• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.621-629
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• 2014

Malaria is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of tropical countries with an estimated 207 million cases globally. In India, there are endemic pockets of this disease, including Aligarh. Hundreds of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax cases with severe pathological conditions are recorded every year in this district. The aim of this study is to find out changes in liver enzymes and kidney markers. Specific diagnosis for P. falciparum and P. vivax was made by microscopic examination of Giemsa stained slides. Clinical symptoms were observed in both of these infections. Liver enzymes, such as AST, ALT, and ALP, and kidney function markers, such as creatinine and urea, were estimated by standard biochemical techniques. In Aligarh district, P. vivax, P. falciparum, and mixed infections were 64%, 34%, and 2%, respectively. In case of P. falciparum infection, the incidences of anemia, splenomegaly, renal failure, jaundice, and neurological sequelae were higher compared to those in P. vivax infection. Recrudescence and relapse rates were 18% and 20% in P. falciparum and P. vivax infections, respectively. Liver dysfunctions and renal failures were more common in P. falciparum patients, particularly in elderly patients. Artesunate derivatives must, therefore, be introduced for the treatment of P. falciparum as they resist to chloroquine as well as sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combinations.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.743-750
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• 2016

Mus musculus (Rodentia: Muridae) has generally been infected with a rodent hookworm Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. In this report, we present morphological and molecular identification of N. brasiliensis by light and scanning electron microscopy and PCR amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene and the protein sequences encoded by cox1 gene, respectively. Despite the use of N. brasiliensis in many biochemistry studies from India, their taxonomic identification was not fully understood, especially at the species level, and no molecular data is available in GenBank from India. Sequence analysis of cox1 gene in this study revealed that the present specimen showed close identity with the same species available in GenBank, confirming that the species is N. brasiliensis. This study represents the first record of molecular identification of N. brasiliensis from India and the protein structure to better understand the comparative phylogenetic characteristics.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권15호
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• pp.6753-6759
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• 2015

Background: Loss of function of the p53 gene is implicated in defective apoptotic responses of tumors to chemotherapy. Although the pro-apoptotic roles of eugenol and capsaicin have been amply reported, their dependence on p53 for apoptosis induction in gastric cancer cells is not well elucidated. The aim of the study was to elucidate the role of p53 in the induction of apoptosis by eugenol and capsaicin in a human gastric cancer cell line, AGS. Materials and Methods: AGS cells were incubated with or without various concentrations of capsaicin and eugenol for 12 hrs, in the presence and absence of p53 siRNA. Cell cycling, annexin V and expression of apoptosis related proteins Bax, Bcl-2 ratio, p21, cyt c-caspase-9 association, caspase-3 and caspase-8 were studied. Results: In the presence of p53, capsaicin was a more potent pro-apoptotic agent than eugenol. However, silencing of p53 significantly abrogated apoptosis induced by capsaicin but not that by eugenol. Western blot analysis of pro-apoptotic markers revealed that as opposed to capsaicin, eugenol could induce caspase-8 and caspase-3 even in the absence of p53. Conclusions: Unlike capsaicin, eugenol could induce apoptosis both in presence and absence of functional p53. Agents which can induce apoptosis irrespective of the cellular p53 status have immense scope for development as potential anticancer agents.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.13-18
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• 1960

For the study on the sex ratio in natural populations of the different localities, the amphibian species were collected as the materials at the seven localities in Korea, and were obtained the following results. The sex ratios of each amphibian species suggest that each has it's own specific sex rations the following list. Rana nigromaculata H. : 109-39, Rana rugosa SCH. : 67.44, Rana temporaria coreana O. : 158.45, Hyla arborea japonica G. : 137.70. In Rana nigromaculata H. the average sex ratio was 109.39 as the above list, and its was reached statistically significant level according to the different localiies. The sex ratio was generally higher in the eastern area than that in the western area in this country. The sex ratio of the adult frogs of Rana nigromaculata H. was 135.18 , and it has a statistically significant level by each locality but the sex ratio of the younger frogs of the same species was 100.97 which was a little lower than that in the adult, and it was not laid at a significant level according to the localities. There is no doubt that the difference of sex ratios according to the localities was mainly due to the different ratios of the adult frogs which were effected on the constitution of sex by environmental factors in each locality.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.85-93
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• 1970

미토콘드리아의 Ca 결합은 물질대사에 의존하지 않는 初期 結合과 에너지 소비를 수반하는 膜透過의 二段階로 일어 난다는 설이 있다. 본 실험에서는 이를 확인키 위하여 흰쥐의 肝에 서 抽出한 미토콘드리아를 $^45 CaCl_2$를 함유한 sucrose-tris chloride 용액에서 incubate 시키면 서 Ca 흡수, 산소소비 및 ATPase 活性을 측정하였다. 미토콘드리아의 Ca 결합량은 온도의 영향을 거의 받지 않으며, succinate 나 ATP의 존재에 의해서도 증가하지 않는다. 반면 산소소비량은 succinate의 존재에 의하여 현저하게 증가되며 또 온도의 상승에 따라 증가된다. ATPase 活性도 온도의 상승에 따라 증가한다. 산소소비량과 Ca의 결합량이 비례하지 않는 것으로 보아 미토콘드리아의 Ca 초기 결합은 물질 대사에 의존하지 않는 것으로 판단된다. 미토콘드리아의 ATPase 活性은 DNP 의 존재에 의하여 증가된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 1999

