• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.136-145
• /
• 2007

The selection of suppliers and the determination of order quantities to be placed with those suppliers are important decisions in a supply chain. In this research, a non-linear mixed integer programming model is presented to select suppliers and determine the order quantities. The model considers the purchasing cost which takes into account quantity discount, the cost of transportation, the fixed cost for establishing suppliers, the cost for holding inventory, and the cost of receiving poor quality parts. The capacity constraints for suppliers, quality and lead-time requirements for the parts are also taken into account in the model. Since the purchasing cost, which is a decreasing step function of order quantities, introduces discontinuities to the non-linear objective function, it is not easy to employ traditional optimization methods. Thus, a heuristic algorithm, called particle swarm optimization (PSO), is used to find the (near) optimal solution. However, PSO usually generates initial solutions randomly. To improve the PSO solution quality, a heuristic procedure is proposed to find an initial solution based on the average unit cost including transportation, purchasing, inventory, and poor quality part cost. The results show that PSO with the proposed initial solution heuristic provides better solutions than those with PSO algorithm only.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.152-161
• /
• 2014

According to Korea Federation of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)' report, SMEs account for 99% and number of SMEs workers account for 87% in Korea. Thus, SMEs has an important role in the future Korean industry. This paper considers the improvement methods of SMEs' quality competitiveness. For this study, we developed the quality measurement model for identifying SMEs' quality level and investigated many companies by survey and interviews. We also performed the benchmarking study and the gap analysis between Korea and other countries. This paper suggests some policies for increasing the quality of SMEs.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 2001

Needs of each enterprises for safety managers ability should be clarified and then the result should be taken into account regular curriculum and assessed it regularly. Keeping the student competance without this series of feedback will not be possible. A method, to assess the effectiveness of curriculum course, DACUM(Developing A Curriculum) could be applied in order to find out what subject will be useful. Questionnaire results with weight factor could be put into this study Task Analysis method and the importance determining method have been introduced here. As a further study, it is concealed that a study taking into account of company size, nature, local situation are needed to find out more useful application.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.451-458
• /
• 2021

The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of bad credit and liquidity on bank performance with the mediation of capital adequacy. Data were provided by banking institutions listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from the period of 2011-2019. The analysis technique was PLS-SEM supported by an application named WarpPLS 6.0. The results of the research show that the effect of bad credit and liquidity on bank performance is not significant. A high level of bad credit is associated with a low level of bank performance. Bank earnings decline along with low profitability. This relationship is not significant because banks can still cover some proportions of bad credit through capital availability. Capital adequacy as an intervening variable has mediated partially the effect of bad credit and liquidity on bank performance. Besides, capital adequacy has a strong effect on credit distribution. Agency theory says that the owner of the fund (the savers of saving account, current account, deposit account) is called principal while the bank as the trusted institution to manage the fund is called an agent. If customers fulfill their duty, then bad credit never happens.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.59-81
• /
• 2020

Purpose - This study analyzes the scope of due diligence and risks of banks and K-Sure in trade finance covered by EFF focusing on Moneual case, one of the latest and biggest trade finance fraud cases in Korea. Also, we suggest anti-fraud measures in trade finance on the part of banks and K-Sure in order to give them a desirable way of due diligence and reasonable risk management of export insurance. Design/methodology - Based on Moneual case of trade finance fraud, this study employs the methodology of an extended literature review and analysis of court decisions. Findings - Seoul High Court of Korea failed to decide whether K-Sure was wholly obliged to pay the insurance against the banks' EFF claims, but issued a compulsory mediation order, judging that both the banks and K-Sure were responsible by 50:50. The court may have judged that both the parties had lacked their due diligence in the trade finance. It is quite difficult for trade finance providers to manually investigate whether the transaction is suspected of trade finance fraud, so digitalization of trade finance which can facilitate the prevention and detection of trade fraud needs to be realized quickly. Since there has been no international rule available for open account trade finance up till now, clearly stipulated EFF terms on the exporter's genuine export obligation might have protected K-Sure from the disaster. Originality/value - This study investigates the due diligence of the banks and K-Sure in Moneual case which few researchers have considered, to the best of our knowledge. This study also suggests several practical methods (including block chain) to prevent complicating trade finance fraud amid increasing use of an open account, and further offers reasonable risk management of EFF employing international factoring rule which is also related to problematic open account trade finance.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국원자력학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 요약집
• /
• pp.186-186
• /
• 2003

