• Membrane Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.285-291
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• 2014

The PTMSP[Poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne)]-NaY zeolite composite membranes were prepared by adding 0~50 wt% NaY zeolite to PTMSP. In order to investigate the characteristics of these membranes, we used the analytical methods such as FT-IR, $^1H$-NMR, GPC, DSC, TGA, and SEM. Gas permeation experiments were carried out at $23{\sim}26^{\circ}C$, $2kgf/cm^2$, and the permselectivity of $H_2$ and $N_2$ gases through the composite membranes was studied as a function of the NaY zeolite contents. According to TGA measurements, when NaY zeolite was inserted within the PTMSP, thermal stability of PTMSP was enhanced. Based on SEM observation, NaY zeolite was dispersed in the PTMSP-NaY zeolite composite membrane with a size of $1.5{\mu}m$. The permeability of $H_2$ and $N_2$ through the PTMSP-NaY zeolite composite membranes increased as NaY zeolite content increased. On the contrary, the selectivity($H_2/N_2$) of the PTMSP-NaY zeolite composite membranes decreased as zeolite content increased.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.75-89
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• 2001

Constructed wetlands were typically cost less to build and operate, and require less energy than standard mechanical treatment technology but they have similar performance to centralized wastewater treatment plants. Therefore, they were constructed especially many in rural areas, where are small villages but not industries. Accordingly, plantless column tests were performed to investigate the possibility on using zeolite as a filter medium of constructed wetland for the wastewater treatment. $COD_{cr}$ removal efficiency was 94.63% at hydraulic load $314L/m^2{\cdot}d$ and filtering hight 100cm filled with a zeolite mixture. This zeolite mixture consisted of 1 : 1 by volume of a zeolite in the diameter range of 0.5 to 1mm to a zeolite in the diameter range of 1 to 3mm. According, hydraulic load $314L/m^2{\cdot}d$ was considered as optimal. Three zeolite mixture were used to determine the optimal mixing ratio by volume of a zeolite(A) in the diameter range of 0.5 to 1mm to a zeolite(B) in the diameter range of 1 to 3mm diameter. 1 : 3, 1 : 1 and only B in A to B by volume were tested at hydraulic load $314L/m^2{\cdot}d$ and filtering hight 100cm. $COD_{cr}$ removal efficiency was more than 89% at mixing ratios of 1 : 3 and 1 : 1 in A to B. Removal efficiency was lower at the column filled with only B. Removal efficiency was better at filter medium filled with mixing ratio 1 : 1 in A to B than with the other mixing ratios. Thus, it was found that the mixture of mixing ratio 1 : 1 in A to B was appropriate for filter medium of constructed wetland. Removal efficiency was higher in down-flow than in up-flow, and $COD_{cr}$ and BOD were removed best in 20cm filter height near feeding area.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.218-224
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• 2015

Zeolite may help crop growth, yield increase, and salt removal. Field experiment under greenhouse cultivation was conducted to study the effect of zeolite application on growth and yield of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) and soil. Soil was classified as Gyuam series (coarse silty, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Aquic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts). Six zeolite rates were 0, 3, 5, 10, 20 and $40Mg\;ha^{-1}$. Experimental design was a completely randomized design. Chinese cabbage was grown three times consecutively. Established plant number of plant and yield as fresh weight (F.W.) were measured and soil samples were taken before and after harvesting. Chinese cabbage yield was $76.9Mg\;ha^{-1}$ at a rate of $20Mg\;zeolite\;ha^{-1}$, $54.3Mg\;ha^{-1}$ at a rate of $5Mg\;zeolite\;ha^{-1}$, and $51.3Mg\;ha^{-1}$ at control (no zeolite), respectively. Second order regression analysis using zeolite rate and yield showed that optimum zeolite application rate was between 24 and $26Mg\;ha^{-1}$. The regression equation explained about 88% of the yield variability. The electrical conductivity (EC) decreased from 3.2 to $1.0dS\;m^{-1}$ for all treatments so that salt accumulation was not a concern. Based on the results, we recommend that optimum zeolite application rate is between 20 and $24Mg\;ha^{-1}$ for Chinese cabbage under greenhouse cultivation.

