• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.91-92
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• 2007

An anomalous positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistivity (PTCR) was investigated in a ferroelectric lead-free perovskite-type compound $(Bi_{0.5}Na_{0.5})TiO_3$ within $BaTiO_3$-based solid solution ceramics. The effect of $Nb_2O_5$ content on the electrical properties and the microstructure of (1 - x) $BaTiO_3-x\;(Bi_{0.5}Na_{0.5})TiO_3$ (BNT) ceramics made using a conventional mixed oxide process also has been studied. The Curie temperature was obviously increased with the increasing of $(Bi_{0.5}Na_{0.5})TIO_3$ content. The Nb - doped BNT ceramics (x=0.01) display low resistivity values of $10^{1{\circ}}C-10^{2{\circ}}C$ ohm.cm at room temperature and the Curie Temperature of $T_c=160^{\circ}C$.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제4권7호
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• pp.775-782
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• 1994

마그네시아-지르코니아 복합체의 소결과 미세구조에 미치는 $TiO_{2}$의 영향에 대하여 검토하였다. 3mol%$Y_{2}$O_{3}$를 함유한 $ZrO_{2}$는 $TiO_{2}$첨가시 $1400^{\circ}C$에서 기지상인 MgO와 첨가제인 $TiO_{2}$의고용에 의해서 $c-ZrO_{2}$상으로 존재하였다. $TiO_{2}$첨가시 조성에 관계엾이 승온수축거동은 유사하였으며 $1650^{\circ}C$에서 최종수축율은 8.58-11.0%였다. 1.67wt%$TiO_{2}$첨가시 소결이 촉진되어 $1600^{\circ}C$ 2시간에서의 소결밀도는 3.7g/$\textrm{cm}^3$(이론밀도의 98%)였다. $ZrO_{2}$내에 고용된 MgO와 $TiO_{2}$의 양은 각각 5.67wt%, 2.62wt%로 냉각과정중 입계주위에서 일부 석출되어 Ti화합물을 형성하였다. 이의 존재로 말미암아 생성된 미세균열은 꺽임강도를 감소시켰다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.511-515
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• 2018

W-10 wt% Ti alloys that have a homogeneous microstructure are prepared by thermal decomposition of $WO_3-TiH_2$ powder mixtures and spark plasma sintering. The reduction and dehydrogenation behavior of $WO_3$ and $TiH_2$ are analyzed by temperature programmed reduction and a thermogravimetric method, respectively. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the powder mixture, heat-treated in an argon atmosphere, shows W- oxides and $TiO_2$ peaks. Conversely, the powder mixtures heated in a hydrogen atmosphere are composed of W, $WO_2$ and $TiO_2$ phases at $600^{\circ}C$ and W and W-rich ${\beta}$ phases at $800^{\circ}C$. The densified specimen by spark plasma sintering at $1500^{\circ}C$ in a vacuum using hydrogen-reduced $WO_3-TiH_2$ powder mixtures shows a Vickers hardness value of 4.6 GPa and a homogeneous microstructure with pure W, ${\beta}$ and Ti phases. The phase evolution dependent on the atmosphere and temperature is explained by the thermal decomposition and reaction behavior of $WO_3$ and $TiH_2$.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.339-343
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• 2013

Porous Ti-systems with unidirectionally aligned channels were synthesized by freeze-drying and a heat treatment process. $TiH_2$ powder and camphene were used as the source materials of Ti and sublimable vehicles, respectively. Camphene slurries with $TiH_2$ content of 10 and 15 vol% were prepared by milling at $50^{\circ}C$ with a small amount of oligomeric polyester dispersant. Freezing of the slurry was done in a Teflon cylinder attached to a copper bottom plate cooled at $-25^{\circ}C$ while unidirectionally controlling the growth direction of the camphene. Pores were generated subsequently by sublimation of the camphene during drying in air for 48 h. The green body was heat-treated at $1100^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in a nitrogen and air atmosphere. XRD analysis revealed that the samples composed of TiN and $TiO_2$ phase were dependent on the heat-treatment atmosphere. The sintered samples showed large pores of about 120 mm which were aligned parallel to the camphene growth direction. The internal wall of the large pores had relatively small pores with a dendritic structure due to the growth of camphene dendrite depending on the degree of nucleation and powder rearrangement in the slurry. These results suggest that a porous body with an appropriate microstructure can be successfully fabricated by freeze-drying and a controlled sintering process of a camphene/$TiH_2$ slurry.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.550-557
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• 2002