Since 1993, the number of vivax malaria cases has increased every year in the northern part of the Republic of Korea (ROK). This study was designed to characterize factors related to the reemergence of malaria in the ROK. A total of 21 cases diagnosed in 1993 and 1994 distributed sporadically in the narrow zone along the demilitarized zone (DMZ). Of total 317 civilian inhabitant cases reported in 1994-1997, 287 cases were studied and 80.8% of them resided within 10km from the southern border of the DMZ. The frequency distribution of anti-Plasmodium vivax antibody titers using indirect fluorescent antibody test was compared in three villages in relation with distance from the DMZ. The number of inhabitants with high antibody titers was larger in the village nearest to the border than that in more distant villages. The present results highly suggested that the reemerging vivax malaria start in the border area, most possibly caused by infected mosquitoes which flew across the border. This pattern of transmission repeated year after year.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2006

Anthropophilic Culicoides were investigated in a rural community endemic for Mansonella perstans in Ijebu North area of western Nigeria between December 2003 and October 2004. Three hundred and fifty-nine adults of Culicoides fulvithorax collected by human bait in the morning were dissected for Mansonella perstans larvae, and $1.95\%$of infection rate was found. Seasonal abundance of C. fulvithorax was investigated by monthly biting rates, and showed that higher prevalence was observed in rainy season, with peak in September. Culicoides prevalence was positively correlated with rainfall and relative humidity, but not temperature. Human perceptions on the behavior of these biting midges were determined by interviewing 854 self-selected villagers, of which $86.5\%$ of the interviewees confessed having experienced Culicoides bites. Between 76.5 and $99.1\%$ of the various age groups complained body reactions to Culicoides bites. Itching was the most frequent body reaction. No interviewees associated Culicoides with transmission of any parasitic infections. The results showed need to adequately control Culicoides in the community.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.43-56
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• 1971

筋小胞體의 Ca 吸收能과 ATPase 活性을 各種 濃度의 K, Mg, caffeine, procaine, 및 quinine 존재하에서 측정하였다. ATP不在下에서 Ca吸收能은 K 또는 Mg의 농도가 증가함에 따라 低下된다. 그러나 ATP 존재하에서의 Ca吸收能은 K의 농도에는 거의 영향을 받지 않고, Mg의 농도가 증가함에 따라 현저히 증가한다. Caffeine과 procaine은 ATP 존재하의 Ca吸收能을 阻害하지만 quinine은 阻害하지 않는다. ATPase 活性은 K의 농도에는 영향을 받지 않으나 Mg의 존재에 의하여 증가된다. Caffeine, procaine 및 quinine은 이 活性에 거의 영향을 미치지 않는다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.44-67
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• 1987

담수 저서 생물군 중의 하나인 연체동물은 인간 생활에 있어 매우 중요하다. 이들은 먹이사슬(food chain)과 깊이 연관되어 있고 하상 퇴적물의 찌꺼기를 섭취하는 청소자로서의 역할 뿐 아니라 안간의 식용으로 이용되기도 한다. 어떤 종은 생태학적 지표종으로서의 역할을 하며, 어떤 종들은 지리적 특성과 연관성을 연구하는데 대상이 될 뿐 아니라 과거의 수계 형성과정을 추정하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 부정적 측면으로는 한국 담수산 권패류의 몇몇 종류는 인체의 흡충류 기생충을 전달하는 그들의 역할 때문에 실제 문제시 되고 있다. 그들의 이 같은 중요성에도 불구하고, 한국산 담수 연체동물에 대한 깊은 연구가 이루어지지 않고 있는바, 이는 부분적으로 한국에 서식하는 연체동물상을 동정함에 있어 쉽게 이용될 수 있는 적당한 분류체계가 부족하였기 때문이다. 본 논문의 첫째 목적은 한국산 담수 권패류를 속(genus)수준까지 동정할 수 있는 색인을 마련하고 그 분류기준을 세우는데 있으며, 둘째로는 한국산 담수 권패류에 대한 광범한 문헌을 수집하고 중요한 문헌의 순서에 따라 그 내용을 간략히 요약하여 앞으로의 연구자득에게 도움을 주고자 한 것이다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 1977

HeLa $S_3$세포에서 MMC에 의해 유발된 DNA회복합성은 농도$(0.05\\sim 0.5\\mu g/ml)$에 따른 증가를 보이지 않고 그 율도 비\ulcorner적 낮아 $0.1\\sim 0.5\\mu g/ml$ 농도에서 조사한 전 세포의 $7\\sim 9%$를 나타내고 있다. 시간 변화에 따른 실험에서는 MMC를 제거한 후 24시간까지 거의 비슷한 율로 DNA회복합성이 계속되고 있다. thymidine 상사체중 BUdR을 전처리한 군에서만이 MMC에 의한 DNA회복합성을 증가시켰다. 그러나 BUdR 또는 IUdR과 MMC를 복합처리 할 경우 시간경과에 따라 정상 DNA합성은 감소된다. 이들 결과는 MMC에 의해 유발된 DNA손상은 빠르고 느린 두단계로 회복됨을 암시하는 것이라 생각된다.