• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.187-193
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• 1990

Ganoderma lucidum has been widely used not only as ingredients in herbal medicine but also in pharmacological soft drinks. The author collected for analysis of content of 8 kinds of heavy metal(Cd, pb, Hg, Cu, Mn, Fe, As) in soil and cluture soil in an around the Taegu area including Sang Ju, Non Gong, Keum Ho, and Weol Bae. THe toxic content in Gaoderma lucidum showed relatively low level as in cadmium lead mercury arsenic : 0.8-0.13ppm 0.17-1.43ppm 0.02-0.32ppm 0.01-0.19ppm respectively : in copper mangenese zinc and iron : 0.93-4.29ppm, 0.37-2.18ppm 1.02-1.65ppm, 4.57-11.04ppm those grown in soil showed higher percentages of content than those grown on logs in lead copper zinc and iron by 43.2% 68.6%, 20.3% and 43.2% respectively. The content of heavy metals in those grown in soil and culture soil tended to be higher in the areas near factories of industrial complexes especially in manganese and iron. The content of heavy metals in soil and culture soil appeared lower than the mean values of Korean Soil. No interrelationship was found in the content of heavy metals between those of Ganoderma lucidum grown on logs and those grown in soil. In case of pot cultivation however the mushroom spawns are grown originally in soil which seems to influence the degree of content of heavy metals of media.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.92-92
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• 2010

Replacing the existing illumination with solid-state lighting devices, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are expected to reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution as they provide better efficiency and longer lifetimes. Currently, white light emitting diodes are composed of UV or blue LED with down-converting materials such as highly luminescent phosphors White light-emitting diodes (LED) were fabricated with multi-shell nanocrystal quantum dots for enhanced luminance and improved stability over time. Multi-shell quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized through one pot process by using the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method. As prepared, the multi-shell QD has cubic lattice of zinc-blend structure with semi-spherical shape with quantum yield of higher than 60 % in solution. Further, highly fluorescent multi-shell QD was deposited on the blue LED, which resulted in QD-based white LED with high luminance with excellent color rendering properties.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2002

공단 하수오니의 농경지 유입에 따른 토양의 중금속 함량과 작물체로의 중금속 흡수이행에 미치는 석회시용 효과를 조사하였다. 공단하수오니 및 돈분퇴비를 각각 25, 50 Mg/ha 시용토양에 석회를 3 Mg/ha 처리하여 알타리무를 재배 수확한 후 토양과 작물체 중의 중금속 함량을 분석하였다. 시험후 토양의 중금속 함량은 공단하수오니구에서 대조구 (NPK 처리구) 및 돈분퇴비구보다 높았으며, 특히 공단하수오니 50 Mg/ha 시용구에서는 구리, 아연, 니켈 및 크롬함량이 대조구와 비교하여 12$\sim$48배 높은 농도를 보였다. 공단하수오니 시용으로 알타리무로 흡수 이행된 구리, 아연 및 니켈 함량은 증가하여 알타리무 엽중의 농도가 식물독성 피해농도를 초과하는 수준이였다. 공단하수오니 시용토양에서 석회시용으로 알타리무 엽과 뿌리중 구리, 아연 및 니켈 함량은 크게 경감되었으며, 시험후 토양의 pH와 알타리무중 구리, 아연 및 니켈 함량과는 고도의 부의 상관을 보였다 이상의 결과에서 석회시용이 중금속이 다량 함유된 하수오니 유입으로 인한 작물의 독성피해와 중금속 흡수 이행성을 경감시킬 수 있는 일시적인 개량방법으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2000

Although commercial PIV systems have been widely used for the non-intrusive velocity field measurement of fluid flows, they are still under development and have considerable room for improvement. In this study, a single-frame double-exposure PIV system using a high-resolution CCD camera was developed. A pulsed Nd:Yag laser and high-resolution CCD camera were synchronized by a home-made control circuit. In order to resolve the directional ambiguity problem encountered in the single-frame PIV technique, the second particle image was genuinely shifted in the CCD sensor array during the time interval dt. The velocity vector field was determined by calculating the displacement vector at each interrogation window using cross-correlation with 50% overlapping. In order to check the effect of spatial resolution of CCD camera on the accuracy of PIV velocity field measurement, the developed PIV system with three different resolution modes of the CCD camera (512 ${\times}$ 512, lK ${\times}$ IK, 2K ${\times}$ 2K) was applied to a turbulent flow which simulate the Zn plating process of a steel strip. The experimental model consists of a snout and a moving belt. Aluminum flakes about $1{\mu}m$ diameter were used as scattering particles for the liquid flow in the zinc pot and the gas flow above the zinc surface was seeded with atomized olive oil with an average diameter of 1-$3{\mu}m$. Velocity field measurements were carried out at the strip speed $V_s$=1.0 m/s. The 2K ${\times}$ 2K high-resolution PIV technique was significantly superior compared to the smaller pixel resolution PIV system. For the cases of 512 ${\times}$ 512 and 1K ${\times}$ 1K pixel resolution PIV system, it was difficult to get accurate flow structure of viscous flow near the wall and small vortex structure in the region of large velocity gradient.

• Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology : HEB
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.775-786
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• 2018

To test the hypothesis that humic acid (HA), anaerobically digested pig slurry filtrate (APS), and their combination would differently affect the chemical speciation and extractability of metals (cadmium, copper, and zinc) and their uptake by plants, we conducted a pot experiment using wormwood in two texturally contrasting soils (sandy loam and clay loam) collected from a field near an abandoned Cu mine. Four treatments were laid out: HA at $ 23.5g\;kg^{-1}$ (HA), APS at $330mL\;kg^{-1}$ (APS), HA at $ 23.5g\;kg^{-1}$ and APS at $330mL\;kg^{-1}$ (HA + APS), and a control. Each treatment affected the chemical speciation and mobility of the metals, and thereby resulting in variable patterns of plant biomass yield and metal uptake. The APS supported plant growth by increasing nutrient availability. HA supported or hindered plant growth by impacting the soil's water and nutrient retention capacity and aeration, in a soil texture-dependent manner, while consistently enhancing the immobilization of heavy metals. Temporal increases in whole-plant dry matter yield and metal accumulation suggested that the plants were capable of metal hyperaccumulation. The results were discussed in terms of the mobility of metals and plant growth and corroborated by the $^{15}N$ recovery of soil- and plant-N pools under H and HS treatments. Therefore, for effective phytoremediation of polluted soils, an appropriate combination of plant growth promoters (APS) and chelating agents (HA) should be predetermined at the site where chemical stabilization of pollutants is desired.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.98-105
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• 1983

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Zn and Pb concentration on seed germination and plant growth in water and soil culture, and the frequency of chlorosis invegetation and the relationship between plants and soil in the Sambo mine. The inhibition of germination were observed in 1000ppm of Zn, 10ppm of Pb and 5000ppm of Zn + Pb, but germination was more stimulated in 10ppm of Zn than control. The symptoms of chlorosis and abnormality were occurred in plant leaves grown to the soils treated with more than 1000ppm of Pb. Reasons of chlorosis were considered as an antagonistic effect of other metals towards uptake of iron by the plant in Zn treatment. The contents of Zn and Pb in fruits were lower than those of leaves, and that was remarked in case of Pb. With increasing rate of Zn and Pb treatment, chemical components of soils in pot culture were accompanied by slight decrease in pH, total nitorgen and exchangeable K. Chlorotic individuals of 10 species were shown in the areas of the Sambo mine. Chlorotic symptoms were especially extensive and severe in Sophora angustifolia, Populus alba, Spiraea prunifolia, Amorpha fruticota, Lespedeza bicolor and Salix dependens. Plants in the investigated areas grew in soils containing Zn of 311ppm and Pb of 151ppm on an average, and accumulated Zn of 2084ppm and Pb of 49ppm.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2019