광촉매용 TiO$_2$코팅 석탄회 복합체를 침전제적하법을 이용하여 합성한 후, $700^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 열처리하여 제조하였다. 석탄회 표면의 TiO$_2$ 입자 석출상태와 결정상은 반응용액의 pH, 침전제인NH$_4$HCO$_3$의 주입속도, 교반속도, 반응온도 및 TiC1$_4$ 의 첨가량에 영향을 받았다. NH$_4$HCO$_3$의 주입속도=1.0ml/min, 반응용액의 pH=6, 교반속도=1,000rpm 및 반응온도=8$0^{\circ}C$인 석탄회의 표면에는 약 10m의 TiO$_2$ 입자가 균일하게 석출되었으나,NH$_4$HCO$_3$의 주입속도=0.3 및 0.5ml/min, 반응용액의 pH=2 및 11 ,교반속도=300~500rpm 및 반응온도=5$0^{\circ}C$ 이하인 석탄회의 표면에는 불균일한 TiO$_2$ 입자의 석출이 관찰되었다. NH$_4$HCO$_3$의 주입속도와 반응온도가 증가하고 TiC1$_4$의 농도가 감소함에 따라 석탄회 표면에 석출된 anatase상의 결정성은 열처리온도에 따라 증가하였으나,800"C에서 rutile로 전이하였다 반응온도와 NH$_4$HCO$_3$의 주입속도 및 Tic14의 농도가 증가함에 따라 rutile상이 생성되었다. $700^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 열처리하여 약 21m의 anatase상 TiO$_2$ 입자가 코팅된 석탄회 복합체는 1.25g/㎤의 밀도, 82.8%의 강도 및 69.5Lab의 백색도를 나타내었으며, 광촉매로 응용이 가능하였다.능하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.132-136
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• 1972

고온 X-선 회절 방법으로 0.05 w/o TiO$_2$첨가로 인한 $UO_2$활성화 소결기구에 미치는 영 향을 조사하였다. 120$0^{\circ}C$에서 TiO$_2$를 첨가한 $UO_2$와 첨가하지 않은 $UO_2$격자상수의 열팽창은 상온에서의 격자상수 보다 각각 1.448%와 1.354% 더 컸으며 TiO$_2$를 첨가한 경우가 약0.094% 더 컸었다. 또한 0.05 w/o TiO$_2$를 첨가한 $UO_2$Pellet의 108$0^{\circ}C$에서의 격자상수는 120$0^{\circ}C$에서의 $UO_2$격자상수와 동일하였다. 이 온도차이는 $UO_2$소결시 0.05w/o TiO$_2$의 첨가로 인하여 강하된 소결온도와 잘 일치된다. 이와같이 TiO$_2$의 미량첨가가 고온에서 $UO_2$격자상수의 열팽창을 증가시켜 $UO_2$의 화산을 촉진시킴으로서 활성화 소결에 영향을 준다고 생각된다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.35-39
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• 2013

The chemical bonding and elastic properties of $Ti_2AC$ (A = Ga, Tl) have been investigated by means of extended H$\ddot{u}$ckel tight-binding band structure calculations. The bulk modulus of $Ti_2AC$ decreases as Ga is replaced with Tl at the A sites. This can be understood by considering the relative strength of Ti-A bonds resulting from the different atomic size of 3A-group elements. The analysis of the projected density of states (PDOS) and the crystal orbital overlap population (COOP) for the respective phases shows that Ti-Ga bonds in $Ti_2GaC$ are stronger than Ti-Tl bonds in $Ti_2TlC$.

