• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2008

Inflammation is the complex biological response of injured tissues to harmful stimuli. A cascade of biochemical events propagates and matures the inflammatory response, involving the local vascular system, the immune system, and various cells within the injured tissue. The immune system is often involved with inflammatory disorders, demonstrated in both allergic reactions and some myopathies, with many immune system disorders resulting in abnormal inflammation. An Arbitrary Waveform Generator (AWG) is a piece of electronic test equipment used to generate electrical waveforms for the treatment of patients. The patients with gastritis and arthritis have been known to have a relatively favorable prognosis with AWG treatment. Accordingly, we examined the effects of AWG treatment in gastritis and arthritis animal model. The compound 48/80 was used to induce animal gastritis model. The tissue malone dialdehyde (MDA) and serum histamine levels, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in stomach tissue were measured. The tissue MDA and serum histamine levels in AWG treated groups exhibited the decreased tendency compared with control group, whereas the tissue SOD activity was slightly increased. The Freund's complete adjuvant was used to induce animal arthritis model as well. The paw edema volume and the width of ankle joint were determined. The AWG treatment significantly decreased the paw edema volume after 5th day of treatment. Although further studies should be performed to confirm the effects of AWG treatment, present study suggest that AWG treatment might be used as a complementary treatment for the gastritis or arthritis treatment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.2108-2114
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• 2011

I examine propping within chaebolgroups, using changes of bond rating events made by corporate credit evaluation institutions. Much studies related to the internal capital market and tunneling have enhanced our understanding of the important function of chaebolgroups in emerging market, but relatively little is known about propping within affiliated firms. In a common sense, propping implies capital reallocation within affiliated firms to save a financially troubled affiliate. In event study on announcement the changes of corporate bond rating, I found most positive numbers in chaebolgroup's CAR. Particularly when lower change than higher change, decrease ratio of CAR is higher positively in chaebolgroups, which relatively shows that there is more propping effects in chaebolgroups than non-chaebolgroups. In multi-regression analysis, after strengthen restriction of internal mutual investment, propping effects are decreased positively in chaebolgroups than non-chaebolgroups when credit rating adjust lower, which implies there was more propping in chaebolgroups.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.601-609
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• 2016

Recently, extreme climate change has been occurring globally not only in the simple form of temperature increases but also in a wide range of extreme climatic events, such as abnormal drought conditions and frequent typhoons. In addition, climate change is delaying the construction period of concrete structures, increasing related economic losses. Forcing construction projects for completion without considering climate change is leading to concrete quality deterioration, poor quality constructions, and consequent casualties and property damage. Therefore, to address these problems and provide a countermeasure to climate change, the present study selected wind speed, and sunlight exposure time as the most important curing conditions among the climate factors affecting concrete structures and examined their effects on the curing and durability of concrete structures. In addition, for the analysis of the experimental results, this study proposed a process of performance based evaluation (PBE) of concrete strength and durability using a method of Satisfaction Curve (SC) generation.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.171-188
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• 2012

A GoldSim template program for a safety assessment of a hybrid-typed repository system, called "A-KRS," in which two kinds of pyro-processed radioactive wastes, low-level metal wastes and ceramic high-level wastes that arise from the pyro-processing of PWR nuclear spent fuels are disposed of, has been developed. This program is ready both for a deterministic and probabilistic total system performance assessment which is able to evaluate nuclide release from the repository and farther transport into the geosphere and biosphere under various normal, disruptive natural and manmade events, and scenarios. The A-KRS has been deterministically assessed with 5 various normal and abnormal scenarios associated with nuclide release and transport in and around the repository. Dose exposure rates to the farming exposure group have been evaluated in accordance with all the scenarios and then compared among other.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.1 s.65
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• pp.78-90
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• 2006

Background : Traditional herbal medicine is used extensively among the Korean populations, and other Asian countries employ similar therapies as well. In recent years, extensive focus was laid on adulteration of the herbal medicine with liver damage. The use of herbal preparations as remedies for various medical conditions has continuously increased in Korea. Large proportions of Korean patients use herbal medicinal products, folk remedies, and health food. However, studies on the safety of herbal products are conducted on a less than sufficient basis even in the countries like Korea where herbal medicine is being used extensively. Some of the reports on the safety of herbs were done by the doctors of western medicine but lack of knowledge and misclassification led to misunderstandings. Objectives : This study aims to verify the evidences on safety of frequently used 4 herbal medications (Sipjeondaebo-tang, Bojungikgi-tang, Ohjeok-San, Yukmaijihwang-tang) in the lab animal model. Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats was treated by 4 herbal medications during 31 days. After 1 month, we checked body weight, liver weight, and serum enzyme associated with liver function. Results : There is no significant difference in body weight and liver weight after 1 month of administrations. In all experimental groups, no abnormal findings was observed in histotogical research and lab liver Functions test(AST, ALT etc). Conclusions : These four herbal medications, frequently used in oriental medicine clinics and hospitals, are safe from hepatoxic events in the lab animal model.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1019-1022
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• 2016