본 연구는 적상추(Lactuca sativa var crispa L.)가 아연을 축적함에 따라 발생하는 분광학적 반응특성을 고찰하기 위해, 대조군(T0)과 1 mM(ZnT1), 5 mM(ZnT2), 10 mM(ZnT3), 50 mM(ZnT4), 100 mM(ZnT5)로 처리된 실험군을 제작하여 분실험을 실시하였다. 대조군의 아연함량은 134-181 mg/kg의 범위로 오염되지 않은 농작물이 갖는 정상수준의 아연함량을 보였다. 그러나 아연용액의 주입농도가 증가하고 시간이 경과함에 따라 실험군 내 아연함량은 증가하였다. 적상추의 분광반사도는 적색밴드에서 안토시아닌에 의한 높은 피크, 적외선 대역에서 세포구조의 산란효과로 인한 높은 반사도, 그리고 물에 기인한 흡광특성이 관찰되었다. 적상추 내 아연이 고농도로 축적됨에 따라 녹색과 적색밴드에서는 반사도가 증가하고 적외선 대역에서는 반사도가 감소하였다. 아연함량과 분광반사도 사이의 상관관계 분석결과는 700-1300 nm의 파장대역이 아연함량과 유의한 음의 상관관계를 가짐을 보여주었다. 해당 파장대역은 잎 중의 세포구조와 밀접한 관계가 있는 파장대역으로 아연함량이 증가함에 따라 잎 중의 세포구조가 파괴됨을 지시한다. 특히 적외선 대역 중 700-800 nm은 아연함량과 가장 강한 상관관계를 보여주었다. 본 연구는 적상추의 중금속 오염을 분광학적으로 인지하여 광업 및 농업지역 주변 토양 내 중금속 오염을 조사하는데 활용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생태학회 2002년도 VIII 세계생태학대회
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• pp.119-125
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• 2002

Application of phytoremediation in the polluted area to remove undesirable materials is a complex and difficult subject without detailed investigation and experimentation. We investigated the accumulation patterns of cadmium and lead in plants naturally grown, the bioavailability of plants to accumulate these toxic metals and the responses of P. thunbergii to cadmium and lead. The soil samples contained detectable lead (<17.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/g), whereas cadmium was not detected in the soils of study area. The whole body of Persicaria thunbergii contained detectable lead (<320.8$\mu\textrm{g}$/g) but cadmium was detected only in the stem (<7.4$\mu\textrm{g}$/g) and root (<10.4$\mu\textrm{g}$/g) of P. thunbergii. Cadmium was not detected in Trapa japonica and Nymphoides peltata, whereas lead was detected in T. japonica (<323.7$\mu\textrm{g}$/g) and N. peltata (<177.5$\mu\textrm{g}$/g). Correlation coefficient between lead content in soil and in these plant samples represented positive correlation. The total content of lead in each plant sample increased in the order of N.peltata$\leq$P.thunbergii

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2002

Application of phytoremediation in the polluted area to remove undesirable materials is a complex and difficult subject without detailed investigation and experimentation. We investigated the accumulation patterns of cadmium and lead in plants naturally grown, the bioavailability of plants to accumulate these toxic metals and the responses of P. thunbergii to cadmium and lead. The soil samples contained detectable lead (＜$17.5_\mu$g/g), whereas cadmium was not detected in the soils of study area. The whole body of Persicaria thunbergii contained detectable lead (＜320.$8_\mu$g/g/g) but cadmium was detected only in the stem (＜7.$4_\mu$g/g/g) and root (＜10.$4_\mu$g/g/g) of P. thunbergii. Cadmium was not detected in Trapa japonica and Nymphoides peltata, whereas lead was detected in T. japonica (＜323.$7_\mu$g/g/g) and N. peltata (＜177.$5_\mu$g/g/g). Correlation coefficient between lead content in soil and in these plant samples represented positive correlation. The total content of lead in each plant sample increased in the order of N. peltata$\leq$P. thunbergii

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.330-340
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• 2019

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the integrated effect of zinc (Zn) with other nutrients in managing early blight (EB) disease in tomato. A pot experiment was carried out with basal application of the recommended level of macronutrients [nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK)] and micronutrients [magnesium (Mg) and boron (B)] in bilateral combination with Zn (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) in a completely randomized deigned in replicates. Results revealed that interactive effect of Zn with Mg or B was often futile and in some cases synergistic. Zn with NPK yield synergistic outcome, therefore EB disease was managed significantly (disease incidence: 25% and percent severity index: 13%), which resulted in an efficient signaling network that reciprocally controls nutrient acquisition and uses with improved growth and development in a tomato plant. Thus, crosstalk and convergence of mechanisms in metabolic pathways resulted in induction of resistance in tomato plant against a pathogen which significantly improved photosynthetic pigment, total phenolics, total protein content and defense-related enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL)]. The tremendous increase in total phenolics and PAL activity suggesting their additive effect on salicylic acid which may help the plant to systemically induce resistance against pathogen attack. It was concluded that interactive effect of Zn (5.0 mg/kg) with NPK significantly managed EB disease and showed positive effect on growth, physiological and biochemical attributes therefor use of Zn + NPK is simple and credible efforts to combat Alternaria stress in tomato plants.