• 제목/요약/키워드: a-value

검색결과 67,756건 처리시간 0.074초

값 예측 오류를 위한 순차적이고 선택적인 복구 방식 (Sequential and Selective Recovery Mechanism for Value Misprediction)

  • 이상정;전병찬
    • 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
    • /
    • 제31권1_2호
    • /
    • pp.67-77
    • /
    • 2004
  • 고성능 슈퍼스칼라 프로세서에서 값 예측(value prediction) 방식은 명령의 결과 값을 미리 예측하고, 이 후 데이타 종속 관계가 있는 명령들에게 값을 조기에 공급함으로써 이들 명령들을 모험적으로 실행하여 성능을 향상시키는 방식이다. 값 예측으로 성능을 향상시키기 위해서는 예측 실패 시에 효율적으로 복구하는 과정이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 값 예측 실패 시에 잘못 예측된 값을 사용하여 모험적으로 수행된 명령들만을 순차적으로 취소하고 복구한 후에 재이슈하는 값 예측 실패 복구 메커니즘(value misprediction recovery mechanism)을 제안한다. 제안된 복구 방식은 한번에 모든 종속명령들을 검색하지 않음으로써 파이프라인을 정지시키지 않는다. 즉, 파이프라인이 진행되는 순서에 따라 순차적으로 값 예측이 틀린 종속명령만을 선택적으로 취소하고 재이슈하여 불필요한 취소와 재이슈를 줄임으로써 값 예측 실패 시에 손실을 줄인다.

주거가치에 따른 코하우징 거주의사에 관한 연구 (A Study on Intention to live in Cohousing According to Housing Value)

  • 조정현;홍서정;곽유미;곽인숙;최정신
    • 한국주거학회논문집
    • /
    • 제18권5호
    • /
    • pp.103-111
    • /
    • 2007
  • This is a basic study to investigate possibility to application of cohousing model into Korea. Purpose of this study is to grasp respondents' housing value, and its influence on intention to live in cohousing. Research method used for this study was a social survey. Respondents were 214 married people residing in Seoul and its outskirts by accidential sampling. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program using frequency, mean, average, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, multiple regression and legit analysis. Result of this study was as follows. Housing values were classified into three categories named as individualism oriented housing value, tradition oriented housing value, and economy oriented housing value. Housing values were different by respondents groups. For example, individualism oriented housing value showed difference according to age and housing area. Tradition oriented housing value showed difference according to sex, occupation, and period of residence, while economy oriented housing value showed difference according to housing type, and home ownership. In detail, men than women, single-income family than double-income family, and detached house resident than flat resident had higher tradition oriented housing value. The younger than the elder, and Seoul resident than outskirts resident had higher economy oriented housing value. Also home owner than tenant, and the higher tradition oriented group had stronger intention to live in cohousing than others.

도시재생사업의 의사결정 지원을 위한 가치체계 관리 방안 (The Method of Value System Management to support decision-making of Urban Regeneration Project)

  • 강현구;유정호;김창덕;손보식
    • 한국건설관리학회논문집
    • /
    • 제10권4호
    • /
    • pp.139-150
    • /
    • 2009
  • 도시재생의 패러다임은 재개발사업과 같은 물리적 개발 정비가 아닌 중심상업 업무기능을 포함한 행정 관리기능, 광역적인 문화 관광기능, 국제적 기능, 적정수준의 주거 기능이 균형적으로 활성화 될 수 있도록 바뀌어 가고 있다. 도시재생 사업은 물리 환경, 생활 문화, 산업 경제적 재생을 통해 도시의 기능을 회복하는 것을 목적으로 하며 이러한 도시재생사업에는 다수의 프로젝트들이 포함되어 있어 기존의 프로젝트 매니지먼트와는 많은 차이가 있다. 도시재생사업이 추구하는 가치와 사업 내에 존재하는 다수의 프로젝트들이 추구하는 가치 간의 관리를 통해 전체 사업을 관리해야만 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 사업 내에 존재하는 여러 목적으로 인한 충돌을 방지하기 위하여 가치관리 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 가치체계를 수립함으로써 사업간 목적의 충돌을 방지하고 변화에 유연한 목표 및 가치의 체계를 구축하고자 한다. 또한 각 가치간의 상관관계 및 우선순위를 도출하여 의사결정 지원을 위한 가치체계 관리 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

