• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.183-193
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• 2006

Several metalliferous and coal mines, including Seojin and Okdong located at the Kangwon province, were abandoned or closed since 1989 due to the mining industry promotion policy and thus disposed an enormous amount of mining wastes without a proper treatment facilities, resulting in water and soil pollution in the downstream areas. However, no quantitative assessment was made on soil and water pollution by the transport of mining wastes such as acid mine drainage, mine tailing, and rocky waste. In this research, total and fractional concentrations of heavy metals in mining wastes were analyzed and accordingly the degree of water and soil pollutions in the stream area were quantitatively assessed employing the several pollution indices. Concentrations of Ni, Cd, and Pb in soils near the abandoned coal mine areas were 1,240.0, 25.0 and 1,093.0 mg/kg, respectively, and these concentrations were higher than those in soils near the closed metalliferous mine areas. Also Cu concentrations in soils near the tailing dams were about 1967 mg/kg, which is considered as very polluted level. Results demonstrated that soil at the abandoned mine areas were highly contaminated by AMO, tailing, and effluents of the mining wastes. Therefore, a prompt countermeasure on the mining waste treatment and remediation of the codntaminated water and soil should be made to the abandoned or closed metalliferous and coal mines located at the abandoned mine area.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2001년도 정기총회 및 제3회 특별지포지움
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• pp.75-89
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• 2001

국내 폐석탄 광산은 334 개, 폐금속 광산은 약 900 여개로 알려져 있다. 이러한 폐광산에서는 환경오염과 지반침하 등 안전문제가 발생하고 있다. 폐광산에서 환경오염은 주로 폐갱도, 채굴적 그리고 광산폐기물 적치장에서 유출되는 산성광산배수 문제와 중금속이 함유된 광산폐기물의 침식 및 유실로 인한 주변 토양오염 등을 들 수 있다. 폐석탄 광산 및 폐금속 광산의 갱내수를 조사 분석한 결과, 일부 폐광산 갱내수들은 산성수이며 금속성분이 고농도로 함유된 폐수로 나타나고 폐탄광 배수의 수질은 지역적으로 차이가 있다. 폐광산배수의 정화는 물리화학적 처리시 막대한 운영비가 소요되므로 폐갱도 석회석 충전과 소택지 등 자연정화처리법으로 처리되고 있다. 현재 폐금속 광산 폐기물은 환경오염 방지를 위해 주로 매립법으로 복구되고 있다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2000

A study on the remediation of heavily for ion contaminated soils from abandoned iron mine was carried out, using ex-situ extraction process. Also, oxalic acid as a complex agent was evaluated as a function of concentration, reaction time and mixing ratio of washing agent in order to evaluate Fe removability of the soil contaminated from the abandoned iron mine. Oxalic acid showed a better extraction performance than 0.1N-HCl, i.e., the concentrations of Fe ion extracted from the abandoned mine for the former at uncontrolled pH and the latter were 1,750 ppm and 1,079 ppm, respectively. The optimum washing condition of oxalic acid was in the ratio of 1:5 and 1:10 between soil and acid solution during l hr reaction. The total concentrations of Fe ion by oxalic acid and EDTA at three repeated extraction, were 4,554 ppm and 864 ppm, respectively. The recovery of Fe ions from washing solution was achieved, forming hydroxide precipitation and metal sulfide under excess of calcium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. In addition, the amounted of sodium sulfide and calcium hydroxide for the optimal revovery of Fe were 15g/$\ell$ and 5g/$\ell$ from the oxalic acid complexes, respectively.

