• 한국의사학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2011

With the discovery of WooJam JabJeo, Jang-Taegyung[1809~1887] was highlighted as a noted doctor who won fame in the neighborhood of Gwangju, but with 'WoodJam Mango' seeing the light of day, this study was able to confirm the appearance of a literary man enjoying a reputation enough to sway literary circles with his writing of poems. It's possible to confirm his past related to medical service only until age of 42, which is because description in "WooJam JabJeo" came to a halt there. The situation is that the contents of 'WooJam Mango' started from age of 46 and were carried on even until after his death by his followers. Therefore, there exists a very intense impression that he might have put a focus on the life as a literary man ever after his mid-40s. and considering that he breathed his last at the age of 79, it's not difficult for us to estimate that his life was predominantly a series of literary activities rather than a health care provider. The place names appearing in "WooJam JabJeo" and "WooJam Mango" are limited to today's Jeonlanam-do, and this researcher would say that the through-composed poems, which sang of the beauty of Gwangju area scenery are the works, deserve to get a spotlight in local history even today. Through the above discussion, this study could prove that WooJam is a flawless figure enough to represent Gwangju and Jeonlanam-do as a health care provider and a literary person as well.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.13-33
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• 2016

예술, 그 중에서도 문학은 인류의 감성에 늘 붙어 이야기하면서 글을 접한 타자를 울리기도 하고 웃기기도 한다. 그러한 문학의 치료적 기능의 관점에서 시를 어떻게 써야 하는지에 대한 통찰은 매우 유익한 것으로 기억될 것이다. 삶이라는 무형적 정형의 틀에 대한 문학의 치료적 효과는 물론 정형의 시에서 극한의 결과를 획득할 수 있다. 그러면, 정형의 틀 안에 어떻게 자유로운 인체의 뉴런에 관계된 면역시스템이나 문학의 약을 스며들게 할 것인가에 대한 탐색은 더욱 더 우리의 창작적 기법의 필요를 가중시킨다. 본 연구를 통해 "올바른 한국의 정형시 '시조' 쓰기"는 문학치료 효과를 더욱 확장시키며 삶의 질을 풍요롭게 해주는 것으로 판단되었다. 본고는 그러한 글쓰기 혹은 마음 쓰기에 대한 방법론을 제시하려고 한다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2000

This paper attempts to apply Markove chain theory to literary works. the objective of this paper is to show the trend of authors and his works by way of Markovian Models. In this introductory research, it is useful to make simple criteria as virtue and evil, good and bad, justice and injustice, positive and negative, man and woman, etc. Markovian transition matrixes which are derived by M.L.E. and A.U.E are almost same. In case of Hamlet, we are able to know the author of Hamlet or his works are inconsistent and fickle.

• 인문언어
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• 제6권
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• pp.7-31
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• 2004

This paper argues that (1) word-for-word literary translation is not possible; all it does is achieve what Chukovsky characterized as 'imprecise precision' (1984:47), (2) contra to Nida (1969) and others, translation does not just mean translating meaning, and (3) therefore, a translator must negotiate an uneasy but inevitable compromise between accuracy and elegance. To make the translated passage just as pleasing, moving, and cathartic as the original passage as much as possible, a great deal of literary skill is required on the part of the translator. The iniquity of translators is not so much infidelity as infertility to produce an offspring worthy of an heir to the original writer. Translators are not traitors; they are traders, or literary merchants, who trade one form of linguistic unit for another, often meaning for form, or sense for sound, but sometimes form for meaning. A translator then is not a man of treason but is a tradesman.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제63호
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• pp.43-82
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• 2016

