• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.500-506
• /
• 2006

An experiment was conducted with twenty crossbred male calves (7-15 days old) divided into 4 different experimental groups on the basis of body weights to study the effect of vitamin E supplementation on the serum ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration and immune response of the calves. All the calves were fed on milk and calf starter up to 13 weeks and afterwards, they were fed on concentrate mixture and oat hay up to 32 weeks of age. In addition, the calves in groups I, II, III and IV were supplemented with 0, 125, 250 and 500 IU feed grade DL-${\alpha}$-tocopheryl acetate, respectively. Blood samples were collected at 0 day and subsequently at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 months of age to monitor the serum ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration in crossbred calves. After 24 weeks of experimental feeding, 4 animals from each group were intramuscularly inoculated with single dose (3 ml) of Haemorrhagic septiceaemia (Pasteurella multocida P52 strain) oil adjuvant vaccine. The cumulative group mean serum ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration (${\mu}g/100ml$) was 88.12, 210.11, 235.21 and 294.02 in-groups I, II, III and IV, respectively and differed significantly (p<0.001) among the four groups. Lymphocyte stimulation indices (LSI) did not differ among the groups significantly. The pooled mean ELISA antibody titer against Pasteurella multocida (P52 strain) was 788.02, 926.85, 1,214.00 and 1,109.51 for group I, II, III and IV, respectively, which indicated higher antibody titer in groups supplemented with vitamin E as compared to the control group. It may be concluded that vitamin E supplementation increased the ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration in serum and dietary supplementation of vitamin E at higher level has a humoral immune enhancing effect against killed bacterial antigen.

• 공업화학
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.659-665
• /
• 2015

지용성 토코페롤(${\alpha}$-tocopherol)의 산화 안정성을 높이기 위하여 nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC)에 봉입을 시도하였다. 먼저 구성 성분과 혼합 비율을 달리한 여러 NLC를 만들고 각각의 특성을 살펴보았다. 고체 지질로 세틸 팔미테이트 또는 글리세릴 모노스테아레이트를 사용했을 때는 안정한 상태의 NLC 입자가 만들어지지만 스테아린 산으로 만든 NLC에서는 상분리가 일어났다. NLC 입자는 수백 나노미터 크기로 만들어지는데 지질대비 용매의 비율이 높을수록 입자크기가 작게 나타났다. 고급 지방알콜인 옥틸도데칸올을 고체 지질에 첨가하면 결정화도가 감소하면서 지질 매트릭스의 배열규칙성 이 약해짐을 DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) 열차트와 anisotropy 측정을 통해서 확인하였다. 고온($45^{\circ}C$) 또는 UV 빛이 조사되는 조건에서 토코페롤이 NLC에 봉입되어 있으면 용액이나 에멀젼 상태로 있는 것에 비해 산화 안정성이 크게 향상됨을 DPPH 테스트와 과산화물가 측정으로 확인하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.537-541
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine and compare the concentrations of blood retinol and $\alpha$-tocopherol in normal and diarrhea calves. The subjects of the experiments are from three groups. Each group consists of 5 calves(diarrhea, treatment and control group). The CBC, serum chemistry, serum retinol and a-tocopherol concentrations were estimated in each group. Blood retinol concentration was $13.3{\pm}7.0{\mu}g/100ml$ in diarrhea group, $31.5{\pm}6.9{\mu}g/100ml$ in treatment group and $28.1{\pm}11.8{\mu}g/100ml$ in the control group. The blood concentration in diarrhea group was significantly lower than that of the control group in the case of retinol(p<0.05). However, there were no significance between the treatment poop and the control group. The $\alpha$-tocopherol concentration in blood was $266.0{\pm}127.6{\mu}g/100ml$ in diarrhea group, $432.2{\pm}172.7{\mu}g/100ml$ in the treated group and $579.3{\pm}145.8{\mu}g/100ml$ in the control group. In the case of $\alpha$-tocopherol, the laboratory group were significantly lower than the control group(p<0.05), except for the treatment group. As in retinol concentration there were no significance between treatment group and the control group. In the test of CBC, PCV was significantly lower in the group with diarrhea than the control group(p<0.05). Fibrinogen concentrations in diarrhea calves were significantly higher than the treatment and control group. In conclusion, the blood retinol and $\alpha$-tocopherol concentration in diarrhea calves are lower than normal calves. Medication of retinol and $\alpha$-tocopherol on calves with diarrhea is recommended.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.285-294
• /
• 1991

