• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.70-87
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• 2013

This study investigated contents of mission statements for Strategic Management of hospitals in Korea and Japan. For the study, 44 tertiary care hospitals in korea, which were accredited by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, were selected. And 83 special functioning hospitals in Japan, which were approved by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare, were included. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted by classifying 5 components of the mission statement; market, service, philosophy, image, contribution. Findings from this study are as follow. First, hospitals in Korea emphasized image(93.2%) and philosophy(81.8%) components in their mission statements, whereas hospitals in Japan highlighted components of service(89.2%) and market(72.3%). In detail, mission statements of Korean tertiary care hospitals describe the components of hospital's image (93.2%), philosophy(81.8%), contribution(56.8%), market(22.7%) and service (18.2%) in order. On the other hand, mission statements of Japanese special functioning hospitals describe hospital's service(89.2%), market(72.3%), contribution(61.4%), image (49.4%) and philosophy(34.9%), respectively. Second, as results of Content analysis, there were some differences in mission statements of hospitals between two countries, and it is mainly from the divergences of standards for recognition of medical institutions, environmental factors, and different ways of mission statement description. For strategic hospital management, carrying out innovative restructuring organization or promoting of research and training for medical development is considered as a desirable approach. However, clear description of mission statement is more important and it is required for effective control and managing organization. And then the mission should be communicated within an organization so all internal members understand it and put their efforts to achieve the mission of organization. In conclusion, it is recommended that a leader and senior managers should re-evaluate its mission statement whether it reflects characteristics of an organization. In addition, a mission statement should be created or improved based on critical decision, as well as it should be clearly shared within an organization in order to become a future oriented organizations.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.38-51
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• 1996

There is a increasingly growing emphasis on health promotion, disease prevention and optimum functioning for peaple including the chronically ill and disabled. According as the purpose of the nursing is the promotion of health, the value and belief of heal th within the nursing paradigm need to be defined in every culture. The paradigm components must be explored for meaning given by the aged in their traditional thought and philosophy, The problem addressed by this qualitative study was how the aged recognize value and belief of health, which contribute to the development of Korean nursing theory. Theoretical support for the study was from Leininger's cultural care theory and Korean philosophy and traditional oriented thought. Literature review refers to literature on the aged, health of the aged, and definition and meaning of general health concept. Grounded theory methodology guied the research methodology and analysis to build a substantive theory. The informants were 119 from a variety of social levels and family patterns; traditionally the aged are responsible for the health. The concentrated interviewing period was from may to june, 1995 ; the interviews were done by the researcher with two supporter and most were recorded on audio tape. Result from analysis of base datas follows; The value and belief of health that emerged from the categories and properties were the physical stability, the stability of mind, the stability of mind and body, the smoothness (harmony) of body function, the family concord, and the perfection of self. These values and beliefs of health are affected by the cosmic dual forces thought is based on the Great Absolute, family principle of confucian scholar, and Buddism. Among the values and beliefs of health, family concord is found out Korean culture peculiarities. These values and beliefs are all integrated into the idea of health. The study provided implications for nursing theory research, education, and practice change and development.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2009

Purpose : To provide a convenient framework for PNF practice, we reviewed the relationship between ICF framework and PNF framework. Methods : We reviewed literatures related with ICF and PNF. Results : ICF model is useful tool for physical therapist who is working in PNF to identify the interactions the components of individual's health, especially the relationship between functioning and disability. A framework for PNF is philosophy which included the concept, functional approach. It is essential to identify primary activity limitation and causal impairment in PNF field and evaluate the their relationship. The ICF model can be used to classify the examination information. Next step is to prioritize the activity limitation and then evaluate the interrelationships among each components of the ICF framework. Conclusions : ICF model guides physical therapist in PNF practice to identify patient problems and evaluate the interrelationship of components of their health. This model is logical framework to directs functional approach as PNF philosophy to be approached the goal.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.388-389
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• 2023

• CELLMED
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.9.1-9.14
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• 2015