A Study on the Value Added Criterion of Rules of Origin under FTAs with the US and EU: Focusing on Automotive Sector

  • Chung, Jae-Wan;Han, Ki-Moon
    • Journal of Korea Trade
    • /
    • 제23권6호
    • /
    • pp.1-13
    • /
    • 2019
  • Purpose - This study deals with a strategic plan for meeting the value added criteria effectively, which is one of the methods of determining origin used in preferential trade such as FTA. Automobile products, one of the major Korean export items, were selected to give a practical use against the FTA requirements. Design/methodology - This study is based on the value-added criteria of the Korea-US and Korea-EU FTAs that apply various value-added criteria. The Korea-US FTA adopts the RVC method based on the integration, deduction and net cost methods, while the MC method is employed in the Korea-EU FTA. The methodology used in this work is an extended literature review, analysis of the value-added criteria applied to automobile products under Korea-US and Korea-EU FTA with some secondary statistics. Findings - Based on in - depth analysis of the value - added criteria requirements for automobile products stipulated in the Korea - US FTA and the Korea - EU FTA, two strategic considerations are suggested. First is 'appropriate value-added strategy' and the second is 'strategy of changing production and trade structure'. The second strategy is a bit used in Korea but this is not considered best if the first strategy is ignored or forgotten. The second one is meaningful when this becomes inevitable. Research limitations/implications - This study is primarily designed to assist Korean auto mobile industry players exporting to EU and USA but this may help to auto part or material producers in FTA counter party territories being EU or USA as the preferential tariffs are applied on a inter region basis. A further research other than auto mobiles using other major FTAs might be followed later. Originality/value - There has been so far little research on strategic factors to meet the value-added origin requirements. This study, therefore, is expected to contribute facilitating the decision of FTA origin and to improve the utilization of FTA by allowing exporting companies using value added criterion to more smoothly meet origin requirements. This will also enable the tax authorities to utilize the value-added criterion to validate effectively the origin of imports where preferential tariffs are applied.

소비자 관여도를 고려한 브랜드 가치 제공, 브랜드 태도, 브랜드 애착의 관계 (Relationship among Brand Value Propositions, Brand Attitude and Brand Attachment considering Consumer Involvement)

  • 김규배;김병구
    • 유통과학연구
    • /
    • 제14권2호
    • /
    • pp.103-111
    • /
    • 2016
  • Purpose - Many variables are needed for brand loyalty such as brand attitude, brand attachment, brand love and brand commitment. Thus, we should manage these all variables successfully for strong and differentiated brand equity. This study aims to identify the process of how the brand value propositions affect the brand attitude and brand attachment. This study specially conceptualizes that not only utilitarian value and hedonic value influence the brand attitude but also hedonic value influences the brand attachment. This study focuses on the moderating role of consumer involvement such as cognitive involvement and affective involvement in the causal relationships among brand value propositions, brand attitude, and brand attachment. Research design, data, and methodology - The five hypotheses were proposed and tested in this study. Three hypotheses were about the relationship among the brand value propositions(utilitarian value and hedonic value), brand attitude, and brand attachment. The other two hypotheses were about the moderating effect on consumer involvement in the causal relationships among brand value propositions, brand attitude, and brand attachment. Research data were collected from the students of universities located in Daejeon-Si and Chungchungnam-Do. For the purpose of test the hypotheses empirically, the 208 responses were used. We utilized SPSS18.0 for statistical analysis such as reliability test, factor analysis, and regression analysis. Results - The results show that the utilitarian value and hedonic value have influence on the brand attitude positively. The results also show that the hedonic value has influence on the brand attachment positively. We found that there is a moderating effect on the cognitive involvement in the relationship between the utilitarian value and the brand attitude. However, there is no moderating effect on the affective involvement in the relationship between the hedonic value and brand attachment. In Summary, 4 of 5 hypotheses in this study were supported and 1 hypothesis was not supported. We should identify the reason why the hypothesis 5, the moderating effect of the affective involvement in the relationship between the hedonic value and brand attachment, was rejected in this empirical analysis. Conclusions - Both the utilitarian value and the hedonic value that propose a brand are important for brand attitude. Specially, the hedonic value is important for brand attachment. Companies should provide the consumers with both the utilitarian value and the hedonic value in a balanced way for their favorable brand attitude and strong brand attachment. In the retail industry, the balance between the utilitarian value and the hedonic value is important in that there are many product brands and store brands providing consumers with various benefit and values. Also, there are possibilities that the causal relationships among brand value propositions, brand attitude and brand attachment are moderated by consumer involvement such as cognitive involvement and affective involvement. Companies should understand and consider consumer involvement for their efficient and effective brand management decision making.

