• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.31
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• pp.355-365
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• 2017

The future population of Korea is expected to reach the second highest level in the world by 2060 for the elderly. It is because of the rapid development of low fertility and medical technology. The burden of society for the elderly is expected to increase steadily. The elderly person firstly appears functional disorder. They have low ability in memory and in cognitive will be. Their activities are therefore limited. And economic production capacity is sharply reduced. Self-sufficiency is a difficult situation. They need help in economic and social aspects. Products for them need research and development. The elderly have a Mild Cognitive Impairment(MCI) stage with poor cognitive abilities. It is effective to combine pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment methods for people with mild cognitive impairment. The effects of non-pharmacological treatments on music have been proven. This paper is a study on the appearance from the viewpoint of design in the development of ancillary instruments using music therapy techniques with Digital Convergence. For this study, we investigated the preference for external appearance of mild cognitive impairment. Two times surveys were conducted. As a result, the design of home care product for the hard cognitive impaired was different from that of a conventional game machine or set top box. It should be designed according to the user's special circumstances. They are memory and cognitive abilities. Products that meet physical and mental changes must be developed.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.115-128
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• 2023

This study examines the effects of a new app-based intervention program for conversational skills of children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants in this study comprised 26 children diagnosed with autism, Asperger's syndrome, or pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS). Participants were randomly assigned into a treatment group or a control group according to their ages, IQ, SCQ, and ASSQ scores. The treatment group met with teachers once a week for a single non-face-to-face class for nine weeks, along with conversation training at home using an app. The control group did not participate in any specific programs for conversational skills. Conversation data of all participants were collected before and after the intervention to compare the two groups based on changes in the conversational turn-taking and topic manipulation skills. When analyzed with respect to a Group X Period analysis of variance (ANOVA), the data indicated maintenance on the rate of appropriate listener's verbal responses in the treatment group, whereas the rate of inappropriate listener's verbal response significantly declined in the control group. In addition, the rate of conversation initiation and maintenance and the rate of appropriate initiation improved in the treatment group, whereas the rate of inappropriate initiation declined in this group. Overall, the study demonstrates promising effects of the novel App-based digital intervention on verbal conversational skills in children with high function ASD.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-29
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• 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated digital transformation across all industries and daily life. Edutech is spreading in the education field, also bringing changes in university education. Non-face-to-face online-only classes at universities have spread after the COVID-19 pandemic physical distancing started. Online-only or real-time online classes showed diverse educational imitations. 'Metaverse' started to attract attention as a learning space and community activity support platform that may solve the limitations of online education and communication. It is time to prepare an introduction strategy for the actual application of education using metaverse. This study, first, by examining previous studies and cases of metaverse application, and second, establishing a metaverse introduction framework based on the technology lifecycle model and the innovation diffusion theory. Finally, we provide an introduction strategy in steps, a specialized introduction plan according to the main users is established and presented as a scenario. We expect that this study will provide the theoretical background of the new technology introduction and the spread of metaverse research. Also, we present an efficient introduction strategy, the basis for a service model, and a practical basis for the university's value-added strategy.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.355-361
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• 2003

In the present study, a new Real Time Subjective Evaluation (RTSSE) system was developed. The system is composed of two parts: a sensibility input part and sensibility evaluation part. The sensibility input part receives values, which are recorded on an input board using a stylus and digital tablet, from each subject's evaluation of his/her own subjective sensibility towards a particular stimulus. The sensibility evaluation part displays the level of pleasantness and arousal on one or two dimensions in real time. An experiment was conducted in order to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of the RTSSE system. The present study compared Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) with the RTSSE by presenting 28 subjects in their 20s with pictures arousing either positive or negative sensibility. Following the experiment, an off-line subjective assessment using a questionnaire was given to the same subjects. According to the correlation coefficients, changes in subjective sensibility caused by the positive visual stimulus were related more closely to GSR, from the positive visual stimulus, and changes in subjective sensibility caused by the negative visual stimulus were related more closely to GSR from the negative visual stimulus. The questionnaire results showed marked similarity to the average responses of the RTSSE. In conclusion, the most remarkable characteristic of the present system is that it not only assesses the average sensibility when stimuli are presented, but also shows the changing strength of sensibility over time.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.35-45
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• 2018

