• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.263-273
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• 2004

The effects of zinc surfactant (ZB) on the bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)disulfide (TESPD)-silica mixture in natural rubber (NR) and solution butadiene-co-styrene rubber(S-SBR) were compared with respect to their rheological property, processability, physical properties, and silica dispersion. In the NR compound, addition of the ZB increased the reversion resistance time (T-2), the tensile modulus, and the BO time; however, lowered the viscosity, the HBU, and tans values. In the S-SBR copound, addition of the ZB increased the $tan{\delta}$ values while lowered the T-2, the tensile modulus the BO time, the viscosity, and the HBU of the compound. In the NR compounds, addition of the ZB significantly increased the processability and mechanical property. However, in the S-SBR compounds, it improved the processability the mechanical property was not improved.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2011

The feasibility study of soil flushing was investigated to remediate lubricant oil and zinc contaminated railway soil. In this study, mixed washing agents of surfactant and inorganic acid/base were used for the simultaneous removal. The mixed washing agent of non-ionic surfactant and HCl removed 15% of the lubricant oil and 40% of zinc, respectively. Alkaline-enhanced soil washing process increased the removal of lubricant oil up to 40%. This is because alkaline solution reduced the interfacial tension between water phase and lubricant oil phase due to the soap formation reaction. To simulate in-situ soil flushing for the remediation of railroad-related contamination, two dimensional soil flushing was carried out based on the results of batch soil washing. In the soil flushing, the removal efficiencies of lubricant oil and zinc were 34% and 16%, respectively. Even though the removal efficiency was low, the mixed washing agent can remove metal and lubricant oil simultaneously.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2019

Carbon master batch (CMB) rubber sheets, which are stored in stacks, are difficult to separate during reuse because of the adhesion between sheets caused by the stacked weight over time. To solve this problem, in the actual rubber product manufacturing process, various anti-tacking agents (solid powder or liquid surfactants) are applied to the sheet surface. In this study, the emulsion samples of zinc (Zn)-stearate/triethanolamine (TEA)-stearate mixtures were prepared using TEA-stearate as a surfactant, prepared using an industrially manufactured Zn-stearate powder, and their basic anti-tacking properties were studied. During the process of manufacturing emulsion, a heat treatment process and an auxiliary surfactant were introduced to improve the dispersion stability. Results showed that the heat-treated sample exhibited a significant improvement in terms of sedimentation, storage stability, and anti-tacking characteristics since the Zn-stearate particles were reduced to a smaller size by the heat-treatment than that of the original Zn-stearate powder.

• 한국결정성장학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국결정성장학회 2000년도 Proceedings of 2000 International Nano Crystals/Ceramics Forum and International Symposium on Intermaterials
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• pp.35-58
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• 2000

The demand for sub-micrometer or nanometer functional ceramic powders with a better suspension behavior in aqueous media in increasing. Redispersible barium titanate (BT) nanocrystals, green light emitting Mn2+ doped Zn$_2$SiO$_4$ and ZnS nanoparticle phosphors were synthesized by a hydrothermal method or chemical precipitation with surface modification. The nanoparticle redispersibility for BT was achieved by using a polymeric surfactant. X-ray diffraction(XRD) results indicated that the BT particles are of cubic phase with 80 nm in size. XRD results of zinc silicate phosphor indicate that seeds play an important role in enhancing the nucleation and crystallization of Zn$_2$SiO$_4$ crystals in a hydrothermal condition. This paper describes and discuss the methods of surface modification, and the resulting related properties for BT, zinc silicate and zinc sulfide.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.416-422
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• 1993

${\alpha},{\beta}$-구리 및 무금속의 프탈로시아닌을 비이온성 계면활성제를 사용하여 수용액 중에서 산화아연에 흡착시켰더니, 첨가시킨 색소가 모두 흡착되었다. 계면활성제를 사용하지 않고 술폰화된 프탈로시아닌의 나트륨염인 경우는 Langmuir 단분자 흡착성을 나타내었다. 흡착상태에 따른 증감특성을 알기 위하여 진동용량형 표면 전위계를 사용하여 광기전력을 측정하였더니, 산화아연의 고유파장과 프탈로시아닌 색소의 흡수파장에서 높은 광기전력을 나타내었다. 계면활성제를 이용하여 흡착시킨 프탈로시아닌은 산화아연에 대한 피복율(${\theta}_{BET}$)이 약 80%에서 광기전력이 크게 나타났고, 술폰화된 프탈로시아닌은 피복율(${\theta}_{BET}$)이 약 30% 부근에서 광기전력이 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2018

Here we designed and synthesized new zinc phthalocyanines and structures were fully confirmed by spectral and elemental analysis. All phthalocyanines have a very good solubility in industrial solvents like chloroform, dichloromethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethyl formamide, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), acetone, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile. UV-Visible absorption and transmittance in PGMEA showed that these dyes have suitable spectral properties for LCD color filters. By Triton X surfactant study, we confirmed that these dyes are not showing any aggregation in PGMEA. We dissolved the all phthalocyanines in LCD fabricating solvent (PGMEA), and all phthalocyanines showed more than 8 wt% of solubility. Finally, all of these results concluded that PCK1, PCK2 and PCK3 are fit for LCD green color filter.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.58-68
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• 1992