• 기술사
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.42-44
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• 2006

Soil contamination, river pollution from abandoned mine makes dangerous condition for life. It must analysis the origin and solve the target. We need the technical development and the budget much more for environmental pollution.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.197-204
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• 1999

The extent of heavy metal pollution in agricultural in soils near the abandoned mine land site was investigated using their concentrations from the 47 sampling sites in B mine. Samples were prepared using 0.1N HCI - Korean Standard Methods - and then analysed for Cd, Cu, Pb, As and Cr by Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer. In addition, soil and mine tailing samples were sequentially extracted to investigate the chemical speciation of heavy metals in them. The soils in the vicinity of mining area are highly contaminated by heavy metals ranging up to 5.96mg Cd/kg, 253.3mg Cu/kg, 76.7mg Pb/kg, and 15.45 mg As/kg, according to the analysis of Korean Standard Methods. The heavy metal levels by the sequential extraction are much higher than its level by Korean Standard Methods, and little correlated with each other. Based on the results, it is suggested that the As pollution in agricultural soils near the AMLS should be dealt as of prior significance in establishing reclamation strategies for the area.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.111-129
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• 2007

Industrial heritage artifacts may include the industrial products, technologies and infrastructures that have contributed to modernization beginning with the Industrial Revolution. The history of our industrial heritage spans 50 to 150 years and can be characterized by taking into account the site and the technology. This paper analyzes 13 precedents in Japan, Canada, and the United States in terms of these concerns, with focus on the reuse of abandoned mines as industrial heritage. Field surveys and interviews about each abandoned mine were used to obtain historical records and material. The results describe progress in three phases (1) recognizing phase, (2) organizing phase, and (3) maintenance management phase. A proper methodology for reuse is necessary to ensure the authenticity of the abandoned mine, particularly in the face of poor tourism-oriented approaches. As a result of analyzing the 13 cases, we determined that the following principles should be considered during the reuse process. Firstly, reuse of abandoned mines should not be compulsory but should be a spontaneous process and especially, should be carried out by inhabitants. Secondly, education and real experiences in the abandoned mine should be used to ive visitors a feeling of authenticity. Thirdly, creative remodeling methods can be used to enhance the abandoned mine's facilities and the site. Finally, historic and new functions should be the focus of the revitalization. Because this paper mainly focused on 13 precedents, there are likely more diverse cases. However, the conclusions of this report have practical value for reuse of abandoned mines and can be used in establishing methods for reusing Korean abandoned mines as industrial heritage.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.527-532
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• 2010

Exposure to lead, particularly at chronic low-dose levels, is still a major public health concern. The present study is aimed to evaluate the blood lead levels in populations resident in some abandoned mine areas of Chungbuk, Korea. Eight hundreds and sixty-six subjects who reside in abandoned mine area located in Chungbuk, Korea, were enrolled this study. We evaluated the blood lead level according to the age, gender, and working history in mines. For statistical analysis, SPSS ver 12.0 was used. The geometric mean blood lead levels was $2.93\;{\mu}g/{\ell}$ and nobody showed levels over the guidelines of WHO. Ex-smokers and current-smokers showed significantly higher blood lead levels compared to that of non-smokers. The blood lead levels in individuals with a history of working in a mine was higher than those in individuals without such histories. The populations resident in some Chungbuk abadoned mine area showed low levels of lead in blood. This suggest that lead poisoning might not be induced by abandoned mine in Chungbuk, Korea.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.6869-6877
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• 2015

본 연구는 생태체계적 관점에서 폐광지역주민의 생활만족도에 영향을 주는 요인을 살펴봄으로써 폐광지역 주민의 생활만족도를 향상시키는 방안을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 본 연구의 대상자는 폐광지역에 거주하고 있는 30세 이상 주민 195명이며 2014년 4월 3일부터 20일까지 구조화된 설문조사를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 폐광지역 주민의 정신건강 정도는 일반정신건강 척도(KGHQ)를 사용하여 측정하였고, 생활만족도는 생활만족도 척도를 사용하여 알아보았다. 폐광지역 주민의 생활만족도는 중간보다 조금 높은 수준으로 미래생활만족도가 가장 낮게 나타났다. 미시체계 요인군의 정신건강이 생활만족도가 영향을 주고 있었는데 하부 변수인 우울과 불안이 낮을수록 생활만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 중간체계 요인에서는 생활만족도에 영향을 주는 요인이 나타나지 않았다. 거시체계 요인에서는 폐광지역 개발지원에 관한 특별법 시행이 생활만족도에 영향을 주고 있었다. 따라서 폐광지역주민의 생활만족도를 향상시키기 위하여 거시체계요인의 경제 활성화 정책의 지속적인 시행과 미시체계요인의 건강한 정신을 유지하기 사회적 및 정서적 지지를 위한 실천적 전략의 모색이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.93-108
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• 2013