The so-called "Needham's Grand Question" (NGQ) can be formulated as why modern science was developed in Europe despite the earlier successes of science and technology in ancient China. Numerous answers have been proposed. In this review, it will be pointed out that traditional Chinese natural philosophy (TCNP) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are in fact dealing with problems of highly complex dynamical systems of Nature and human beings. Due to the lack of mathematical machinery in dealing with such complex phenomena, a holistic approach was taken by ancient Chinese instead. It was very successful for the first eighteen centuries. In the recent three centuries, however, the reductionist and mechanistic viewpoints of Western natural philosophy, sciences, and medicine have been prevalent all over the world up to now. The main obstacle in preventing the advancement of TCM, TCNP and its sciences is actually the lacking of proper mathematical tools in dealing with complex dynamical systems. Fortunately, the tools are now available and a "chaotic wave theory of fractal continuum" has been proposed recently. To give the theory an operational meaning, three basic laws of TCNP are outlined. These three laws of wave/field interactions contrast readily with those of Newton's particle collisions. Via the proposed three laws, TCM, TCNP and its sciences can be unified under the same principles. Finally, an answer to NGQ can be accurately given. It is hoped that this review will help promoting a genuine understanding of natural philosophy, sciences, and medicine in an ecumenical way.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.2
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• pp.56-74
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• 1996

In order to prepare for the coming twenty-first century and to meet changing social demands and health needs, it is necessary to improve the curriculum through development of new conceptual frameworks. The purposes of this study were : 1) to assess the needs of the curriculum of the students, the faculty, the graduates, and the nursing supervisors and head murses ; 2) to develop the conceptual framework which includes philosophy and goals of nursing education based upon needs assessment ; 3) to develop level objectives ; 4) to identigy the contents of the curriculum ; 5) and to develop the faculty. The curriculum was assessed and developed from April, 1995 to March, 1996 through twenty four weekly meetings, two seminars, and two workshops. The process and results of this study are as follows : 1. A needs assessment of the present curriculum was done of the 194 students, 177 graduates, 14 faculty members, and 60 nursing administrators in 5 main areas (objectives, planning and organization, teaching-learning process and methods, evaluation, revision of curriculum). The results showed that there were many descrepancies between expectations and actual situations in all the groups and in all the areas. This implies that there was a necessity for total curriculum revision. 2. To develop the conceptual framework, 1) the core concepts were identified(man, health, environment, and nursing) on the basis of the existing educational philosophy and educational objectives of our school, elicited by group discussions using the nominal group method, one of the needs assessment methods, the philosophy and objectives were restated. 2) Six essential componednts were indentified for the conceptual framework from the restated philosophy and objectives ; nursing process, communication, professional roles, client, health, and nursing. The vertical theread consists of the client and health/nursing ; and the horizontal thread consists of nursing process, communication, and professional roles. 3. The contents of the curriculum were selected on the basis of the educational objectives and organized according to the conceptual framework. 4. The level objectives were then restated. It is expected that the objectives of our school will be accomphished through developing the courses, choosing and Implementing, more effective teaching-learning methods, and evaluating the efficacy of changes implemented. The most important factor will be to continually upgrade the faculty and their teaching skills.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.103-113
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• 2017

There have been many achievements for 40 years since the introduction of compulsory health insurance. Despite many achievements, it has many challenges in health insurance. Aging, non-communicable disease, and low growth economy are threatening the sustainability of health insurance, and it is time to reform the health insurance. A long-term reform plan will be an absolute necessity for reform of health insurance and health care system. Health insurance and health care reform should be an extremely revolutionary content that completely changes the framework. This reform should deal with the philosophy of health, approach of medical education and doctor training, changing supply of medical service, the innovation of primary medical care, reform of public health system, the management of medical utilization, the integration of medical cure and care services, enhancing the benefit coverage, prohibition of covered and non-covered services, etc. Therefore, it is urgent to form a consensus on the necessity of reform, to establish the health insurance plan on this consensus, and to make efforts to make health insurance sustainable.

