• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.558-565
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• 1993

This study was carried out to observe the effects of dietary n-6, n-3 fatty acids and vitamin A levels on serum lipid contents and hepatic tissues in rats. Sixty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 6 different experimental diets for 6 weeks. The diets were composed of 10% of either corn oil or fish oil with three levels of vitamin A ; defient (1240IU/kg diet), adequate (4000IU/kg diet), excess(400,000IU/kg diet). It was observed that triglyceride content and lipoprotein ratio in serum were not affected by dietary fat types and vitamin A levels. However, total serum cholesterol contents were significantly lower in fish oil groups than in corn oil groups, which were not affected by vitamin A levels. Under light microscope, vitamin A excess groups showed pathological abnormalites, such as fatty change and inflammation of the hepatic tissues. There abnormalities were less severe in fish oil groups. These results suggested that fish oil could be a dietary factor lowering the serum lipid contents, and it seems to relieve the abnormal changes in liver induced by excess vitamin A.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.117-121
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• 2010

Objective：The Herbal Remedy for Diabetes Mellitus-01 (HRDM-01) is composed of 11 species of medicinal plants. HRDM-01 is used as anti-hyperglycaemic agent. Anti-hyperglycaemic agents in western medicine often have hepatotoxicities. Therefore, we investigated safety of HRDM-01, especially in liver functions. Methods：We investigated the effects of HRDM-01 on liver function measuring serum AST, ALT and LDH levels and histopathological changes of liver tissue using photomicroscope. In addition, we also investigated the effects on serum lipid levels such as total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride. Results：In our experiment, single injection of streptozotocin elevated levels of AST and ALT in serum. But LDH level was not affected. In addition, our animal model showed elevated levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum. 30 days treatment with HRDM-01 lowered serum AST level. Serum levels of ALT and LDH did not affected. In addition, HRDM-01 lowered serum triglyceride level significantly. In histopathological observation, we did not find any abnormal changes in all experimental groups. Conclusions：Briefly, HRDM-01 did not elevate serum levels of ALT, LDH, total cholesterol and did not affect histopathological changes in liver tissues. Moreover, HRDM-01 lowered serum AST, triglyceride, which are elevated by induction of diabetes mellitus. These results suggest the safety of HRDM-01 in diabetic treatment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.285-292
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the fasting blood sugar and serum lipid levels (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C) and obesity indices (BMI, body fat rates, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio). The study sample consists of 1,473 manufacturing workers aged from 30 to 59 years, who underwent a health check-up at a university hospital during the period from Jan. to Dec. 2015. A data analysis was conducted to classify the subjects into the normal and abnormal groups according to their fasting blood sugar levels depending on the average values of the serum lipids and obesity indices. Multiple regression analyzes adjusted for sex and age were conducted for the factors affecting the fasting blood sugar level. As a result, the Serum TC, TG, LDL-C, BMI and waist circumference were found to be significantly higher in the abnormal fasting blood sugar level group than in the normal one, but the HDL-C was significantly lower in the abnormal group than in the normal one The fasting blood sugar level had a significant positive correlation with the TC, TG, LDL-C, BMI and waist circumference. The TC, TG, BMI and body fat were the significant factors affecting the fasting blood sugar. The above results suggest that the fasting blood sugar and serum lipid levels (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), obesity indices (BMI, body fat rates, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio) of manufacturing workers are significantly associated with each other.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.196-201
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• 2013

Abnormal regulation of glucose and impaired lipid metabolism that result from a defective or deficient insulin are the key etiological factor in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The our study evaluated the beneficial effect of diet supplementation with Lentinus edodes on hyperglycemia and lipid metabolism in normal and type 2 diabetic rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups: group I(control) rats were fed standard diet (12% of calories as fat); group II (T2DM) rats were fed HFD (40% of calories as fat) for 2 weeks and then injected with STZ (50 mg/kg); group III and group IV rats were continually fed a diet containing 1% and 10% Lentinus edodes for 4 weeks after T2DM induction, respectively. After 4 weeks we determined biochemical parameters such as glucose, insulin concentration, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration were also measured. There was a significant reduction in serum TC and TG in the Lentinus edodes supplement groups. The Lentinus edodes diet supplementation were found to have a potent lipid metabolism improvement as well as LDL concentration decreased and HDL concentration was increased. Concentrations of blood glucose and HbA1c in the experimental groups II were significantly decreased after 4 weeks compared with the control group. The Lentinus edodes diet supplementation is useful in regulating the glucose level, improves the insulin, HbA1c, serum lipid metabolism in experimental diabetic rats. We suggest that Lentinus edodes supplementation may have the control effects of diabetes mellitus by improving blood glucose control and lipid metabolism.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1307-1314
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• 1998