Research on the establishment of new governance aimed at efficient policy planning and the implementation thereof by the government has been conducted in response to social changes. Nonetheless, governance is comprehensive and encompasses different meanings; it takes various forms in the process of its actual application. Therefore, systematic classification of research on governance and analysis on its research trend are required. Accordingly, three researchers who majored in policy sciences, business informatics, and library and information science, respectively, searched for theses related to governance published since 2016 from Research Information Sharing Service and conducted a social network analysis (SNA) on them. According to their research results, the main research topics were largely classified into collaborative governance and local governance. Keywords throughout the topics included network, participation, conflict, and trust in line with the characteristics of governance. Representative subjects of governance included education, urban regeneration, and the environment. Further, measurement of betweenness centrality showed local governance was a main topic for convergent research. This study will lead to a greater understanding of research on governance and help activate such research. One limitation of this study is that it analyzed only theses with the keywords but not all theses on governance. Follow-up research should analyze all theses on governance and statistically verify them with SNA indexes.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.77-91
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• 2001

Backgrounds and purpose : The acupuncture of oriental medicine is very important in treatments. Until now it was been researched according to the meridian and qi xue(氣血) phenomenon of oriental medicine's theory. Acupuncture will show more objective index to observe the meridian. And then, I studied the effects on the thermal change of the Taeyon($L_9$) and Chungbu($L_1$) following acupuncture stimulation. Objective and Methods : This study was performed from December 1999 to February 2000 on 60 healthy students. The objective was divided into two groups, those are the control group A(N=30) that no acupuncture stimulation, the group B(N=30) of acupuncture stimulation on Taeyon($L_9$). First, in the control group A, I took a picture Taeyon($L_9$) Chungbu($L_1$) Taenung($P_7$) Chondol($CV_{22}$) area for 30 men without any stimulation with the Digital Infrared Thermograph Imaging(D.I.T.l.) and did same area, 10min after. Second, in the acupuncture stimulation group B, we took a picture Taeyon($L_9$) Chungbu($L_1$) Taenung($P_7$) Chondol($CV_{22}$) area for 30 men without any stimulation with the Digital Infrared Th - ermograph Imaging(D.I.T.I.), and then stimulate acupuncture on Taeyon($L_9$) and took a picture same area, 10min after. Results : 1. In healthy men, average skin temperture on Taeyon($L_9$) area was lower than Chungbu($L_1$) area about $3.0^{\circ}C$, in the Lt. Taeyon($L_9$) and Chungbu($L_1$) area was lower than Rt. Taeyon($L_9$) and Chungbu($L_1$) area. 2. In the acupuncture stimulation group B, the skin temperature of both side Taeyon($L_9$) area showed the increase or decrease significantly. But both Taenung($P_7$) area did not showed significantly. 3. In the acupuncture stimulation group B, the skin temperature of both side Chungbu($L_1$) area showed the increase or decrease significantly. But both Chondol($CV_{22}$) area did not showed significantly. 4. The thermal changes of the area which is a meridian point in the Lung Meridian of the acupuncture stimulation group on Taeyon($L_9$) different from other Meridian with significantly change. Conclusion : The acupuncture stimulation on Taeyon($L_9$) affected the thermal change of the area which is a meridian point, in the Lung Meridian. And then I could relate these results with the existence of the meridian and meridian point. Thus, continuous thermographic study will be needed for the existence of the meridian and meridian point.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.203-220
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of morphology and structure of bone tissue, caused by administration of high-dose hydrocortisone, elcatonin and cyclophosphamide. In order to carry out experiment, 60 four-week old Sprague-Dawley strain rats weighing about 107 gms were selected and divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group was subdivided into three groups, assigned fifteen rats for each group, by the different drugs administered. Each experimental group was then categorized as follows: hydrocortisone 30㎎/㎏ b.w. with daily subcutaneous injection, elcatonin 20U/㎏ b.w. with daily subcutaneous injection, and cyclophosphamide 100㎎/㎏ b.w. with a single intraperitoneal injection. Fifteen rats were injected daily with 5㎖/㎏ b.w. of normal saline solution subcutaneously in control group. Rats in control group and experimental group were serially sacrificed on the 6th, the 15th and the 22nd day after injection of normal saline, hydrocortisone, elcatonin and cyclophosphamide, respectively. Being sacrificed, both sides of mandibular condyles were removed and fixed with 10% neutral formaline. The one side of mandibular condyles was radiographed with soft X-ray apparatus. Thereafter, the obtained radiographs were observed, and the bone density of condylar head and condylar neck regions was measured by use of transferring video-based digital radiograph. The other side was further decalcified and embedded in paraffin as usual manner, then sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, observed by light microscope. The obtained results were as follows: 1. Sclerotic changes with regularly increased trabecular pattern were seen throughout experimental periods in hydrocortisone group. Increased the number of trabecular pattern with irregularity and periodic striation on the periphery of condylar head region were appeared with lapse of time in elcatonin group. In cyclophosphamide group, irregular trabecular pattern and stippled radiopacities on mandibular condyle were observed with lapse of time. 2. The bone density of condylar head region was increased in hydrocortisone group, decreased in elcatonin group, and tended to be decreased in cyclophosphamide group, compared with that of control group according to the experimental periods. 3. The bone density of condylar neck region tended to be rather increased in hydrocortisone group, elcatonin group and cyclophosphamide group, depending on the experimental periods. 4. In microscopic studies, there were irregular trabecular bonds and osteoblastic activity in hydrocortisone group and elcatonin group throughout experimental periods, degenerative cartilage and trabecular bones in the 6th day and densely calcified trabecular bones in the 22nd day in cyclophosphamide group.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.326-333
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic positioning techniques used in local animal hospitals, identify the most common positioning problem, and determine whether there were changes after teleradiology consultations. From September 2016 to April 2021, 15 local animal hospitals that requested radiographic interpretation more than 10 times and for more than six cases of thoracic radiographs were selected. Six sets of two-views of (lateral and ventrodorsal [VD] or dorsoventral [DV] views) digital thoracic radiographs from six dogs per hospital were evaluated in four categories. For the lateral view, radiographic technique scores used in ten local animal hospitals improved, one remained the same, and four became worse. For the VD/DV view, the score for eleven hospitals improved and worsened for four. The most common problem was rotation (57/90) for the lateral view, followed by an inappropriate field of view (59/90), and incorrect beam center (71/90). For the VD/DV view, an inappropriate field of view (54/90) was the most common problem, followed by asymmetry (63/90), and incorrect beam center (73/90). Every factor, except rotation in the lateral view, improved after obtaining technical consultation; however, the degrees of improvement were not remarkable. There was no significant correlation between the number of requests and the degree of improvement. According to the results, the radiographic technique used in local animal hospitals was improved by technical advice on teleradiology. These changes make it possible to provide accurate diagnoses of the requested images. There are some limitations regarding the indicators of evaluation and the number of cases; therefore, further studies that use detailed indicators in large cohort group are needed. In addition, an effective method of teaching should be developed to improve radiographic techniques in local animal hospitals.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.481-488
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• 2021

