• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.345-362
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• 2024

MRI plays an important role in abdominal imaging because of its ability to detect and characterize focal lesions. However, MRI examinations have several challenges, such as comparatively long scan times and motion management through breath-holding maneuvers. Techniques for reducing scan time with acceptable image quality, such as parallel imaging, compressed sensing, and cutting-edge deep learning techniques, have been developed to enable problem-solving strategies. Additionally, free-breathing techniques for dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, such as extra-dimensional-volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination, golden-angle radial sparse parallel, and liver acceleration volume acquisition Star, can help patients with severe dyspnea or those under sedation to undergo abdominal MRI. We aimed to present various advanced abdominal MRI techniques for reducing the scan time while maintaining image quality and free-breathing techniques for dynamic imaging and illustrate cases using the techniques mentioned above. A review of these advanced techniques can assist in the appropriate interpretation of sequences.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.545-549
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• 2014

Sparganosis is an infection with a parasitic tapeworm larva that occurs by eating infected foods or drinking contaminated water. The larvae can migrate to a tissue or muscle in the chest, abdominal wall, extremities, eyes, brain, urinary tract, pleura, pericardium, spinal canal, or scrotum. Herein, we report a 5-month old infant with scrotal sparganosis who was initially suspected to have a scrotal inflammatory mass with a history of applying raw frog meat into the umbilicus. Preoperative ultrasound examinations and computed tomography (CT) scanning misdiagnosed the mass as a scrotal teratoma. The scrotal mass was surgically removed, and the histopathology proved it to be scrotal sparganosis. This case displays the youngest patient ever reported with scrotal sparganosis, and the first description of CT characteristics of scrotal sparganosis. A detailed medical history is necessary for patients with scrotal masses suspected of sparganosis. In addition, ultrasound and CT examinations are helpful to rule out other causes of a scrotal mass.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.569-571
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• 2005

Mesenteric cysts are one of the least common intraabdominal lesions, which are very rare in neonates. Among mesenteric cysts, a chylous cyst is the rarest one of all. This entity can be found anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract from the duodenum to the rectum. Mesenteric cysts may be asymptomatic and found on routine examinations, or can present with symptoms such as abdominal pain, palpable mass, abdominal distension and intestinal obstruction. We report a rare case of chylous mesenteric cyst in a neonate, who presented with symptoms of the intestinal obstruction along with the review of the literature.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.286-289
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• 2016

Two dogs (Case 1: Poodle, 4 years old, spayed female; Case 2: Bulldog, 3 years old, intact female) were referred to us for treatment of vomiting; Case 1 had a history of acute vomiting that started 1 day prior to presentation, and Case 2 had a history of chronic vomiting that started 2 years prior to presentation. The vomiting did not respond to medication in the local animal hospital. Results from abdominal ultrasound examinations showed that case 1 had gastric wall thickening, and case 2 had no remarkable findings. For both cases, we performed gastrointestinal endoscopic examinations, and several biopsy samples were obtained from different gastric areas. On the basis of the results of histopathological examinations, both dogs were diagnosed with atrophic gastritis concurrent with a Helicobacter infection. Clinical signs improved after antibiotic therapy. This case report describes the clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological findings of atrophic gastritis concurrent with a Helicobacter infection.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.246-252
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• 2010

The purpose of this study provides measurements of radiation dose from MDCT of head, chest, abdomen and pelvic examinations. A series of dose quantities that are measured of patient weight to compare the dose received during MDCT examinations. Data collected included: weight together with CT dose descriptors, volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP). The effective dose was also estimated and served as collective dose estimation data. Data from 1,774 adult patients attending for a CT examination of the head (n=520) or chest (n=531) or abdomen (n=724) was obtained from spiral CT units using a same CT protocol. Mean values of CTDIvol was a range of 48.6 mGy for head and 6.9, 10.5 mGy for chest, abdomen examinations, respectively. And mean values of DLP was range of 1,604 $mGy{\cdot}cm$ for head, 250 $mGy{\cdot}cm$ for chest, 575 $mGy{\cdot}cm$ for abdomen examinations, respectively. Mean effective dose values for head, chest, abdominal CT were 3.6, 4.2, and 8.6 mSv, respectively. The degree of CTDIvol and DLP was a positive correlation with weight. And there was a positive correlation for weight versus CTDIvol ($r^2$=0.62), DLP ($r^2$=0.694) in chest. And head was also positive correlation with weight versus CTDIvol ($r^2$=0.691), DLP ($r^2$=0.741). We conclude that CTDIvol and DLP is an important determinant of weight within the CT examinations. The results for this study suggest that CT protocol should be tailored according to patient weight.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.155-160
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• 2018