• Carbon letters
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2007

Carbon/$TiO_2$ composites were prepared by $CCl_4$ solvent mixing method with different mixing ratios. Since the carbon layers derived from pitch on the $TiO_2$ particles were porous, the Carbon/$TiO_2$ composite series showed a good adsorptivity and photo decomposition activity. The BET surface area for the carbon layer in the sample increases to increasing with pitch contents. The SEM results present to the characterization of porous texture on the Carbon/$TiO_2$ composite and pitch distributions on the surfaces for all the materials used. From XRD data, a weak and broad carbon peak of graphene with pristine anatase peaks were observed in the X-ray diffraction patterns for the Carbon/$TiO_2$. The EDX spectra show the presence of C, O and S with strong Ti peaks. Most of these samples are richer in carbon and major Ti metal than any other elements. Finally, the excellent photocatalytic activity of Carbon/$TiO_2$ with slope relationship between relative concentration (C/$C_0$) of MB and t could be attributed to the homogeneous coated pitch on the external surface by $CCl_4$ solvent method.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.15-17
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• 1957

1. Preparation of Titanium tetrachloride; The following precesses were strictly followed as the preliminary step to obtain pure $TiOCl_2$, titanyl chloride; First, pure Titanium Oxide mixed with carbon is rolled into pills. After drying up perfectly, these pills are heated at 900∼1000${\circ}C$. And then the pills are subjected to the flow of $Cl_2$ gas in a quartz tube heated to 900-1000${\circ}C$. Thus Titanium tetrachloride is obtained. 2. Preparation of $TiOCl_2$ ; Yellowish trobrown solution is made by pouring 80 g of conc. HCl (sp.gr. 1.19) to 45 gr of Titanium tetrachloride (approx. 2 times of theoretical amount). Then this solution is kept settled for 5-days in a desiccator filled with phosphorous pentoxide at room temperature. As the colorless amorphous solid thus obtained is washed with aceton, 36.5 g of the pure salt are obtained. 3. Determination of composition. The analysis of the sample taken from the deposit desiccated gives the following data; (A) Qualitative analysis; a) $Ti(OH)_4$ is precipitated by adding NaOH in water solution of the salt. b) Adding $AgNO_3$ solution, the water solution of the salt gives white precipitate of AgCl. c) When acid and $H_2O_2$ are added, the solution turns its color to redish brown (This proves that $TiO^{++}$ was converted into $TiO^{++}$ by oxidation of $H_2O_2$. (B) Quantitative analysis; a) $Ti(OH)_4$ precipitated by $10{\%}$ NaOH isalitatsubjected consecutively to the filtration and ignition in porcelain crucible at approx. 1000${\circ}C$. , then $TiO_2$ thus formed is weighed and calculated into Ti content. b) Chlorine involved in water solution of the salt is determined by Vorhardt method. Result: The values obtained from previous analysis, devied by their atomic weight gives the following composition: Ti : Cl = 1 : 2 Therefore $TiOCl_2$ should be given as its molecular formula. 4. Summary. When $TiCl_4$ is additated into conc. HCl, $TiO^{++}$ formed exists as a stable form, and forms $TiOCl_2$. However $TiOCl_2$ is unstable to heating. When the temperature is raised to $65{\circ}C$the decomposition of the solution is accelerated, and gives $TiO_2$ aq. $TiOCl_2$ in addition is highly hygroscopic.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2007

In this study, the castability and of commercially pure titanium(c.p.Ti) grade according to the casting condition which are the vacuum condition in casting machine and mold temperature of investment, was investigated. Argon-arc melt/centrifugal casting machine was used for casting the specimens. The microstructure and mechanical properties were evaluated by using optical microscope. The results were as follows; 1. It could make a sure that there's relatively not much defect of casting body of c.p.Ti according to the deference of air pressure. 2. It could make sure that it formed porosity on the surface inside of the casting body of c.p.Ti according to deferent temperature. and on excellent castability was below $200^{\circ}C$ 3. As the mold temperature of investment was increased, the lamellar structure of phase and coarse grains were shown, especially under 42MPa.