Chrominum (cr) plays an important role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism , and Cr deficiency impairs glucose tolerance and increases serum cholestero and triglyceride. The relationship of serum Cr with serum blucose and lipids was examined in 79 female college students in Choong-Nam areas. Subjects were divided into underweight , normal , and overweight groups according to their BMI. The average age, wiegth , height and BMI were 21.9yr, 55.9kg, 158.5cm and 22.6kg/$m^2$, respectively. Heights were not different between groups. Serum Cr and glucose concentrations werenot significantly different between groups. However, there was a tendency toward lowered serum Cr levels in under and over-weight groups. Serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were significant lower in the underweight group than in other groups. BMI had positive correlation with LDL-cholesterol , AI and LPH , and negative corelations with HDL -cholesterol /total cholesterol ratio. Low serum Cr concentration was related to increased LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol, and related to decreased HDL cholesterol in all groups . Therfore, serum Cr levels were lowered in abnormal weight groups and Cr may playan important role in coronrary heart diesease.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3230-3242
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• 2015

In this study, in an attempt to elucidate the relevance and the association between AUDIT level and health related indices such as obesity-related indices (BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage), serum liver-enzyme levels (AST, ALT, GGT, total bilirubin) and serum lipid levels (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), data about including results of health checkup examination and questionnaire from 558 male examinees of 30-79 years old, who received a comprehensive health examination in the health promotion center of a university hospital during the period of January 1 to December 31, 2012, was analysed. As a results, the distribution of AUDIT rating of subjects was Zone I 58.2%, Zone II 25.3%, Zone III 7.0%, and Zone IV 9.5%. And AUDIT levels have significant relevance with age, smoking, body fat, GGT and TG. Especially, for the waist circumference, GGT and TG, the odds ratio indicating abnormality significantly increased in the higher AUDIT groups (Zone II~Zone IV) than a low-grade group (Zone I). This suggests that drinking problem with a high AUDIT level has a significant relevance with an abnormal increase of indices for obesity, serum liver-enzyme levels, serum lipid levels.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.126-136
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• 2016

