• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.435-444
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• 2009

In the case of oil spill accident at sea, information concerning the movement of spilled oil is important in making response strategies. Aircrafts and the satellites have been utilized for monitoring of spilled oil. In these days, numerical models are using to predict the movement of the spilled oil. In the future a coupling method of modeling and remote sensing data should be needed to predict more correctly the spilled oil. The purpose of this paper is to present an application of satellite image data to an oil spill prediction model as an initial condition. Environmental Fluid Dynamics Computer Code (EFDC) was used to predict the movement of the oil spilled from Hebei Spirit incident occurred in Taean coastal area on December 7,2007. In order to make the model initial condition and to compare the model results, two satellite images, KOMPSAT-2 MSC and ENVISAT ASAR obtained on December 8 and 11, were used during the period of the oil spill incident. The model results showed an improvement for the prediction of the spilled oil by using the initial condition deduced from satellite image data than the initial condition specified at the oil spill incident site in the respects of the distributed spilled area.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.66-73
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• 2019

Thanks to various efforts to reduce disasters by the government and the Health and Safety Authority, disasters across industries and the construction industry show their reduction trend. However, the falling disasters in the construction industry have not decreased and increased on the contrary. Especially falling disaster caused by Hanging Scaffolding is the most critical disaster which shows low occurrence frequency but is directly connected to death of worker. The working environment for Hanging Scaffolding is poor in domestic construction site. In particular, the Hanging Scaffolding workers in small construction sites are not on the safety control and management by anyone for their works. They are driven to unsafe working condition with mostly uncertified facilities which are made by themselves. Therefore, this study is focused on searching falling disaster factors from the 242 disaster cases caused by Hanging Scaffolding Work in 15 years presented by KOSHA, and trying to provide suggestions for improvement. The improvement of the method of work requires facility improvement and work due to high accident rate caused by unsafe behavior. Analysis of the case of a disaster occurring over the past 15 years shows that no disaster occurred due to problems in the order of operations presented by KOSHA. However, it was found that many accidents resulted from death caused by safety belts not being installed or attached to ropes using safety belts without following the order of work. The most important aspect of improving the work method was the installation and wearing of lifeboats and safety belts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.832-838
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• 2021

Recently, reports of marine accidents of small fishing vessels less than 10 tons have been increasing. In this study, the characteristics of the motion response in regular waves were analyzed using computations for these ships. Small vessels less than 10 tons are classified by size and used for marine accident investigations. Therefore, the motion response analysis was performed on three small fishing vessels of different sizes. In the case of the head sea, it was confirmed that as the speed of the vessel increased in the long wavelength region, the motion responses of heave and pitch became large. The motion response of the smallest 3-ton fishing vessel was greater than that of the other sizes of fishing vessels. The maximum value of the roll motion shifted to the long wavelength region as the speed gradually increased in the bow sea, regardless of the size of the ship. In all the three small fishing vessels, it was found that the roll motion was the greatest at 15 knots, the highest speed in both bow and beam seas. When sailing in the head sea and bow sea conditions, lowering the speed is one of the effective approaches to reduce the effects of the vertical and lateral plane motions. The roll motion caused by the beam wave showed a tendency to increase rapidly only at a specific wavelength regardless of the speed and the size of the vessel. It was confirmed that the roll motion was significantly reduced with forward speed in the stern wave compared to the bow wave. As there is a specific region where the maximum value of the hull motion response appears depending on the size and speed of the ship, an operation method that can minimize the effect of this motion should be considered and implemented.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2021

Along with the emergence of technologies related to the 4th industrial revolution, all industry sectors are making efforts to dramatically increase productivity by actively introducing high-tech technologies. Recently, the MLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) is trying to solve problems related to low productivity and high accident rate in the construction industry by applying the 4th industrial revolution technologies to infrastructure construction through smart construction R&D projects. This research was performed as part of the smart construction R&D project supported by MLIT, and the purpose is to develop a module that automatically generates moving paths for construction equipment based on the earthwork plan for road construction. The generated moving path can be used to provide safe and efficient paths for construction equipment and to support MC and MG to work efficiently. The moving paths for construction equipment are created based on the Visibility Graph and a case study is performed to show how the paths are generated based on a given construction site.

• 기호학연구
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• no.57
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• pp.155-176
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• 2018

This article is a study of Karl Marx's manifesto and the reform in donghak for the modality and their symbolism. As a text, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' declaration on the Communist Alliance and the reform program of the peasant Donghak were choose. This Declaration and the Reformation are the works of philosophical practice discourse of the 1800s in this article, which unfolds paradigmatically, deriving its common symbolic meaning in the semiotic sense, and evolving ideologically towards a democracy free of property. In the end, these two historical incident which are published in the contemporary breath, constitute an accusation against a nonhuman policy of surveillance and punishment. Twice a day, the space of the church is transformed into a factory, the act of dividing into two categories by capitalist and work and divorcing by accident is embodied as a social ethic. It is against the phenomenon that the structure of which no man exists is no longer institutionalized. The revolutionary movement aimed at breaking the framework of this hunt manifests itself in the two manifestos mentioned above, and Karl Marx completes the culmination of the utopia that must be achieved through the Declaration of the Communist Alliance by placing his being in the position of "eternal refugee". By choosing to die in his freedom developed during Jeon Bong-joon's trial, he also completes the people's spirit of revolution. In the case of simultaneous exploitation in East and West, the form of oppression is the withdrawal of capital from domination and power, and a new alternative to this is the philosophical context that allows the establishment of a new paradigm with "man is the greatest capital".

