• KIEAE Journal
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.115-120
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• 2007

The purpose of the study is to establish a concept of property development planning process and factors by analyzing the several case studies, which prior proposed the highest and best use development of property. The value of property is dependent on the circumstances and the timing. Real property development is essential to develop in the highest and the best. The prior concepts of the highest and best use focused on the real estate appraisal, but these studies aroused an interest that related the highest and best use concept as a determinant of property development. As a results, this study suggests the process and the check points of property development planning phase. The first step is having a thorough grasp of the status of property. The Second step is the circumstantial analysis including legal restriction, locational environment, real estate market and economic conditions. The next step is, in accordance with these analysis, setting up the development concept and alternatives. Through the feasibility studies, we can make a choice the highest and best use development plan. In these days, the importance of development strategies such as design exceptionality and plan management are increased. Therefore, the integrated plan for the property development is very important.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.179-189
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• 2014

The Saemaeul Movement, which is the representative national campaign of Korea aimed at the development of local communities, has drawn a great deal of attention from home and abroad and formed an element of Korea's national brand since 2000. Accordingly, this research was conducted for the purpose of constructing a memorial park in Shindo Village, Cheongdo County, North Kyoungsang Province, which is a home to the Saemaeul Movement. As the Saemaeul Movement is benchmarked by many countries around the world today, this research aims to communicate the spirit and social value of the movement and disseminate its effects of local community development in rural areas through the construction of a memorial park. In this study, the design motive of the memorial park was conceived through the historical review and case studies of the Saemaeul Movement. In parallel, theoretical study was also conducted on design techniques as the basis of this research. In consideration of the characteristics of a technical article, this research was conducted in several phases. In the first phase, the conditions of the site where the park construction was planned were analyzed and the direction of its development was set. In the second phase, the main theme and the basic principles of planning were established, and the contents of the park construction project were devised in detail. In the last phase, a comprehensive plan was established, including a space layout to accommodate activities, facilities and programs to be introduced to the park. The park construction site ($106,000m^2$) was divided into four zones (memorial zone, historical theme park, education zone and experience zone) based on circulation planning aimed at creating memorial space, and was linked to eco-friendly ecological space in consideration of environmental features. At a time when the Saemaeul Movement is being propagated across the world, the result of this study will help create a place for its memorial and play a pivotal role to boost international movements aimed at promoting co-prosperity across the global village. It will also bear significance as an example of theme-based park construction in a rural area and the invigoration of a local community.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.11-22
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• 2015

Government efforts for green growth policy initiatives demand low-carbon technologies in the road construction industry. The purpose of this paper is to develop an algorithm of a road alignment design solution for establishing the multi-dimensional information, and to calculate carbon emission quantity due to the geometric design elements in the planning phase of road alignment. The paper developed a calculation method for carbon emission quantity by drawing a speed profile reflected in the operating speed, acceleration and deceleration, which are majors factor of carbon emissions while driving and by applying a carbon emission factor. From this effort, it enabled alignment planning to reduce carbon emission. Object-based parametric design methods of the cross-sections were proposed for alignment planning, and the paper demonstrated a BIM-based road alignment planning solution. The proposed solutions can provide multi-dimensional information on carbon emission quantity and cross section elements through driving simulation. It is expected to allow construction of eco-friendly roads by deriving optimal road alignment to minimize environmental costs.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.689-698
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• 2004

Uncertainties generated from the individual measured variables have an influence on the uncertainty of the experimental result through a data reduction equation. In this study, a performance test of a single stage axial type turbine is conducted, and total-to-total efficiencies are measured at the various off-design points In the low pressure and cold state. Based on an experimental apparatus, a data reduction equation for turbine efficiency is formulated and six measured variables are selected. Codes are written to calculate the efficiency, the uncertainty of the efficiency, and the sensitivity of the efficiency uncertainty by each of the measured quantities. The influence of each measured variable on the experimental result is figured out. Results show that the largest uncertainty magnification factor (UMF) value is obtained by the inlet total pressure among the six measured variables, and its value is always greater than one. The UMF values of the inlet total temperature, the torque, and the RPM are always one. The uncertainty percentage contribution (UPC) of the RPM shows th, lowest influence on the uncertainty of the turbine efficiency, but the UPC of the torque has the largest influence to the result among the measured variables. These results are applied to find the correct direction for meeting an uncertainty requirement of the experimental result in the planning or development Phase of experiment, and also to offer ideas for preparing a measurement system in the planning phase.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.39
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• pp.124-131
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is furnishing applicable data, in deviation from the conventional study of architectural planning, for funeral ceremony hall actually built as a various form. For that, this study performed analysis of condolent space, through dividing space into three phase which is planning unit, organizing unit and making layout as a general method of architectural planning steps. The results are as follows. Establishing spaces for bereaved family's rest in funeral space is also applicable, through the renovation, in case of A type u nit that is more than 25$m^2$. If wish to organize funeral space unit by monolithic space type at planning, than should be controle d size of unit so as not to excessive and if wish to organize by connection style and 1:1 separation style, than area of room where coffin is placed should be considered not overly lacking than condoler's waiting space. On arranging of middle corridor type should be controled scale of funeral space so that is not lacking than room where coffin is placed. In case of hall type, there are necessity to make area of condoler's waiting space do not excess than area of room where coffin is placed.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.3D
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• pp.371-381
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• 2008