아연을 함유하고 있는 산업폐기물로부터 첨단산업의 소재원료인 미립의 고순도 ZnO 분말을 아연제련의 용매추출 공정에서 직접 합성할 수 있는 방법을 개발하고자 하였다. 아연 함량이 55%인 선재산업의 폐기물을 황산으로 침출하여 아연을 추출하였다. 함아연 용액에서 철분을 침전시켜 제거한 후 D2EHPA를 추출제로 사용하는 용매추출에 의해 아연이온을 유기상으로 추출하여 정제한 뒤 oxalic acid와 같은 침전제를 사용하여 유기상의 아연 이온을 precipitation stripping 법으로 탈거, 침전시켜 $ZnC_2O_4$ 분말을 합성하였으며 이를 해소하여 99.9% 이상의 ZnO 분말을 제조하였다. 황산농도, 침출시간, 황액농도가 아연의 침출율에 미치는 영향과 용매추출시 용액의 산도에 따른 아연과 불순물의 추출거동을 조사하여 최적정제조건을 얻었다. 또한 oxalic acid의 농도, 온도, 계면활성제의첨가, 침전시간 등이 생성된 $ZnC_2O_4$ 분말의 형상과 입자크기 및 분포에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다.

• Carbon letters
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.190-197
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• 2009

Various silanes, amino silane, vinyl silane, sulfur silane (TESPD), and ZS (TESPD/zinc soap complex), are added into chlorinated isobutylene-isoprene copolymer (CIIR)/soft clay/carbon black (CB) and CIIR/hard clay/CB compounds and they are investigated with respect to the vulcanization characteristics, the processability, and the mechanical properties. Comparing hard clay and soft clay filled compounds, hard clay (Suprex) filled system shows a higher die C tear than the soft clay (GK) filled one. The other properties (Mooney, extrusion torque/pressure, torque rise ($M_H-M_L$), modulus at 300%) are close to each other. Among various silanes, the ZS treated hard clay (Suprex) compound shows the highest mechanical property following hard clay(S)/vinyl silane(V) and soft clay(GK)/vinyl silane(V) compounds. The TESPD and the ZS effectively helps a formation of a strong 3-dimensional network structure between silica and CIIR via coupling reaction due to bifunctional nature of TESPD. In addition to that, the ZS added compounds show both a better processability and mechanical properties compared to the S2 ones at low concentration due to improved compatibility between zinc soap and CIIR matrix. Only the ZS added compound shows both improved processabilities (Mooney, Extrusion torque-& pressure) and improved mechanical properties (degree of crosslinking, elongation modulus, tear, and fatigue to failure counts) on both CIIR/hard clay/CB and CIIR/soft clay/CB compounds.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2007

계면활성제를 첨가한 음향화학적 침전법으로 두 가지 크기의 아연페라이트 나노입자를 합성하였다. 열분석장치(TGA/DSC)를 이용하여 열적 특성 및 결정화 온도를 조사하였고, 결정구조 확인을 위하여 X선 회절실험을 실시하였다. 제조된 입자는 $240^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 결정생성이 시작되었으며, 결정구조는 전형적인 스피넬 구조를 나타내었다. Scherrer식에 의해 측정된 입자의 크기는 11.2nm와 13.4nm이었다. SQUID를 통하여 자기적 성질을 분석한 결과, 작은 크기의 입자에 대한 방해온도 $T_B$(Blocking temperature)가 큰 입자의 경우보다 더 높게 나타났다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2007

The most recent developments in two areas: (a) synthesis of inorganic particles with control over size and shape by polymer additives, and (b) synthesis of inorganic-polymer hybrid materials by bulk polymerization of blends of monomers with nanosized crystals are reviewed. The precipitations of inorganics, such as zinc oxide or calcium carbonate, in presence and under the control of bishydrophilic block or comb copolymers, are relevant to the field of Biomineralization. The application of surface modified latex particles, used as controlling agents, and the formation of hybrid crystals in which the latex is embedded in otherwise perfect crystals, are discussed. The formation of nano sized spheres of amorphous calcium carbonate, stabilized by surfactant-like polymers, is also discussed. Another method for the preparation of nanosized inorganic functional particles is the controlled pyrolysis of metal salt complexes of poly(acrylic acid), as demonstrated by the syntheses of lithium cobalt oxide and zinc/magnesium oxide. Bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate blends, with for example, nanosized zinc oxide, revealed that the mechanisms of tree radical polymerization respond to the presence of these particles. The termination by radical-radical interaction and the gel effect are suppressed in favor of degenerative transfer, resulting in a polymer with enhanced thermal stability. The optical properties of the resulting polymer-particle blends are addressed based on the basic discussion of the miscibility of polymers and nanosized particles.