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.467-484
• /
• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to review, with the main focus on aviation safety technology and management program, how human factors are currently taken into consideration within transportation sectors, especially aviation, and to further share related information. Background: Human factors account for the majority of aviation accidents/incidents. Thus, the aviation sector has been comparatively quick in developing and applying technologies and management programs that deal with human factors. This paper reviews the latest safety technologies and management programs regarding human factors and aims to identify the trend. Method: This paper, based on literature research and practical experience, examines the latest international standards on technologies and management programs, those that deal with human factors and are adopted by international and domestic aviation organization. The main focus of discussion is how human factors are reflected during the system design and operation process. Results: The current most important issue in designing is the consideration of human factors in Cockpit, Automation, and Safety system technology design. From an operational point of view, the issues at hand are screening and training aviation workers to promote aviation safety, providing education on human factors and CRM/TEM, and running a safety management program to implement SMS. They were discussed based on the operational experience within the aviation sector. Conclusion: Major examples of a human factors approach to promote aviation safety are safety programs and various safety and monitoring technologies applied to aviation personnel for error management. These programs must be managed in an integrated manner that takes both the system designing and operational point of view into account. Application: It is thought that the human factors approach for promoting aviation safety reviewed in this paper can be extended and applied to safety management programs in other transportation sectors such as the railroad, maritime, road traffic etc.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.435-444
• /
• 2001

In the Korea, railroad accidents result in about 5.4 railroad run-off crashes every year and account for approximately 93 percent of all railroad accident frequency. Despite the number, quantification of the possible countermeasure has been limited and also railroad safety control after private management for railroad has not been established. Therefore, this study provides some initial insight into the important safety problem by introducing some example, including some detailed safety regulations in both British and U.S. to develop appropriate railroad safety management system.

• 정보관리연구
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.86-116
• /
• 1989

원자력발전정보(原子力發電情報)의 이용(利用)을 극대화하기 위한 정보관리(情報管理)시스템 개발(開發)을 목적으로 국내(國內)의 운영현황(運營現況)과 선진국(先進國)의 운영현황(運營現況)을 분석하였으며, 아울러 새로운 시스템개발시(開發時)에 고려해야 할 사항들을 도출하여 제시하였다.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.253-255
• /
• 2015

The concept of precision medicine-prevention and treatment strategies that take individual variability into account-is hot issue of US in the year 2015. Precision medicine is a new concept that approach patients individually by there characteristics, such as genome, life style, environmental exposure, etc. For developing the precision medicine, National Institute of Health of US has been prepared the Precision Medicine Initiative Cohort Program, at least 1 million people cohort. The US President Obama announced the Precision Medicine Initiative on 30th January 2015. He announced that he will pioneer a new model of patient-powered research that promises to accelerate biomedical discoveries and provide clinicians with new tools, knowledge, and therapies to select which treatments will work best for which patients. Most medical treatments have been designed for the 'average patient.' As a result of this 'one-size-fits-all-approach,' treatments can be very successful for some patients but not for others. This is changing with the emergence of precision medicine, an innovative approach to disease prevention and treatment that takes into account individual differences in people's genes, environments, and lifestyles. Precision medicine gives clinicians tools to better understand the complex mechanisms underlying a patient's health, disease, or condition, and to better predict which treatments will be most effective. The healthcare researcher should prepare the new medicine era such as bio-information technology convergence, big data study.