본고는 16세기 호남 한시의 의상을 연구하는 데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 박상 임억령 고경명을 연구의 대상으로 삼고 의상(意象)을 방법론으로 고찰하였다. 본고가 파악한 호남 한시의 특징은 다음 두 가지이다. 첫째, '문재불용(文才不用)'의식과 변새(邊塞) 의상(意象)이다. 박상 임억령 고경명은 16세기 호남의 인재들로 뛰어난 문재(文才)를 가지고 중앙정계에 진출하였다. 그러나 당대는 훈구파가 정국을 주도하는 시기로서 3인은 좌절을 겪게 된다. 그러한 과정에서 그들은 부정(不正)의 현실인식(現實認識), 현실비판(現實批判) 및 회재불우(懷才不遇) 의식(意識)을 드러낸다. 그런데 3인에게 주목되는 개성적 면모는 회재불우(懷才不遇) 의식(意識)이다. 그들의 회재불우(懷才不遇)는 그 기저에 '근본적으로 문재(文才)를 인정받지 못해서 불우하다는 문재불용(文才不用)' 의식이 자리잡고 있기 때문이다. 이들이 '문재불용(文才不用)'에 민감했던 것은 그들의 중앙진출수단이 뛰어난 문재(文才)였기 때문에 문재(文才)가 차단 당하자 좌절도 그만큼 켰기 때문이다. '문재불용(文才不用)' 의식은 특히, 외직을 맡거나 실질이 없고 명분만 있는 군직(軍職)을 맡았을 때 두드려지게 나타나는데, 검(劍), 극(戟), 장군(將軍) 등의 변새(邊塞) 의상(意象)을 통해서 시화(詩化)되고 있었다. 둘째, '화이불류(和而不流)' 의식과 절조(節操) 의상(意象)이다. 박상 임억령 고경명은 정치현실에서 '문재불용(文才不用)'을 토로하면서도 지속적으로 정치에 참여하였다. 이는 도(道)가 행해지면 나가서 벼슬하고 도(道)가 행해지지 않으면 은거하여 학문과 인격을 닦는 유자 일반의 수기치인(修己治人)의 자세와는 변별되는 것이다. 이는 3인이 유하혜(柳下惠)의 '화이불류(和而不流)'를 정치적 삶의 표본으로 삼았기 때문이다. 따라서 3인은 부정(不正)의 현실이라고 외면하거나 떠나가지 않고 자신의 도를 곧게 세워 지속적으로 현실에 참여하고자 했던 것이다. 이러한 정신지향은 접붙인 매화, 꾀꼬리, 지주석 등의 의상을 통해 시화(詩化)되고 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.49-61
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• 1979

A review of this literature and discussions reveal a development of ideas concerning the elements of nursing models. The elements of a nursing model are the nurses view of the human being, nursing's goal, and nursing activities. It has long been recognized that human beings, at one time or another, require nursing care. Varieties of literature were reviewed in regard to the human being as recipient of nursing care through the theory development in nursing. Florence Nightingale initiated the modern era of nursing and described more clearly man as the recipient of nursing care. She looked at man as responding to the laws of nature whether the person was healthy or sick. Henderson added to Nightingale's concept of man , the recipient of nursing care by emphasizing that man is a whole, complete, and independent being. Her view is further specified by her enumeration of the activities the human being must perform. Johnson has developed a very comprehensive view of man as the recipient of nursing care. Man is a behavioral system which has a tendency to achieve and maintain stability in patterns of functioning. Like Nightingale, Johnson sees that similar patterns occur in both health and illness. Johnson postulates that the whole behavioral system of the human is composed of eight sub-systems: affiliative, achievement, aggressive, dependency, eliminative, ingestive, restorative, sexual. Roger's main contribution to the development of nursing models was her emphasis upon unitary man. She pointed out that man is a unified whole, possessing his own integrity and manifesting characteristics that“are more than and different from the sum of his parts.”Rogers focuses on the life processes of the human and points out that these processes have the following characteristics. Wholeness, openness, unidirectionality, pattern and organization, sentence, and thought. According to Roy, man is a biopsychosocial being in constant interaction with a changing environment. To cope with this changing environment, man has certain innate and acquired mechanisms. Man's ability to respond positively or to adapt, depends upon the degree of the change taking place and the state of the person coping with the change. When she analyzes man as an adaptive organism she further describes man as being composed of four adaptive modes: physiological needs, self-concept, role function, and interdependence. Based on the literary review through the theory development in nursing, general approach by a unified nursing model to a view of the recipient of nursing care may be stated as follows: Man is a unified whole composed of subsystems with a flexible and normal line of defense; his internal regulating mechanisms help him to cope with a changing environment; he functions by the principles of homeodynamics.