공공도서관 경제적 이용가치 측정방안에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Method of Measuring the Economic Use Value of Public Libraries)

  • 표순희;정동열
    • 한국문헌정보학회지
    • /
    • 제42권2호
    • /
    • pp.209-234
    • /
    • 2008
  • 공공도서관이 이용자에게 제공하는 혜택에 대한 관심이 높아짐에 따라 이와 같은 무형적인 도서관의 결과를 측정하기 위한 연구들이 수행되고 있다. 다양한 접근 및 측정 방법이 요구되는데, 본 연구에서는 공공도서관의 이용가치를 시간가치, 대체서비스 잉여가치, 도서관 서비스가치, 도서관 통합가치라는 4가지의 접근을 통해 측정하였다. 이용자의 기회비용인 시간가치로 측정한 비용 대비 가치가 11배로 가장 높게 나타났고 이용자의 지불의사액을 통해 측정한 가치는 0.3의 비율로 낮게 측정되었다. 이러한 측정 결과와 각 가치에 영향을 미치는 변인, 측정과정을 종합하여 가치별 활용방안을 제시하였다.

온라인 비즈니스의 고객가치와 재구매 의도의 관계에 관한 실증연구 (An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Customer Value and Repurchase Intentions of Online Business)

  • 주재훈
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
    • /
    • 제14권4호
    • /
    • pp.1-22
    • /
    • 2004
  • Customer value is the source for competitive advantage of online businesses such as Internet shopping malls and portal service. It is important to analyze the relationship between customer value and repurchase in order to provide a guideline of successful online business. The purpose of this paper is to get answers for the following questions. First, what are key components of customer value in online business? Second, What difference exists in the importance or expectance of customer value and its current service level of online business? Finally, what influence relationships exist in customer value and repurchase intentions? Data were collected from 615 respondents who experienced purchase on the Internet shopping malls. This paper developed and empirically tested a model representing the relationships between customer value factors and repurchase intentions as well as difference between the importance of customer value and its service level. The findings here suggested that the service level of customer value was significantly lower than its importance, and customer value factors positively affected the repurchase intentions. Specifically, economy and trust/responsiveness value factors directly affected the repurchase intentions while other factors such as convenience, speed, personalization, community, and emotion value indirectly affected it through trust/responsiveness.

가족커뮤니케이션과 의복 구매유형에 따른 청소년의 마켓가치 평가 및 구매 영향력 연구 (A Study on The Evaluation of Market Values and Purchase Influence of Adolescent According to Family Communication and Apparel Purchase Style)

  • 조희라;이선재
    • 한국의류학회지
    • /
    • 제25권1호
    • /
    • pp.25-36
    • /
    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study were to investigate the purchase influence of teenagers in the family by examining the evaluation of market value according to their clothing purchase style. The questionaire survey was carried out 572 high school, and middle school students in Seoul region in Feb., 2000. SPSS package program was used to analyze the gathered data. The results of the research were as follows: 1. Four types of family communication patterns were identified through cluster analyses: laissez-faires, protectives, pluralistics, consensuals. 2. Market values were classified into seven dimensions by factor analyses: user value-psychological value, performance value; payer value-payment convenience value, price value; buyer value-personalization value, service value, purchase convenience value. 3. Independent purchase was evaluated higher than joint purchase for the price value and psychological value, while joint purchase marked higher than independent purchase for the performance value, payment convenience value, service value and purchase convenience value. And there were some differences in the results of evaluation among the family communication patterns.