This study aimed to identify and to compare the difference the changes of one-leg drop landing pattern depending on chronic ankle instability (CAI) among basketball club members. For 30 basketball club members who are currently participating in recreational basketball games in Busan Metropolitan City, 21 CAI groups and 9 CON groups were classified according to the CAI standards provided by the International Ankle Consortium. The one-leg drop landing pattern was measured with the alignment of the lower extremity and joint movement at the initial contact (IC), and the point of peak knee flexion. In addition, the one-leg drop landing pattern was tested with the muscular activity of tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, medial gastrocnemius and gluteus medius at the initial contact (IC), heel contact (HC), and the point of peak knee flexion. The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference in lower limb alignment and lower limb muscular activity among single leg drop landing. These results showed no significant differences in the one leg drop landing pattern and muscular activity depending on CAI. The further studies should classify the types of chronic ankle instability and consider the physical demands and movement characteristics depending on their playing position for providing useful information on prevention of CAI in basketball club members.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.145-154
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to carry out comparative analysis on the world major liner shipping companies' ship investment strategy using Fuzzy-AHP model. In this study, the ship investment factors were firstly selected by literature review and finally adopted them by in-depth interview with experts who had working experiences over 15 years in the field of shipping business. As suggested in the previous research, the liner shipping companies have been classified into four types such as 'ship investment irrelevant to market trend'(Type1), 'ship investment before market rise'(Type2), 'market decline after participation in excessive orders'(Type3), 'avoidance of ship investment during market rise'(Type4) and the comparative analysis were conducted among four ship investment types. According to the results of analysis, ship investment priority in Type1 was freight rates(0.132), price of used ship(0.121) and fleet(0.103). The priority in Type2 was freight rates(0.134), need for ship owner(0.113) and public funding(0.109). Type3 put its priority in freight rates(0.173), fleet(0.169) and the changes in international circumstances(0.121). Type4 considered freight rates(0.239), fleet(0.232) and oil price(0.150) as its priority.