cost per unit of time X time) + (the search system cost per unit of time X time) + (the post search system cost per unit of time X time) 1) Pre-search system cost per unit of time = cost of channel per unit time + cost of central processing unit per unit time + cost of storage per unit time 2) Search system cost per unit of time = comparison cost + document representation cost. 3) Post-search system cost per unit of time. = cost of channel per unit time + cost of central processing unit per unit time + cost of storage per unit time 3. User cost accounting model Total user cost = [pre-search user cost per unit of time X (time + additional time) ] + [search user cost per unit of time X (time + additional time) ] + [post-search user cost per unit of time X (time + additional time) ].

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.33-43
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• 2020

This study aims to investigate the importance of earnings quality as a determinant of companies' performance. It provides some empirical evidences from an emerging market, specifically from the Jordanian market. This study developed an econometric model for the effect of earnings quality on the companies' performance using empirical evidence. The study employs a panel data analysis method by using a sample of all Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) during 2010-2018. The results reveal that Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Earnings Per Share (EPS) as proxies of company's performance are affected by the earnings quality. This provides the importance of positive earnings quality that eventually influences the companies' performance. The results of this study suggest that the higher control level on the managers' behavior and its outcome will have an effect on earnings quality, and thus the company's performance increases. As well as, high relevance of accounting information will improve earnings quality, and thus earnings quality with the interaction factors of the company's environment work on improving performance. As a conclusion, this study can work as a reference to assist standard setters, security analysts, regulators and other accounting-information users in appraising relation between the earnings quality and companies' performance.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.1203-1213
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• 2013

Governmental accounting system has changed from budgetary accounting on the basis of cash and bookkeeping by single entry to financial accounting on the basis of accrual and bookkeeping by double entry. In the context of this transition, infrastructure becomes considered an asset in accounting, and resulting accounting methods also take different approaches from conventional budgetary accounting. Financial accounting system defines expenditures into two categories, i.e. capital expenditure(CAPEX) and operational expenditure(OPEX), and stipulates that the expenditure shall be divided into those two categories before accounting. The construction and expansion of infrastructure must be considered a CAPEX because it means a sort of asset acquisition, but with regard to applications in practical accounting, it is actually challenging to judge whether any expenditure associated with maintenance works (including repair and service) during use of infrastructure acquired shall be considered CAPEX or OPEX. This paper suggested an asset management based accounting method for sewer maintenance expenditure. And it applied the method to actual accounting cases and analyzed them in comparison with conventional financial information. As a case study result, Sewer asset value of S city increased approximately 700 hundred won because sewer maintenance expenditure are classified between OPEX and CAPEX according to the proposed accounting method. It is expected that the proposed accounting method will contribute significantly to providing any proper sewer asset value information.