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.42-50
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• 2019

As the industry develops in Korea, the use of hazardous chemicals is increasing rapidly and chemical accidents are increasing accordingly. Most of the chemical accidents are caused by leaks of hazardous chemicals, but there are also accidents in which all the substances are released instantaneously due to sudden high temperature/pressure or defection of the storage tanks. This is called catastrophic failure and its frequency is very low, but consequence is very huge when it occurs. In Korea, there were 15 casualties including three deaths due to catastrophic rupture of water tank in 2013, and 64 instances of failures from 1919 to 2004 worldwide. In case of catastrophic failure, it would be able to overflow outside the bund that reduces the evaporation rate and following consequence. This incident is called overtopping. Overseas, some researchers have been studying the amount of external overflow depending on bund conditions in the event of such an accident. Based on the previous research, this study identified overtopping fraction by condition of bund in accordance with Korea Chemicals Controls Act Using CFD simulation. As a result, as the height increases and the distance to the facility decreases while meeting the minimum standard of the bund capacity, the overtopping effect has decreased. In addition, by identifying the effects of overtopping according to atmospheric conditions, types of materials and shapes of bunds, this study proposes the design of the bund considering the effect of overtopping caused by catastrophic failure with different bund conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.870-874
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• 2018

In the worst maritime accidents, people should abandon ship, but ship structures are narrow and complex and operation takes place on rough seas, so escape is not easy. In particular, passengers on cruise ships are untrained and varied, making evacuation prospects worse. In such a case, the evacuation management of the crew plays a very important role. If a rescuer enters a ship at distress and conducts rescue activities, which zones represent the most effective entry should be examined. Generally, crew and rescuers take the shortest route, but if an accident occurs along the shortest route, it is necessary to select the second-best alternative. To solve this situation, this study aims to calculate evacuation routes using Q-Learning of Reinforcement Learning, which is a machine learning technique. Reinforcement learning is one of the most important functions of artificial intelligence and is currently used in many fields. Most evacuation analysis programs developed so far use the shortest path search method. For this reason, this study explored optimal paths using reinforcement learning. In the future, machine learning techniques will be applicable to various marine-related industries for such purposes as the selection of optimal routes for autonomous vessels and risk avoidance.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 2018

This study is to analyze the characteristics of the yellow insulation ring type of the CSST used for tubing when it is artificially deteriorated and damaged by burning. The CSST for tubing consists of a tube, protective coating, nut, yellow insulation ring, packing, and socket. In addition, it is thought that a yellow insulation ring and rubber packing were used to connect the tube and socket in order to improve the airtightness and insulation performance. The result of the verification of the data acquired from the tests in the 95% confidence interval shows that the Anderson-Darling (AD) and P value were analyzed to be 0.945 and 0.015, respectively. This confirms that the test data of the CSST for tubing is reliable. The analysis of the arithmetic mean of the insulation resistance of a CSST showed that the CSST damaged by burning by a torch, and the one damaged by electrical burning, was $16.7k{\Omega}$ (the greatest relatively) and $208{\Omega}$ (the lowest), respectively, while it was $1.72k{\Omega}$ in the case of a normal product. Therefore, the analysis result of the insulation resistance of the CSST collected from the scene of a fire can be utilized to examine the cause of damage by burning. In addition, it was found that when the maximum current of 97 A was applied to the CSST for about 5 s using a Primary Current Injection Test System (PCITS) the protective film and insulation ring of the CSST has no difference from that of a normal product. However, a part of the metal tube was melted.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.204-210
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• 2019

In case of a fire inside a tunnel, unlike ordinary roads, it is very difficult for a driver to obtain visibility, and a large accident is highly likely to occur. In this study, the smoke behavior, visible distance, and CO concentration of a jet fan were analyzed using the NIST fire simulation (FDS). All analyses were set to HRRPUA (Heat Release Rate Per Area) 3.6MW/m and all the analysis times were set to 600s. In all analyses by CFD, the results were confirmed at y=30m and y=110m, and smoke behavior analysis, visible range analysis, and carbon monoxide concentration were confirmed according to the diameter and flow rate. As the size and flow rate of the jet fan increased, the visibility distance was high at y=30m, and the concentration of carbon monoxide was also confirmed to be 0 ppm. Therefore, proper setting of the jet fan diameter and flow rate will be an excellent solution for fires in tunnels, and taking refuge at upstream area of a re-ventilated fan can reduce the number of casualties.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.92-100
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the 2019 Revised Nuri Curriculum and the 2015 Revised Curriculum for the comparative analysis of disaster safety education contents in the national level curriculum. The main results of this study are as follows: First, the content of disaster safety education for preschoolers in the 2019 Revised Nuri Curriculum was clarified as 'Knowing how to react in case of accident, fire, disaster, abuse, kidnap etc.' in 'Living safety' category of physical exercise and health sections. Second, in the 2015 Revised Curriculum, disaster safety education contents for elementary school students were found to have the difference between school year in same elementary school curriculum. For first and second graders, 'Disaster safety' was cleary presented in one of major categories of 'Living safety', which was newly created at the creative activity in the Revised 2015 Curriculum. On the other hand, for third to sixth graders, safety education is dispersed in the related subjects such as physical education, science, practical courses or in the creativity activity. Third, the safety contents in the Revised 2015 Curriculum for middle school and high school were also found to be dispersed in social studies, physical education, science, technology-home economics and creativity activity. The results of this study showed that the contents of disaster safety education in the national curriculum did not have continuity and systemicity from kindergarten to high school. Therefore, efforts should be made to ensure continuity and systemicity of disaster safety education contents when the national curriculum is revised in the future.