This study is aimed to prepare the effective detail survey methods(Phase II) of abandoned metal mines through the contamination assessment for mine types and facilities in the abandoned metal mine areas. The study sites of 12 abandoned mines are located in Gyeonggi-do and Gangwon-do and those were chosen among 310 sites that the Phase II survey was conducted from 2007 to 2009 after considering the results of Phase I for abandoned mines scattered all over the country. 12 study sites were classified into four types; Type I sites only have pit mouth. Type II sites have pit mouth and mine-waste field. Type III sites have pit mouth and tailing sorting field. Type IV sites have pit mouth, tailing sorting field and concentrator(s). In forest land, paddy soil and farm land of Type I, As and Cd were showed average concentration, and Cu and Pb were high on the pit mouth area in one mines where the pit mouth was developed within 500 m. In the mines of Type II, Cu and Pb were showed average concentration too, but As and Cd were slightly high in pit mouth and mine-waste field. The mines of Type III which had grinding particle process through physical separation milling or hitting showed similar tendency with Type II. However, mines of Type IV pit mouth, mine-waste field and showed various results depending on defining the contamination sources. For example, if contamination source was pit mouth, the mixed results of Type I, II, II were showed. In tailing sorting field which was regarded as the most important source and having high mobility, however, if there were no facilities or it was difficult to access directly, field sampling was missed occasionally during phase I and phase II survey. For that reason, the assessment for tailing sorting field is missed and it leads to completely different results. In the areas of Type I mines, the concentration of heavy metals exceeded precautionary standards of soil contamination or not within 1,000 meters of pit mouth. Nickel(Ni) was the largest factor of the heavy metal contamination in this type. The heavy metals except Arsenic(As) were shown high levels of concentration in Type II areas, where pit mouth and mine-waste field were operated for making powder in upriver region; therefore, to the areas in the vicinity of midstream and downstream, the high content of heavy metals were shown. The tendency of high level of heavy metals and toxic materials contained in flotation agent used during sorting process were found in soil around sorting and tailing field. In the abandoned-pit-mouth area, drygrinding area and tailing sorting field area, the content of Cupper(Cu) and Zinc(Zn) were higher than other areas. Also, the contaminated area were larger than mine reclamation area(2,000 m) and the location of tailing sorting field was one of the important factors to estimate contaminated area.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.363-370
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• 2005

There are approximately 2,000 metallic mines which have been abandoned in Korea. Most of the mines are located in the watershed area, which is main source of drinking water for Seoul Metropolitan area. Untreated mining wastes are remained around abandoned mines in study area. These mining wastes, flowing into farmland and stream in the downstream of abandoned mines, would cause water and soil pollution. The mining waste samples from Guedo mine, Manjung mine and Joil mine recently abandoned were collected for the evaluation of the potential of water pollution by mine waste. Index of geoaccumulation($M\"{u}ller$, 1979), fractional composition and removal efficiency of some heavy metals by different concentration of HCl treatment were analyzed. Index of geoaccumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cr are 6, $4{\sim}6,\;0{\sim}6,\;4{\sim}5$, 2 and 0 respectively. Index of geoaccumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu reveals the mining wastes has high pollution pottential in the area. Organic fraction of Cu, reducible fraction of Pb, residual fraction of Ni and Zn were the most abundant fraction of heavy metals in mining wastes.