• Philosophy of Medicine
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• v.15
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• pp.3-37
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• 2013

George Canguilhem(1904-1995) is one of the rare French philosophers of the 20th century to develop an approach that was shaped by a medical education. For him, medicine is considered as "a technique or an art at the junction of many different sciences, rather than a proper science." The thesis that medicine is a technique is presented not at a practical level, but on an axiological horizon which reflects the totality of humanity. This character of medicine became a motive that concretized Canguilhem's philosophical thinking. Medical knowledge is not an application of physiology, but is derived from clinical observations which are based on the personal experiences of each patient. If medicine were based on scientific knowledge and its practice the very application of this pure knowledge, the patient might be a passive object. However, the patient doesn't remain passive, but reacts to the menace of disease according to attitude that the patient developed over the course of his or her life. Canguilhem characterizes this point as 'normativity', the core of individual life, which eludes positivist medicine. Here appear the essential contents of his vitalism. Although they emphasized the activity of individual living being, other modern French vitalists didn't consider this dimension of norms. Since the normativity in Canguilhem concerns the subjectivity of the first person, it avoids a mechanical form of explanation. Thus Canguilhem's originality is found in his derivation of the essence of medicine from individuality, values and norms.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 1995

This study was attempted to identify the present state of the Junior College of Nursing such as philosophy of education and goal of education. The study was based on the data from 17 Junior colleges of nursing. The survey was conducted from Jun. 21st to 30th. 1994. Data was analyzed by percentage. The results of this .study was summarized as follows : 1. The number of Junior college of nursing is 44, the number of graduates is 776, and the rate of employment is 97.3% in 1993. 2. 6 of 17 schools present the philosophy of education and the chief concepts of them were idea of establishment, human being, health, environment, nursing, nursology, nursing education and nurses. The most frequent presented general goal of the education was to train professional nurse (64.7%). The most concrete goal of the education was fostering of the competence and quality of students to enhance self development which based upon scientific thinking and skillful activities. (58.8%). The average total credit was 142.3(range of 133 to 155). The average liveral art credit was 27.2 and major credit was 104.1. The credit of clinical pracetice was 20.6 (1153.6 hours). 3. The most important problems of Junior College of Nursing was multiprogram of nursing edcuation. It should be unionized into 4 year program. 4. There should be a good nursing curriculum and philosophy which meet the modern nursing concept and diversional social needs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.55-66
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• 1995

The goals of nursing education, and the bases for evaluating them depend on the goals of nursing practice. In order to prepare for the coming twenty first century and the meet changing societal demands and health needs, it is necessary to develop a new conceptual framework for future nursing education. While hospitals will still be in significant components of the health care system, will no longer be central focus or dominant influence. Health care services will be more usually delivered at community base. The nursing education required by that new approach must provide for reconsidered about a concept of caring as nursing curriculum. The changes in health care delivery that have occured, now being proposed, for nursing education undergoing its own changes. So the philosophy and objectives of education meed to reconsidering about the caring concept and general nursing. Nurse educators must prepare students to practic in condition of constant change. At the same time nurse educators must emphasize preparation about that. The practice of science of caring in nursing draws on a basic knowledge of the behavioral knowledge, biophysical processes, pathological processes, nursing skills and procedures and various treatment regimes and problem solving to help decision making in nursing situations. The concept of care is probably one of the least understood ideas used by professional and nonprofessional people, yet it is probably one of the most improtant concepts to be understood by nursing. Human caring and human relationships are closely interrelated. Humn caring remains an essential dimension of professional work and the science of caring as essental to the discipline of nursing. It is expected that the objectives of nursing education will be accomplished when the course and content of the curriculum are based on this conceptual framework. One recurrent education goal with some consistency is that of equipping the student with the necessary skills to live effectively and productivly in the world of tomorrow. In the new vision we are developing, professional education must also include exposure to liberal arts, encouragement of critical thinking, and a moral context for advanced professional education that is based upon a contextual health policy and caring science educational model.