A 6-year-old intact female Shih-tzu dog was referred due to anorexia. Physical examination, complete blood count, serum chemical analysis, radiography, and ultrasonography were evaluated. Physical examination and hematological analysis showed normal findings. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound revealed well-defined masses in the spleen. Other abdominal organs showed no significant abnormalities. Tissue samples taken via sono-guided fine needle aspiration of the splenic mass showed many bare nuclei, which were variable in size. Results of histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses performed after splenectomy were consistent with paraganglioma. Based on these findings, we diagnosed this patient with a paraganglioma of splenic origin. Two months after splenectomy, abdominal ultrasonography revealed a new neoplastic lesion in the liver. The clients refused further management and the patient expired three months after initial diagnosis. Necropsy as well as histopathological and IHC examinations of other systemic organs including the liver, adrenal gland, kidney, brain, urinary bladder, lung, aortic body, carotid body, and pancreas were performed. The neoplastic tissue in the liver also demonstrated features of a paraganglioma, and there were no remarkable findings in all other organs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.302-306
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• 2010

One dog and a cat with a history of diarrhea, anorexia and depression were referred. They showed normal laboratory examination results. Radiographic findings included a mid abdominal mass with ill-defined margin and serosal detail loss of peritoneal space. On abdominal ultrasonography, the round mass with heterogenous parenchymal echogenicty with irregular contour was found. It revealed as inflammation through ultrasound guide fine needle aspiration. After surgical removal of the masses in both cases, the clinical signs were resolved and focal pyogranuloma was confirmed through histopathologic examinations.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.69-72
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• 2018

Mucinous adenocarcinoma occurs in 1.6-25.4% of patients with colorectal cancer. We report a case of a 27-year-old man with negative findings on initial colonoscopic biopsy, but finally diagnosed with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon. After undergoing an abdominal CT due to persistent abdominal pain, he was transferred to our hospital. The abdominal CT showed a diffuse and irregular wall thickening in the distal transverse colon. Due to the edema and stenosis of colonic wall, it was difficult to insert the colonoscope into the proximal region; a biopsy revealed chronic colitis with lymphofollicular hyperplasia. Transverse colectomy and lymph node dissection were performed. The diagnosis was mucinous adenocarcinoma of approximately 20×4.5 cm. Compared to adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma is found in a younger population with an advanced stage and is less responsive to palliative chemotherapy. Therefore, recalcitrant abdominal pain even in young people warrants early detection through appropriate examinations such as abdominal CT and colonoscopy.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.47-52
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• 2012

Objectives The purpose of this study is to know the effect of Baekhogainsam-Tang on alopecia areata. Methods We decided the treatment principle through abdominal examinations and symptoms. We used herbal medicine (Baekhogainsam-Tang) to increase the roots of hair and hair. Results After the treatment, patients' hair condition had been improved (Hair loss patch diameter decreased from 2.5 cm to 0.5 cm). In addition, patient's physical symptoms were improved. Conclusions This case shows that herbal medicine, which focused on patient's physical symptom, is seemed to be effective in alopecia areata.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.230-240
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• 2012

The hornless Australian burrowing mayfly genus Ulmerophlebia Demoulin (Leptophlebiidae) is revised based on comprehensive examinations of adult and larval material collected throughout Australia. Two new species [Ulmerophlebia deani n. sp. and U. minuta n. sp.] and three named species [U. annulata (Harker), U. mjobergi (Ulmer) and U. pipinna Suter] are included. The larva of U. deani can be distinguished by the moderately developed apicomedial expansion of gills and W-shaped markings on the abdominal terga. The male adult of U. minuta can be easily distinguished by the greatly reduced penes. Descriptions, diagnoses, line-drawings of key characters, material and distributional data, taxonomic remarks and adult and larval keys are provided.