  • PDF

단체급식소 및 가정에서 식용유의 사용실태와 산패도에 관한 조사 연구 (A Study on Rancidity of Edible Soybean Oil by Cooking Frequency in Mass Meal Services and Homes)

  • 서은숙;한소현;문범수
    • 한국식품위생안전성학회지
    • /
    • 제9권4호
    • /
    • pp.213-220
    • /
    • 1994
  • Customary usage of oil at homes and rancidity of edible soybean oil by cooking frequency at homes and mass meal services were investigated. 80% of house wives bought the cooking oil by 1.8ι unit container and 70% of them read either the manufactured date or explanatory note for use. 85% of house wives kept oil in the storage case under sink or in the pantry chest, and 80% of oils were used once or twice and 20% used three times for cooking. Acid value(AV), iodine value(IV), peroxide value(POV), carbonyl value(CoV) and thiobarbituric acid value(TBAV) of fresh soybean oil were lower than standard level. In the rancidity by cooking frequency, the acid value, peroxide value, carbonyl value and thiobarbituric acid value increased significantly when oil was used once and iodine value decreased significantly when used once and twice at both mass meal services and homes. The level of the acid value, iodine value, carbonyl value and thiobarbituric acid value of oil used at mass meal services did not show significant difference from those of oil used at homes. But, the peroxide value of oil used thrice at mass meal services was significantly higher than those of homes.

  • PDF

사회적기업 제품의 지각된 가치가 기억, 태도, 그리고 충성도에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Perceived Value on Memories, Attitudes, and Loyalty: Social Enterprise Products)

  • 박상금;이용기;유동근
    • 유통과학연구
    • /
    • 제13권12호
    • /
    • pp.73-84
    • /
    • 2015
  • Purpose - Various social issues have arisen since the beginning of the 21st century therefore, enterprises that disregarded social issues have become unsustainable, and social enterprises have appeared to address these issues. A social enterprise is a social mission-focused organization that uses a market-based strategy and has a vulnerable business structure. To be self-sustainable, a social enterprise should make consumers aware of the value that it provides and secure its profitability through consumer consumption. From this perspective, this study investigates the relationship between perceived value (utilitarian and hedonic) and loyalty, and examines how memory and attitudes play mediating roles between perceived value and loyalty. For these purposes, the author developed a structural model consisting of several variables. In this model, perceived value, which was utilitarian and hedonic, was proposed to affect the memory and attitudes toward social enterprise products, thus increasing loyalty. Therefore, memory and attitudes were proposed as core mediating variables between perceived value and loyalty. Research design, data, and methodology - To analyze the proposed model, data were collected from 582 respondents and analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. To test unidimensionality and the nomological validity of the measures of each construct, we employed a scale refinement procedure. The results of the reliability test with Cronbach's α and confirmatory factor analysis warranted the unidimensionality of the measures for each construct. In addition, the nomological validity of the measures was warranted from the results of the correlation analysis. The result of the overall model analysis demonstrated a good fit (χ2=529.881, df=144, χ2/df=3.680, p-value=0.000, GFI=0.905, NFI=0.948, CFI=0.961, RMR=0.036, RMSEA=0.068). Results - The findings are summarized as follows. First, the hedonic and utilitarian value of social enterprise products had positive effects on memory and attitudes. Second, the hedonic value of social enterprise products more strongly affects memory and attitudes than utilitarian value. Third, memory and attitudes had positive effects on loyalty. Lastly, memory had a stronger effect on loyalty than attitudes. Conclusions - The purchase rate of social enterprises' products increases only if the products are included in the "information search" and "alternative evaluation" processes in consumers' purchase decision-making processes. Therefore, a social enterprise must actively promote the fact that it pursues a social value, and shares both the hedonic and utilitarian values of its products. Accordingly, because hedonic value has a more significant impact on a company and attitudes, a social enterprise should develop hedonic values for product consumption, thereby leading consumers who care about value consumption to purchase its products. Moreover, a social enterprise must maintain good memories and attitudes for consumers because memory does not change over time, although attitude does. The limitations of this study and suggestions for future research are as follows. This study viewed "consumer loyalty" as the success factor of social enterprises, thereby considers an "increase in sales" as the success factor. Therefore, in future studies, diverse factors, including social contribution and word-of-mouth intention, should be regarded. In addition, future studies need to thoroughly review and make assurances about the relationship between memory and attitude.