• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 1988

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied for regional geological mapping to a multivariate data set of the Landsat TM data in the heavily vegetated and topographically rugged Chungju area. The multivariate data set selection was made by statistical analysis based on the magnitude of regression of squares in multiple regression, and it includes R1/2/R3/4, R2/3, R5/7/R4/3, R1/2, R3/4. R4/3. AND R4/5. As a result of application of PCA, some of later principal components (in this study PC 3 and PC 5) are geologically more significant than earlier major components, PC 1 and PC 2 herein. The earlier two major components which comprise 96% of the total information of the data set, mainly represent reflectance of vegetation and topographic effects, while though the rest represent 3% of the total information which statistically indicates the information unstable, geological significance of PC3 and PC5 in the study implies that application of the technique in more favorable areas should lead to much better results.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2012

본 연구는 부산시역내 미 집행된 공공공지 145개소에 대한 실태분석 및 이용현황을 살펴보고자 하였다. 따라서 우리는 미집행 공공공지를 용도지역별, 면적별, 형태별, 조성계획 수립유무에 따라 분석하였다. 부산시역내 미집행 공공공지시설의 용도지역별 분포에서는 주거지역내 포함된 공공공지가 다수를 차지하였으며, 특히 제3종 일반주거지역의 비율이 높은 편이었다. 형태별 분포에서는 선형이 가장 많이 나타났으며, 부정형과 정형의 순으로 조사되었다. 미집행 공공공지시설의 활용계획 수립유무를 보면, 전체 미집행 공공공지 중 대부분이 조성계획이 수립되지 않은 상태이며, 계획이 수립된 경우는 녹지 및 쉼터가 가장 높은 비율을 차지하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.86-95
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• 2003

It had been strictly prohibited to plant in waterway according to Korea laws and regulations. It was then made possible to plant by the modification law and regulation of 10/30/1997. In 2000, the Seoul metropolis government planted in the Yeoyido flood plain park in Han river by way of showing the model case. This planting design is for the Yeoyido flood plain park along the Han river, in Seoul. The design requirements were to create a pleasant rest area, to improve the surrounding landscape, and to create diverse ecological habitats by planting within the stability of flood flow. This design emphasizes the following design requirements that has positive effect on stabilizing flood flow. First, planting suitable in a area was determined by the speed of a current of less than 0.7m/sec under various numerical value simulations. Second, plants were selected in existing trees of the present and the past Han river, as well as the questionnaire results from landscape professional engineers and professors. Shade plants were planted in the large visiting areas so as to offer pleasant shade in the summer, the ecological planting pattern was applied in the area with low speed of flood flow, so as to aid the restoration of the natural ecological environment. It was found that the foresaid planting design verified the stability of flood flow and wind by overturn limit moment calculation. It is expected that this plan would serve environmentally friendly planting plans in flood plain park.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.862-872
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• 2020

This study explores the effects of facemasks on respiratory, thermoregulatory, cardiovascular responses during exercise on a treadmill and at rest. Five male subjects (25.8 ± 0.8 y, 171.8 ± 9.2 cm in height, 79.8 ± 28.1 kg in weight) participated in the following five experimental conditions: no mask, KF80, KF94, KF99, and N95. Inhalation resistance was ranked as KF80 < KF94 < N95 < KF99 and dead space inside a mask was ranked as KF80 = KF94 < N95 < KF99. The surface area covered by a mask was on average 1.1% of the total body surface area. The results showed no significant differences in body core temperature, oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), heart rate or subjective perception among the five experimental conditions; however, cheek temperature, respiratory ventilation and blood pressure were greater for KF80 or KF94 conditions when compared to KF99 or N95 conditions (p<0.05). The differences among mask conditions are attributed to the dead space or specific designs (cup type vs pleats type) rather than the filtration level. In addition, the results suggest that improving mask design can help mitigate respiratory resistance from increased filtration.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.237-241
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• 2006

The Qualitative improvements of outdoor spaces are unsatisfactory in comparison with that of indoor environment in existing apartments. Lately construction companies are differentiating the outdoor spaces of apartment complexes to meet needs of residents. However, high-rise buildings inherently have limitations on providing exposure to the outdoor settings and inappropriate lightings could have serious impacts on physical and psychological health of residents. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide useful information for the luminous environment of outdoor spaces through the analysis of current apartment complexes' lighting plans. Outdoor space of branded apartment complexes in Seoul, built after the year 2003, were researched. Through site visits, illumination level and lighting plans were investigated classified into entry area, passage area, plaza, rest area, exercise area, and play area. With the result, illumination level of apartment complexes researched was lower than KS illumination standard in all areas and the lighting plans were mostly shown in different condition of first intended lighting plan because of insufficiency of maintenance in lighting system. Therefore, it is need to provide better luminous environment to make outdoor space more lively and energetic at the night time.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2014

It is essential to investigate the structure and the main characteristics of BSN (Bio-Sensor Network) platform in built smart healthcare environment while designing healthy housing facilities. For this study, WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) data transmission technologies have been employed with medical sensors, and optimal medical devices would provide various Web 2.0 services by connecting to the WiBro network. The BSN platform normally recognizes in surroundings of WBAN (Wireless Body Area Network) or WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network), and it is possible to manage sensor nodes by utilizing SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) and REST (REpresentational State Transfer). In addition, the feature of SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) for mobile gateway is also included for being adapted to huge network structure. Finally, BSN platform will play a role as important clues for developing personal WSN service models for smart healthy housing properties.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 Ⅳ
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• pp.2307-2310
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• 2003