• Clean Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.287-294
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• 2013

The $NH_3$-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reaction of NO with excess of oxygen were systematically investigated over Cu-zeolite and Fe-zeolite catalysts. Cu-zeolite and Fe-zeolite catatysts to adapt the SCR technology for mobile diesel engines were prepared by liquid ion exchange and incipient wetness impregnation of $NH_4$-BEA and $NH_4$-ZSM-5 zeolites. The catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, FE-TEM (field emission transmission electron microscopy) and SEM/EDS. The SCR examinations performed under stationary conditions showed that the Cu-exchanged BEA catalyst revealed pronounced performance at low temperatures of $200{\sim}250^{\circ}C$. With respect to the Fe-zeolite catalyst, the Cu-zeolite catalyst showed a higher activity in the SCR reaction at low temperatures below $250^{\circ}C$. BEA zeolite based catalyst exhibited good activity in comparison with ZSM-5 zeolite based catalyst at low temperatures below $250^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.277-282
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• 2013

This study is an experimental attempt to confirm the binder effect of zeolite coating on glass plate by heat treatment. As a result, zeolite was successfully formed with low concentratios of pressure, whose concentration was effective in 10% or more for thin film zeolite coating. And as the content of the binder (TEOS) in mixed coating solution was higher, the zeolite was fastened better on the surface. Above 5% content of the binder in the coating solution, TEOS hindered zeolite synthesis of the precursor and brought to zeolite capacity decrease. Furthermore, when the concentration of the precursor, sedimentation rate of the precursor was higher and the coating efficiency is reduced thereby. Therefore, the most effective concentrations of the precursor and TEOS in the coating solution was 10% and 5%, respectively. It was concluded that zeolite coating is produced by heat treatment method after dipping without hydrothermal synthesis.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 1973

Korean bentonite was treated with aqueous NaOH solution under the reaction conditions such as concentration of NaOH, 0.5-6N; ratio of $Na_{2}O$ to $SiO_2$, 1-4; reaction time, 2-30 days; reaction temperature, $70^{\circ}C-90^{\circ}C$. The products were examined by X-ray diffraction patterns. When it was treated with 2N NaOH at $70^{\circ}C$, zeolite species $P_1$ was formed with good yield. In higher concentration and at higher temperature than above, zeolite species $P_1$ was converted to hyeroxysodalite. Together with these crystals, some faujasite type zeolite, sodium A zeolite, mordenite type zeolite etc. was formed depending upon reaction conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.6-13
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• 1999

NaX zeolite crystal were grown from seed elements of synthetic NaX(2~3$\mu\textrm{m}$) Powder in a mother liquor having an approximate reactant composition ${4.12{Na}_{2}O{\cdot}{Al}_{2}{O}_{3}{\cdot}3.5{SiO}_{2}{\cdot}593{H}_{2}O$.The result was that crystallization time of NaX zeolite was reduced with adding seed materials to the initial mixture and crystal size was reduced . but with increasing crystallization time, NaX zeolite. In this study, We investigated detailed factors which NaX crystal has been determined by a combination of SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and BET.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.3-9
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• 2002

Relnoval of ammonia from aqueous solutions has been studied with zeolite and bentonite minerals. Zeolite and bentonite powder were supplied by a domestic company and used as delivered without further purification. The aqueous pH was found to increase by addition of zeolite or bentonite up to pH 8.5 from initial pH of 5.5∼5.7. From the C.E.C. measurement by ammonium acetate leaching method, the values of C.E.C. of zeolite and bentonite sample were observed to be 129.7 meq/100 gr and 65.1 meq/100 gr, respectively and Na+ ion accounted for the major part of total C.E.C. in both cases. In the removal of ammonia with zeolite and bentonite, physical adsorption of ammonium ion onto minerals was believed to contribute to the removal of it as well as the intrinsic cation exchange reaction. Finally, zeolite was found to be superior to bentonite in the removal of ammonia from aqueous solutions.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.258-261
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• 2006

The addition of zeolite particles enhances the stability of mRNA molecules in a cell-free protein synthesis system. When $20{\mu}g/{\mu}L$ of zeolite (Y5.4) is added to a reaction mixture of cell-free protein synthesis, a substantial increase in protein synthesis is observed. The stabilizing effect of zeolite is most dearly observed in an in vitro translation reaction directed by purified mRNA, as opposed to a coupled transcription and translation reaction. Upon the addition of zeolite in the in vitro translation reaction, the life span of the mRNA molecules is substantially extended, leading to an 80% increase in protein synthesis. The effect of zeolite upon the mRNA stability appears be strongly related to the cation exchange (potassium to sodium) reaction. Our results demonstrate the possibility of modifying this biological process using heterogeneous, non-biological substances in a cell-free protein synthesis system.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.155-157
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• 1987

Parameters of intraframework potential function suitable for aluminophosphate-5($AIPO_4-5$) are obtained by the constraint method. Using these parameters, we calculated the stabilization energies and their second derivatives of framework atoms and these values are compared with those of zeolite A. It is found that the oxygen atoms in $AIPO_4-5$ framework are more stable than those of zeolite A and that the aluminum atom is also more stable than that of zeolite A. On the other hand, the phosphorus atom in $AIPO_4-5$ framework, in which the silicon atoms of aluminosilicate are replaced by the phosphorus atom, is less stable than the silicon atom of aluminosilicate framework of dehydrated zeolite A.