Background: Diagnostic difficulties in hematological malignancies may lead to unacceptably prolonged help-seeking to diagnostic interval as well as increased complications and poor outcomes. Proactive consultation by a clinical pathologist (PCCP) may help clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategy. Hence, the aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of PCCP on the help-seeking to diagnostic interval in hematological cancer cases. Materials and Methods: From January to November, 2015, abnormal results of hematological laboratory testing with added laboratory comment were selectively screened out, and patients with such abnormalities in hematological laboratory testing and accompanied laboratory comment with PCCP were enrolled. Results: A total of 125 aberrant results of hematological laboratory testing were given with accompanied laboratory comments with PCCP and 40.8% (n=51) of these patient-oriented comments had an effect on clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategy. Twelve of the subjects belonged to newly diagnosed hematological malignancies with the assistance of PCCP, and the help-seeking to diagnostic interval was also shortened from 42 days to 26 days in chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL), from 83 days to 11 days in multiple myeloma (MM), and from 128 days to 15 days in myelodysplastic syndrome/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MDS/MPN). During the monitoring interval, neither complication events nor deaths were reported in the study group. Conclusions: It was seemingly that PCCP prevented diagnostic delay in hematological malignancies via shortening the help-seeking to diagnostic interval, particularly in CLL, MM and MDS/MPN cases. PCCP can be considered to play an essential role in prompt establishment of diagnosis in hematological malignancies for those who newly present.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.84-107
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• 2011

Purposes : The purpose of present study is to detect the effects of ointment contained Takrisodok-Eum on the skin barrier's recovery of the Atopic dermatitis. Methods : A total of 44 patients who visited Semyung Oriental Medical Center from April 27th, 2011 to September 20th, 2011 were included in the study. In this study, the patients were treated with Takrisodok-Eum (experimental group) and positive control group. For 8 weeks of gross examination, hematological examination and instrumental asessment were made before and after the study to examine how well the products for experimental group with those for control group in recovering the damaged skin barriers by Atopic dermatitis. Results : 1. In the primary endpoint, SCORAD Index showed a statistically significant decline in experimental group. 2. In the secondary endpoint index of skin hydration, both the experimental group and the control group showed statistical significance. 3. In the secondary endpoint index of TEWL, the experimental group showed greater statistical significance than the control group. 4. In the secondary endpoint index of skin pH, skin pH showed a statistically significant decline in both the control group and the experimental group within the normal range. 5. In the secondary endpoint index of Total IgE, Eosinophil count, IL-10, IL-13, both the experimental group and the control group showed no statistical significance. 6. To evaluate the safety of the products for the human body, hematological examination and hematological biochemical examination, vital sign check were conducted; both control group and experimental group showed no abnormal level. And There were no severe adverse events during this study. Therefore, it is suggested that the safety of the products, if used for certain period, should be safe for the human body. Conclusions : According to the above experiments, it is suggested that Takrisodok-Eum should be effective for the Atopic dermatitis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.403-409
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• 2014

Purpose: Although high morning blood pressure (BP) is known to be associated with the onset of cardiovascular events in adults, data on its effects in children with hypertension are limited. Our retrospective study aimed to define the clinical characteristics of children with morning hypertension (MH) and to determine its associated factors. Methods: We reviewed 31 consecutive patients with hypertension, confirmed by the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). We divided these patients into 2 groups: the MH group (n=21, 67.7%), morning BP above the 95th percentile for age and height (2 hours on average after waking up) and the normal morning BP group (n=10, 32.3%). We compared the clinical manifestations, laboratory results, and echocardiographic findings including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) between the groups. Results: The early/atrial (E/A) mitral flow velocity ratio in the MH group was significantly lower than that in the normal morning BP group. In addition, LV mass was higher in the MH group than in the normal morning BP group, although the difference was not statistically significant. The age at the time of hypertension diagnosis was significantly higher in the MH group than in the normal morning BP group (P =0.003). The incidence of hyperuricemia was significantly higher in the MH group than in the normal morning BP group. Conclusion: Older patients and those with hyperuricemia are at higher risk for MH. The rise in BP in the morning is an important factor influencing the development of abnormal relaxation, as assessed by echocardiography. Clinical trials with longer follow-up periods and larger sample sizes are needed to clarify the clinical significance of MH.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.325-330
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• 2011

RCP(Reactor coolant pump) must be designed to preserve it's functions on normal or abnormal environments and seismic event same as operating basis earthquake(OBE) and safe shutdown earthquake(SSE). Generally, there are static and dynamic analytical method which can be applied by a floor response spectrum or time history analysis for the seismic qualification. Initially, It was accomplished a detailed structural FE-model for finite element analysis on the bases of 3-dimensional solid model which was made by the RCP drawing. As the result of dynamic characteristic using the detailed FE-model, it's shown about 12Hz natural frequency of 1st bending mode shape and maximum displacement has 11mm with the structural bending by single-point response spectrum(SPRS) method at all elevation. But maximum displacement has 7.6mm by multi-point response spectrum(MPRS) method which was applied to the three floor response spectrum at each elevation. Therefore, On a large heighten structures as RCP, The application by SPRS method causes to be more conservative results. Finally, A simpled equivalent beam model which was developed by use of iteration of detailed FE-model is shown the result more similar with those of natural frequencies and SPRS analysis. And maximum equivalent stress and displacement of the simpled beam has verified with 180MPa and 7.1mm each at 15sec as results by SSE time history method.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.95-103
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• 2010

Objectives : Abnormal movements are among the most common psychogenic symptoms, and psychogenic movement disorders(PMD) are estimated to account for 2-3% of patients in movement disorders clinics. Psychogenic tremor is the most frequent symptoms among psychogenic movement disorders. There are no treatment studies specific to PMD and lack any generally accepted treatment strategies. Methods : In this case, a 40 years old women had been suffered from head tremor for 4-5 years without any evidence for other neurological disorders and medical problems. Her symptom caused by stress events and severity of symptom had been change the level of by stress. We treated her with korean traditional herbal medicine(Chengsimyeonjatang), Qigong-based Stress Reduction Program(BQSRP), Giungoroen(wise saying and lofty opinion) and Gyeongjapyeongji(desensitizing the unease) for 2 months. Results : After treatment, the severity and frequency of the head tremors were decreased. In addition, anxiety level also decreased. Conclusions : This result suggests that our oriental medical treatments was effective on psychogenic tremor.