In this study, the immunomodulating effects of levamisole, selenium and tocopherol on blood neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages of goat were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The functions of blood neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages were assayed by random and direct migration, phagocytosis of S aureus, production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. The results obtained were summarized as follows: In vitro trials 1. Levamisole treatment enhanced the random and direct migration of goat blood neutrophils when compared with untreated cell, and a significant (p<0.01) enhancement was noticed at the concentration of $100{\mu}g$ for direct migration and $50{\mu}g{\sim}1,000{\mu}g\;per\;ml$ of culture medium for random migration. There was no influence of selenium and tocopherol on random and direct migration of neutrophil at all of treatment concentration. 2. Neutrophils produced higher levels of superoxide by lcvamisole treatment at the concentration of $100{\mu}g$ and by selenium treatment at the concentration of $1.0{\mu}g$, but the production of hydrogen peroxide was not increased. Tocopherol had no effect on the production of antimicrobicidal oxygen metabolites of neutrophils at various concentrations. 3. No differences of phagocytic activity were observed when neutrophils were treated with three substances. In vivo trials 1. Blood neutrophils of goats orally administered levaraisole showed significantly (p<0.05) higher random migration from 2 to 24 hours after feeding (2.5mg/kg of body weight). Augmentation of random migration of neutrophil from goats orally administered selenium-tocopherol mixture (selenium $100{\mu}g$-tocopherol 200IU/head/day) was observed at 10 days and the significant (p<0.05) increase was shown from 30 days after feeding and continued throughout the feeding periods. 2. There was no effect on phagocytic activity and production of antimicrobicidal oxygen metabolites of neutrophils from goats administered levamisole or selenium-tocopherol mixture. 3. Random migration, production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide and S aureus phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages of goats administered 300ml of levamisole-thioglycollatc medium mixture $(2.5{\mu}g/ml)$ into peritoneal cavity increased significantly (p<0.01 or p<0.05) when compared with those of goats administered thioglycollate medium alone.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제34권8호
• /
• pp.1289-1292
• /
• 2005

본 연구에서는 한국인의 주식인 쌀밥과 각종 잡곡밥에 함유된 토코페롤의 8가지 이성질체의 함량을 HPLC를 이용하여 분석하였다. 쌀밥에서는 8가지 이성체중 3개의 이성체가 검출되었고, 보리밥에서는 2개, 팥밥에서는 5개, 콩밥은 7개 그리고 여러가지 곡류의 혼합인 잡곡밥에서는 6개의 이성체가 검출되었다. 본 연구결과 쌀밥에는 alpha-토코페롤 외에도 alpha-, gamma-토코트리에놀이 검출되었고 그 값을 합한 토코트리에놀 함량은 alpha-토코페롤보다 더 높은 것으로 나타나 쌀밥의 비타민 E 영양가치는 일반적으로 알려진 것보다 더 높을 것으로 추정된다. 분석된 토코페롤 이성체의 총합인 비타민 E의 함량은 콩밥>잡곡밥>팥밥>쌀밥>보리밥의 순서로 나타나 콩밥과 잡곡밥의 영양적 우수성을 증명하였다. 따라서 매일 섭취하는 주식인 밥을 쌀밥에서 콩밥이나 잡곡밥으로 대치할 경우, 각종 성인병의 예방효과가 뛰어난 것으로 알려진 토코페롤과 토코트리에놀의 이성체를 골고루 꾸준히 섭취할 수 있으므로 쌀밥에 콩 등의 잡곡을 혼합하는 것이 건강증진을 위해 매우 중요한 사안으로 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제5권5호
• /
• pp.381-388
• /
• 2001

This work describes the pharmacological inhibition by KR 31378 and its acetyl metabolite, KR 31612, of the apoptotic cell death induced by $H_2O_2$ in the A7r5 cells. Exposure of A7r5 cells to $H_2O_2$ (0.5 mM) induced a concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in association with oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation. $H_2O_2-induced$ cell death was potently suppressed by KR 31378, KR 31612, ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ or trolox. Additionally, the apoptotic death of A7r5 cells (DNA ladders on electrophoresis) was also strongly suppressed by KR 31378 and KR 31612, but to a less degree by ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ and trolox. As a mechanistic study, incubation with $H_2O_2$ markedly showed a decreased Bcl-2 level and, in contrast, increased Bax protein and cytochrome C release, which were significantly and concentration-dependently reversed by KR 31378 and KR 31612 as well as by ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ and trolox. KR 31378 and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ significantly reduced lipid peroxidation in accordance with reduced intracellular ROS and peroxyl radical. These results suggest that KR 31378 has a therapeutic potential against the apoptotic injury via mediation of anti- oxidative stress.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제47권
• /
• pp.140-149
• /
• 2002