• 영미문화
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.99-125
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• 2010

This paper explores the political significance of a literary work, the hidden side beneath the ideology of founding America in Lydia Maria Child's Hobomok which reconstructs the history of the colonial period. The ideological strategy of founding America on racial discrimination is given a repeated representation in 19th-century American novels. Most works shed a negative light on Native Americans, whereas Hobomok stands out by presenting a positive picture of a miscegenation between a Native American man and a white woman, the acculturation of a half Indian into the white society. Furthermore, Child undoes distorted stereotypes about native Americans, exposing the Puritans' intolerant and exclusive attitudes and criticizing men who forced women to be obedient for the cause of nation and religion. However, Child also shows that she could not be free from the ideology of founding America which insisted on the superiority of the white's racial identity and excluded the Native Americans as beings who were destined to vanish gradually but eventually. Although Hobomok revises stereotypical representation of Native Americans as the other, it also serves for a political purpose, showing a politically inseparable relationship between literary works and the ideology of founding America.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제37권
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• pp.157-183
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• 2014

Although Marguerite Yourcenar, a representative French woman writer, lived 47 years in the United States from 1939 to 1987, the American influence on her life has not been studied either at home or abroad. The purpose of this study is to examine chronologically the American influence on the following three literary works of Yourcenar: The Little Mermaid (1942), River Deep, Dark River (1966) and Recluse (1982). The Little Mermaid is a drama, presented in musical format, about the identity crisis and inner conflict of Yourcenar. Unlike the little mermaid who burst like a bubble in Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale, Yourcenar associates her death with the image of ascension. River Deep, dark river is a translation of the Negro spiritual expressing the suffering of African Americans. Recluse, her last novel, deals with the life story of a simple man living in nature on a small island. This novel shows Yourcenar's desire for a pure world that is not defiled by human greed. Yourcenar sponsored major human rights organizations and environmental groups in her life, and donated her entire fortune for human rights and the protection of Wild Fauna and Flora. The American influence on the literary works of Yourcenar can be summarized as a "great turning point", because she was transformed from a humanistic writer into an intellectual actor.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제37권
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• pp.81-107
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• 2014

Freud's' discovery of the unconscious' is a great revolution. Because of this, human beings were able to get the opportunity to look into their inner than honest. Lu Xun and Guo Mo Ruo a pair of realism and romanticism literature representative of Chinese modern literature writers. They then absorb the psychoanalytic theory o Freud along with other Western zeitgeist, introduce them widely inliterary theory and creative practice, which was again. Lu Xun was reflected in the human world of the unconscious Freud uncovered on the basis of strict realism literary spirit, Guo Mo Ruo is in accordance with the romantic literary time for the purpose of 'art for art' depicting a man's inner psychological well did. Although Freud spirit they claim to social and literary artistry of literature based on different yarns in the Acceptance of analytical theory, has the characteristics of a common sentiment analysis method to express and describe the unconscious human potential. 5.4 When Lu Xun and Guo Mo Ruo China Journalism writers, including Freud's psychoanalytic theory has embraced the Enlightenment and the old feudal society was a major contribution to want to read exactly what the human inner hearing. Chinese modern literature writers have to accept sometimes positive, sometimes accepting the psychoanalytic theory was intellectually sharp criticism, which could be a great instrument in time to the 5.4 Enlightenment and psychological fiction novel further development.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제4호
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• pp.269-284
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• 1998

The purpose of this thesis is to understand Henry Jame's theory of the novel and to clarify the importance of him as a theorist. He developed many literary techniques through his dozens of works. But it is more important that he is a theorist who established the unique theory of novel through his critical essays. I arranged Jame's early theories, focusing on "The Art of Fiction" that was one of his major essays written in 1884. His main idea was that the purpose of novel was to represent life. The "experience" that James emphasized was composed of characters, impression and consciousness. "Psychological Realism", which is Jame's unique realism, reflected his interests in the inner mind of man. James believed in the capacity of human imagination as the source of creative inspiration and its ability to perceive reality in a manner that is more intense and comprehensive and transform it into a more balanced and orderly ideality. Henry James always insisted on the importance of writer's imagination. Another important imagination in Henry Jame's novel is the character's imagination. It is closely related with the consciousness, the heart of the Jame's literary world. James devised the new form of novel as well as the possibility of representation of mind. At this point, it is said that James was the pioneer of literary criticism. He evoked the trend of the early 20th century.