The systematic methodology for estimating construction cost approximately at planning and pre-design phase of a river facility construction project has not yet been established because of its unique characteristics including its relatively small project size in terms of cost. This research suggests a 4-level cost information structure and identifies critical factors affecting construction cost as a result of thorough analysis of accumulated historical cost data of river facility construction projects. Also, this research presents the framework of the approximate cost estimating methodology for river facility construction project a planning stage.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.107-117
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• 2011

This paper aims to analyze architectural planning factors that could contribute to reductions in electricity consumption in the household of apartments, to apply energy saving methods at the design phase. These six architectural planning factors were orientation, building type (flat, tower block), standard floor access type (corridor access type, stair case type, EV hall access type), household location (floor), household opening type (one side opening, right angle opening, two sides opening or three sides opening), and bay on the facade (one bay, two bays, three bays, four bays), and these were derived from literature review. Household electricity consumption data were gathered from 2168 households with a total area of 135~150$m^2$ of 6 apartment complexes over 1000 households in Seoul. The annual characteristics of electricity consumption according to architectural planning factors were analyzed. And, variances between groups with respect to the mean of summer, winter, and annual electricity consumption according to each architectural planning factors were analyzed using ANOVA and t-test. The results showed that an annual electric energy saving of over 1000kWh was facilitated by these planning factors. In addition, high energy efficiency architectural planning factors based on the analysis were as follows: southwest orientation, flat type, corridor access type and staircase type, household loation below the 20th floor, two sides opening and three sides opening, and 2 bays and 3 bays.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.405-410
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• 2006

Microstructural features and their related mechanical property changes in the 309L cladding and the heat affected zone (HAZ) of SA508 cl.3 steel were investigated through the use of TEM, tensile and small punch (SP) tests. The specimens were irradiated at 563 K up to the neutron fluences of $5.79{\times}10^{19}n/cm^2$ (>1MeV). The microstructure of the clad was mainly composed of a fcc ${\gamma}-phase$, a low percentage of bcc ${\delta}-ferrite$, and a brittle ${\sigma}-phase$. Along the weld fusion line there formed a heavy carbide precipitation with a width of $20{\sim}40{\mu}m$, showing preferential cracking during plastic deformation. The yield stress and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) of the irradiated clads increased. The origin of the hardening and the shift of the DBTT are discussed in terms of the irradiation-produced defect clusters of a fine size and brittle ${\sigma}-phase$.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2008

With growing demand for zero defects, predicting reliability of software systems is gaining importance. Software reliability models are used to estimate the reliability or the number of latent defects in a software product. Most reliability models to estimate the reliability of software in the literature are based on the development lifecycle stages. However, in the maintenance phase, the software needs to be corrected for errors and to be enhanced for the requests from users. These decrease the reliability of software. Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs) have been applied successfully to model software reliability in development phase. The software reliability in maintenance phase exhibits many types of systematic or irregular behaviors. These may include cyclic behavior as well as long-term evolutionary trends. The cyclic behavior may involve multiple periodicities and may be asymmetric in nature. In this paper, SGRM has been adapted to develop a reliability prediction model for the software in maintenance phase. The model is established using maintenance data from a commercial shop floor control system. The model is accepted to be used for resource planning and assuring the quality of the maintenance work to the user.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.197-205
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• 2017

The conflict between indoor environmental quality and energy consumption has become an unneglectable problem for highrise office buildings, where occupants' productivity is highly affected by their working environment. An effective Façade, therefore, should play the role of an active building skin by adapting to the ever-changing external environment and internal requirements. This paper explores the energy-saving and indoor environment-improving potential of a phase-change material (PCM) integrated Façade. Building performance simulations, combined with parametric study and sensitivity analysis, are adopted in this research. The result quantifies the potential of a PCM-integrated Façade with different configurations and PCM properties, taking as an example a south-oriented typical office room in Shanghai. It is found that a melting temperature of around $22^{\circ}C$ for the PCM layer is optimal. Compared to a conventional Façade, a PCM-integrated Façade effectively reduces total energy use, peak heating/cooling load, and operative temperature fluctuation during the periods of May-July and November-December.