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Biting of anthropophilic Culicoides fulvithorax (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), a vector of Mansonella perstans in Nigeria  

AGBOLADE Olufemi-Moses (Parasitology and Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science and Applied Zoology, Olabisi Onabanjo University)
AKINBOYE Dora Olufunmilola (Parasitology Unit, Department of Zoology, University Of Ibadan)
OLATEJU Taiwo Monroof (Parasitology and Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Plant Science and Applied Zoology, Olabisi Onabanjo University)
AYANBIYI Oluwatoyin Adepeju (Department of Microbiology, Olabisi Onabanjo University)
KULOYO Olukayode Olakunle (Department of Microbiology, Olabisi Onabanjo University)
FENUGA Oluwalolami Oluwaseun (Department of Microbiology, Olabisi Onabanjo University)
Publication Information
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases / v.44, no.1, 2006 , pp. 67-72 More about this Journal
Abstract
Anthropophilic Culicoides were investigated in a rural community endemic for Mansonella perstans in Ijebu North area of western Nigeria between December 2003 and October 2004. Three hundred and fifty-nine adults of Culicoides fulvithorax collected by human bait in the morning were dissected for Mansonella perstans larvae, and $1.95\%$of infection rate was found. Seasonal abundance of C. fulvithorax was investigated by monthly biting rates, and showed that higher prevalence was observed in rainy season, with peak in September. Culicoides prevalence was positively correlated with rainfall and relative humidity, but not temperature. Human perceptions on the behavior of these biting midges were determined by interviewing 854 self-selected villagers, of which $86.5\%$ of the interviewees confessed having experienced Culicoides bites. Between 76.5 and $99.1\%$ of the various age groups complained body reactions to Culicoides bites. Itching was the most frequent body reaction. No interviewees associated Culicoides with transmission of any parasitic infections. The results showed need to adequately control Culicoides in the community.
Keywords
anthropophilic Culicoides; midge; biting rates; human perceptions; itching; swelling; ignorance; Nigeria;
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