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is probably the most ancient oilseed crop known in the world. Sesame seed is known for its high nutritional value and for having oil (51%) and protein (20%) content. The fatty acid composition of sesame oil is palmitic acid (7.8%), stearic acid (3.6%), oleic acid (45.3%), and linoleic acid (37.7%). Sesame oil is characterized by a very high oxidative stability compared with other vegetable oils. Two lignan-type compounds, sesamin and sesamolin, are the major constituents of sesame oil unsaponifiables. Sesamol (a sesamolin derivative) can be present in sesame seeds and oils in very small amount. Other lignans and sesamol are also present in sesame seeds and oils in very small amount as aglycones. Lipid oxidation activity was significantly lower in the sesamolin-fed rats, which suggests that sesamolin and its metabolites contribute to the antioxidative properties of sesame seeds and oil and support that sesame lignans reduce susceptibility to oxidative stress. Sesaminols strongly inhibit lipid peroxidation related to their ability to scavenge free radical. The sesame seed lignan act synergistically with vitamin I in rats fed a low $\alpha$-tocopherol diet and cause a marked increase in a u-tocopherol concentration in the blood and tissue of rats fed an $\alpha$-tocopherol containing diet with sesame seed or its lignan. The authors are reviewed and discussed for present status and prospects of quality evaluation and researched in sesame seeds to provide and refers the condensed informations on their quality.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.311-317
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 추출물 형태에 따른 파프리카 첨가 식이가 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐의 혈청 지질과 $\alpha$-tocopherol 농도에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 Sprague-Dawley 수컷 25마리를 대조군(NC), 고콜레스테롤군(HC), 고콜레스테롤+동결건조 파프리카 분말 섭취군(HC-FDP), 고콜레스테롤+파프리카 물 추출물 섭취군(HC-WEP), 고콜레스테롤+파프리카 에탄올 추출물 섭취군(HC-EEP)으로 나누어 실험 식이를 6주간 공급하였다. 6주 후 HC군과 파프리카 급여군에서 체중 증가는 각각 85.2%와 65.5~68.88%로 HC군에서 체중이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 그리고 내장지방 무게는 HC군보다 파프리카 급여군에서 감소하였으며, 파프리카 급여군의 중성지질, 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤과 atherogenic index 역시 HC군보다 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 그리고 파프리카 급여군들 중에서는 HC-EEP 군이 혈청지질농도 감소 효과가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 혈청 $\alpha$-tocopherol 농도는 HC-EEP에서 $30.5{\pm}0.6\;{\mu}mol/{\ell}$로 가장 높았고, 그 다음으로는 HC-WEP($30.0{\pm}0.8\;{\mu}mol/{\ell}$)>HC-FDP($29.1{\pm}0.5\;{\mu}mol/{\ell}$)>HC($27.7{\pm}0.3\;{\mu}mol/{\ell}$)이었다. 이는 고콜레스테롤 식이에 의한 산화적 스트레스를 감소시키기 위하여 혈청 $\alpha$-tocopherol이 소모되는 것을 파프리카 급여로 절약하는 효과를 나타낸 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 파프리카는 혈중 지질 농도 저하 효과를 보였고, $\alpha$-tocopherol 절약 작용을 통해 체내 항산화제로서 활용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.377-383
• /
• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Hyperglycemia-induced hepatic damage has been recognized as one of the major cause of complications in diabetes. Hepatic complications are associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetes. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that gamma-tocopherol (GT) supplementation ameliorates NLRP3 inflammasome associated hepatic inflammation in diabetes. MATERIALS/METHODS: Diabetes was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg. BW) in ICR mice. All mice were fed with a control diet (AIN-76A). After diabetes was induced (fasting glucose level ${\geq}250mg/dL$), the mice were treated with tocopherol-stripped corn oil or GT-supplemented (35 mg/kg) corn oil, respectively, by gavage for 2 weeks. RESULTS: GT supplementation reduced fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic mice relative to non-treated diabetic mice. Moreover, GT supplementation ameliorated hyperglycemia-induced hepatic damage by regulation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-inflammasome associated inflammation represented by NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain, caspase-1, nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ pathway as well as oxidative stress demonstrated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1, catalase and glutathione-dependent peroxidase in diabetic mice. CONCLUSION: The findings suggested that GT supplementation ameliorated hepatic damage by attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Taken together, GT could be a beneficial nutrient that can ameliorate inflammatory responses associated with NLRP3 inflammasome in hyperglycemia-induced hepatic damage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권9호
• /
• pp.1262-1265
• /
• 2006

The present study was undertaken to analyze the status of erythrocytic malonyl dialdehyde (MDA) as an index of lipid peroxidation in normal cycling and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol supplemented anestrus buffalo heifers. Before supplementation, the blood samples were collected at weekly interval in anestrus and normal cycling buffalo heifers and data from four samples was pooled to establish pre-supplementation base line. Thereafter, the blood samples from anestrus and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol supplemented anestrus buffalo heifers were taken at fortnightly interval for 12 weeks during supplementation and for four weeks during the post-supplementation period. The pre-supplementation endogenous erythrocytic MDA, 0.3% $H_2O_2$ induced-erythrocytic MDA and 1.5% $H_2O_2$ induced-erythrocytic MDA levels (nmol/g Hb) increased significantly (p<0.05) in anestrus heifers ($372.3{\pm}5.0$, $564.4{\pm}5.7$, $862.4{\pm}8.5$) when compared to normal cycling animals ($289.6{\pm}3.0$, $508.2{\pm}6.0$, $777.7{\pm}4.9$). Oral supplementation of 3,000 mg of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol per week per animal in anestrus heifers resulted in a progressive and significant (p<0.01) decline in erythrocytic MDA levels. These observations implied that supplementation of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol to anestrus buffalo heifers ameliorated their antioxidant status by alleviating the effects of oxidative stress.