Due to poor nutrition and abnormal energy metabolism, cancer patients typically experience the loss of muscle mass. Although the diabetic conditions or dyslipidemia have been reported as a causal link of cancer but the consequence of such conditions in relation to gain or loss of skeletal muscle mass in cancer patients has not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of lean body mass and systemic parameters related to lipid metabolism in non-diabetic cancer patients using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008-2011. As results the level of serum total cholesterol (total-C) was negatively associated with both total lean body mass and appendicular lean body mass in cancer patients after adjustment for sex, physical activity, energy intake and comorbidity. The associations between consumption of dietary factors (energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat) and lean body mass were disappeared after adjusting comorbidities of cancer patients. Multivariate-adjusted linear regression analysis by quartiles of serum total-C showed that higher quartile group of total-C had significantly lower percent of lean body mass than reference group in cancer patients. The data indicate that serum lipid status can be the potential estimate of loss of skeletal muscle mass in cancer patients and be referenced in nutrition care of cancer patients under the onset of cachexia or parenteral/enteral nutrition. This data need to be confirmed with large pool of subjects and should be specified by stage of cancer or the site of cancer in future studies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.4394-4401
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of blood pressures and serum lipids, obesity indices in adults who examined health checkup. Study subjects were 2,734 adults of 20 years and over (1,344 males, 1,390 females), who underwent health package check-up at an university hospital during one year of 2012. We observed the age, sex, SBP, DBP, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, AI, BMI, body fat rate and waist circumference of study subjects after confirmed IRB of the hospital. As a results, TC, TG, AI was significantly higher in the group of hypertension than that of normotensive in both sex, but in only female, HDL-C and LDL-C was higher in the each group of normotensive and hypertension. BMI, body fat rate and waist circumference was significantly higher in the group of hypertension than that of normotensive in both sex. SBP and DBP was positive correlated with TC, TG, AI, BMI, body fat rate and waist circumference, but HDL-C and LDL-C was each correlated with positive and negative in female only. Age-adjusted odds ratio for hypertension by blood serum lipids and obesity indices was significantly increased in the group of abnormal than normal of TC, TG, BMI, but HDL-C and waist circumference was each increased in the abnormal group of female, and in the abnormal group of male. Above results suggested that the blood pressure related with serum lipid levels and obesity indices.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.41-64
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was to evaluate the effect of Jaeumkanghwa-tang (JEKHT) on the propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced rat hypothyroidism. Methods: Six groups, each of 8 rats per group were used in the present study - intact vehicle control, PTU control, Levothyroxine ($LT_4$), JEKHT 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg treated groups. JEKHT were administered once a day for 42 days as an oral dose of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, and hypothyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous treatment of PTU 10 mg/kg for 28 days. The changes on the body and organ weight, serum hormone and lipid profiles, liver and testis antioxidant defense factors were observed with histopathology of organs. Results were compared with $LT_4$ 0.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally treated rats in this experiment. Results: PTU treatment, marked decrease of body weight, increases of thyroid weight, decreases of liver, testis, epididymis and prostate weights, decreases of serum Tri-iodothyronine ($T_3$), and Thyroxine ($T_4$) level with increase of serum Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level, decreases of serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) level with increases of serum Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) level, increases of serum High density lipoprotein (HDL), decrease of triglyceride content, increase of serum Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level, decreases of liver and testis antioxidant defense factors were observed. In addition, marked hyperplasia of follicular cells with decreases of follicular colloid contents and diameters was additionally demonstrated with the decrease of hepatocyte numbers per unit area due to hypertrophy of hepatocytes related to lipid droplet depositions, increase of a/oligospermatic epididymal tubules with epididymal atrophic changes, seminiferous tubular atrophy with decrease of stage I~II seminiferous tubules in testis, prostate tubular atrophic changes at histopathological inspections. However, these PTU induced hypothyroidism and related hepatic and male reproductive organ damages were favorably and dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of JEKHT 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, and JEKHT also effectively regulated the PTU-induced abnormal antioxidant defense factor changes in the both liver and testis. Conclusions: JEKHT 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg dose-dependently inhibited PTU-induced hypothyroidism and related liver and male reproductive organ damages in rats.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.64-72
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• 2002

Objective: Ramulus mori (RM) has been known to be effective for the treatment of obesity. To show the effectiveness of RM in a more scientific way, RM extract was prepared and evaluated in high fat diet rats by measuring the changes of body weight and lipid metabolism as described briefly below. Methods: 200 g of crushed RM was extracted withmethyl alcohol. The extract was evaporated under reduced pressure to give 33.4 g. For 10 weeks, control group rats were fed a high fat diet, while the test group rats were fed with the same diet plus RM extract. The normal group was fed with a normal diet. 150 mg of RM extract per 1 kg of body weight was added to the diet in the test group rats. Results: The control group rats on the high fat diet gained weight significantly, whereas the test group rats on the high fat diet plus RM extract gamed less weight. The significant increase of liver weight caused by the high fat diet was also inhibited by the RM extract treatment. Total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels of serum in the high fat diet rats were remarkably increased, whereastheir levels on the high fat diet plus RM extract were less increased. While serum HDL-cholesterol levels were remarkably decreased in the high fat diet, its level was less decreased in the high fat diet plus RM extract. Furthermore, we observed that the activities of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase increased under the high fat diet, while their activities under the high fat diet plus RM extract were getting back nearly to the normal levels of the normal diet rats. Conclusions: These result show that the obesity caused by a high fat diet was effectively inhibited by an RM extract. Our results also showed that the abnormal lipid metabolism caused by a high fat diet was effectively cured by adding RM extract.