In this paper, a method for face recognition based on the wavelet packet decomposition is proposed. In the proposed method, the input image is decomposed by the 2-level wavelet packet transformation and then the face areas are defined by the Integral Projection technique applied to each of the 1-level subband images, HL and LH. After the defined face areas are divided into three areas, called top, bottom, and border, the mean and the variance of the three areas of the approximation image are computed, and the variance of the single predetermined face area for the rest of 15 detail images, from which the feature vectors of statistical measure are extracted. In this paper we use the wavelet packet decomposition, a generalization of the classical wavelet decomposition, to obtain its richer signal analysis features such as discontinuity in higher derivatives, self-similarity, etc. And we have shown that even with very simple statistical features such as mean values and variance we can make an excellent basis for face classification, if an appropriate probability distance is used.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.218-225
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the satisfaction of school dietitians with foodservice facilities and utilities in the Chonbuk area of Korea. Self-administered questionnaires were collected from a total of 22 dietitians. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SPSS v. 10.0 program. The results are summarized as follows. Among the 222 school foodservice systems, 68.5% of the schools prepared meals the conventional way and 31.5% prepared them the commissary way. Most of the school foodservice facilities were located on the first floor. Satisfaction with the location of the foodservice facility was not significantly different between the conventional and commissary systems. However, overall dietitian satisfaction with the foodservice facility locations was poor. Approximately 30% of the dietitians responded that one of the most important problems for foodservice management was the limited space and worn-out equipments in the kitchens. For dietitians' satisfaction on the types of facilities present, most schools had constructed dietitian offices, food storage facilities, cafeterias, rest rooms, dressing rooms, and preparation facilities. Yet, the amenities most often missing were storage facilities, preparation facilities, dressing rooms, rest rooms, etc. For overall satisfaction with the status of facilities and utilities, we found no significant differences between dietitians in the conventional(2.89) and commissary foodservice systems(2.86); however, the satisfaction level among the dietitians was poor. Therefore, governmental regulation agencies need to review and approve plans prior to the new construction or extensive remodeling of school foodservice facilities. Finally, content analysis was also conducted regarding the dietitians' opinions on foodservice facilities and utilities.

• 기술사
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.5-23
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• 1983

On the Seoul Metropolitan Subway Construction of No. 3, 4 Line, the total length is 57 Km and it is now undergoing almost 55％ progress. The working method is classified into Open Cut of 70% and the rest of 30% tunnelling method in the 48 job site. Above tunnelling method is execute by American Steel Support System and the rest of 10 job site carried out by New Austria Tunnelling Method. This paper describes Blasting Standardizations works on the above Tunnelling ' Open Cut Method under big slogan, first safety, second execution. As a superintendent, I strived standardization of works with Better powder, Better Drills ' Better Pattern. Geological structure of Seoul area is composed by Jurassic Granite and also the above rockgroup are over burden by Alluviums as a Unconformity. First of all, I carried out the standard amount of powder and burden through experimental standard blasting by each powder as following Blasting works in the subway construction is surrounding shop Building, under pass the city river and also under pass highest building basement floor. I made allowable Blasting Vibration Value by West-Germany Vornorm DIN 4150, Teil 3 and should measure each blasting works as fellows all of powder is used basically Low-Gravity and Low Velocity such as Slurry, Ammonium Nitrate ' Finex I, II. for Smooth Blasting Instead of Gelatin Dynamite. Electric Detonation Cap is used basically M/S Delay Cup instead of Electric delay ' Simultaneous cap. I applied following formula V=KW3/4 $D^{-2}$ V=Particle Velocity (Cm/sec) K=Ginh Huh's Value W=Delay Charge (Kg) D=Distance(m) In the Open Cut, within 1m distance from H-pile I made to use the Concrete breaker, as following V=7W/$^{0.5}$V/$^{-1.75}$ On the Concentrate Building area, I advise to use Light class drill ø36m Bit and advance 1.1m per round blasting the three boom jumbo drill over ø45mm used only suburb of city.e Light class drill ø36m Bit and advance 1.1m per round blasting the three boom jumbo drill over ø45mm used only suburb of city.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2009

This study aims to analyze the current situation of and issues in the structure of urban neighborhood parks and park facility installation in cities in Gyeonggi-do. Then, based on its findings, plans to improve the space structure of the parks were examined and suggested to raise the city environment improvement function and green area base function of urban parks and fully satisfy users' needs for pleasant rest, recreation and cultural activities. The findings showed that, within parks, the area of grass where access was restricted reached about 24.4% in average. In other words, only 75.6% of total park area could be freely used by park visitors. As for an improvement plan, the grass area where access is limited may be converted into a gras area that can be freely used to raise the park use area, which currently stands only at 75.6%, to 100%. The result of cross analysis through Chi-Square Test regarding lawn use as well as regarding (dis)agreement with reduction of lawn, based on the investigation of cognition, showed a significant agreement of park users with reduction of green areas. Therefore it is considered that lawn space must be reduced according the result of the analysis, to set up plans for facility space that would meet the desires of users. The analysis of user behaviors revealed that many of them used square spaces and walks; therefore it is considered that re-structuring of space is necessary according to local characteristics. This study also made some policy suggestion. urban parks must be a base of city green areas to counter climate changes. When developing a park creation plan, a user demand survey must be conducted in advance. In addition. grass construction methods should be improved to tolerate foot pressure.