• ALGAE
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2010

To test the feasibility of using chlorophyll ${\alpha}$ fluorescence to assess the establishment success of seagrass transplants, photosynthetic characteristics of eelgrass Zostera marina transplants were measured using a Diving-pulsed amplitude modulation fluorometer in Jindong Bay on the southern coast of Korea. Maximum quantum yield ($F_v/F_m$), photosynthetic efficiency ($\alpha$), saturating irradiance ($E_k$) and maximum electron transport rate ($ETR_{max}$) of transplants and reference plants in a nearby transplant site were measured using the fluorometer for 5 months. Additionally, shoot morphology, individual shoot weight and productivity of transplants and reference plants were also monitored. Shoot height, leaf weight and productivity of transplants were significantly reduced during the first two or three months after transplantation compared to those of reference plants, and then increased to the levels of reference plants Characteristics of chlorophyll a fluorescence, including $F_v/F_m$, $\alpha$, $E_k$ and $ETR_{max}$ of transplants were also significantly reduced in the initial period, but recovered slightly sooner than shoot morphology or leaf productivity. These results indicated that after transplantation, Z. marina transplant photosynthesis recovered faster than shoot morphology, biomass or productivity. Thus, chlorophyll a fluorescence can be used as an indicator for early assessment of the status of eelgrass transplants without destructive sampling.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2005

남해안의 동대만과 앵강만에 생육하는 거머리말 개체군의 생물계절학과 생식 능력을 2002년 9월부터 2003년 8월까지 조사하였다. 동대만의 퇴적물 입도는 앵강만보다 세립하였으며, 퇴적물의 유기물 함량도 유의하게 높았다. 동대만의 수온은 $7.5^{\circ}C$(2월)에서 $25.5^{\circ}C$(8월)까지 분포하였으며, 앵강만은$6.7^{\circ}C$(2월)에서부터 $25.2^{\circ}C$(9월)까지 분포하였다. 두 지역의 거머리말 개체군은 다년생의 생활사를 보였으며, 생식지의 생식 능력들은 동대만이 앵강만보다 유의하게 높았다. 동대만의 생식지는 2003년 2월부터 6월까지 출현하였으나, 앵강만에서는 2003년 3월부터 6월까지 출현하였다. 동대만에서 생식지의 생육밀도는 $11{\sim}33%$를 차지하였으나, 동대만에서는 5% 이하로 나타났다. 생식지의 구조적인 특징은 육수화서 내 열매와 종자 수를 제외하고 동대만에서 유의하게 높았다. 두 생육지에서 거머리말 개체군의 생식 단계의 출현 시기는 수온과 관계하는 것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권spc1호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2006

We measured the secondary production of the amphipod Monocorophium acherusicum Costa in a seagrass bed (Zostera marina L.) in Gwangyang Bay, southern Korea. M. acherusicum biomass was positively correlated (P<0.05) with seagrass standing crop, suggesting that there were biological interactions between the two species. M. acherusicum displays two main breeding periods per year: spring (March to April) and fall (October to November). M. acherusicum biomass in the spring breeding periods was higher than in the fall. Annual secondary production of M. acherusicum was 3.54 g DW/$m^2$/yr with an annual P/B ratio of 3.48. Secondary production and the P/B ratio of M. acherusicum were lower than those observed for other amphipods inhabiting seagrass beds. These results suggest that biological interactions between M. acherusicum and seagrass, as well as dietary competition with other amphipods can potentially cause declines in secondary production and the P/B ratio.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2004

Feeding habits of Sillago japonica collected from in an eelgrass (Zostera marina) bed in Jindong Bay, Korea were studied. S. japonica was a carnivore which consumed mainly gammarid amphipods, polychaetes, bivalves, caridean shrimps and crabs. Its diets also included a small amount of fishes, copepods and caprellid amphipods. The diet of S. japonica underwent significant size-related changes; small individuals (<5cm SL) fed mainly on gammarid amphipods and crab larvae, while proportion of polychaetes and bivalves increased with increasing fish size and gammarid amphipods were also important prey for medium size individuals (5.1-9.9cm SL). The large individuals (>10cm SL) ate polychaetes, caridean shrimps and crabs. The dietary breadth of S. japonica were varied with size. The diet of S. japonica also underwent seasonal changes that could be related to differences in prey availability; gammarid amphipods were mainly consumed in spring and polychaetes in summer.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.358-367
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• 2010

Feeding habits of Acentrogobius pellidebilis collected from in an eelgrass(Zostera marina) bed from January to December 2006 were studied. A. pellidebilis ranged form 1.6 to 6.9 cm in standard length were determined. A. pellidebilis was a carnivore which consumed mainly copepods, polychaetes, and amphipods. Its diets included small quantities of isopods, seaweeds, nematods, and gastropods. It showed ontogenetic changes in feeding habits. Smaller individuals (<2.0cm SL) fed mainly on copepods. While the consumption of copepods decreased with increasing fish size, the consumption of polychaetes and amphipods were increased. Dietary breadth index was varied with fish size.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
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• pp.192.2-192.2
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• 2003

Apigenin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside, chrysoeriol, and luteolin were isolated from the aqueous ethanolic extract of Zostera marina L. leaves as the scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the SC$\_$50/ values of 0.18 mM, 0.68 mM, and 0.18 mM against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 0.04 mM, 0.03 mM, and 0.01 mM against superoxide radicals in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, respectively. The luteolin suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) up to 44% at 4.0 ${\mu}$M. (omitted)

• 생태와환경
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• 제33권4호통권92호
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• pp.336-341
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• 2000

자연 기수호인 화진포호에서 자생하는 거머리말(Zostera marina)의 분포와 생육환경을 파악하기 위하여 1998년 6월과 2000년 7월에 식물체와 퇴적물을 채집하여 수질과 함께 분석하였다. 거머리말 초지의 분포는 해수와 담수의 수체의 소통이 원활한 지역으로 수심 $0.8{\sim}l.5\;m$에 서식하였으며, 초지의 면적은 약 $3,200\;m^2$로 해안과 연결되는 호수 입구 쪽을 따라 길게 분포하였다. 서식지의 염분은 $8.0{\sim}23.0%_o$, 수온은 $22.0{\sim}23.7{\circ}C$, pH는 $8.34{\sim}8.62$으로 나타났으며, 영양염의 농도는 인접한 해양의 거머리말 생육지 보다 낮았다($TN:\; 24.34\;{\mu}M$, NH_4-N:\;2.57\;{\mu}M$, $NO_3-N:\;0.56\;{\mu}M$, $NO_2-N:\;0.27\;{\mu}M,$, $TP:\;2.08\;{\mu}M$, $PO_4-P\;:\;0.34\;{\mu}M$). 조사지역의 부유형물질 (Suspended particulate matter, SPM)의 농도는 62.8 mg/l이였으며, 입자성유기물질 (particulate organic matter, POM)은 평균 21.3mg/l로서 평균 33.9%의 부유 유기물 함량을 나타내었다. 서식지의 퇴적환경은 4 cm까지는 호기성이었으며, $3.13{\varphi}$의 세립한 사질로 구성되었다. 식물체의 외부 형태는 협엽성 거머리말의 형태적 특징을 나타내었으며,식물체의 길이는 $70.0{\sim}126.5\;cm$, 잎 너비는 $5{\sim}7\;mm$의 범위로 나타났다. 단위 면적당 서식밀도는 $264{\sim}296$개체이었으며, 개체당 건중량은 $1.26{\pm}0.75g$로 나타났다 화진포호의 거머리말 초지의 생물량은 $332.6{\sim}373.0g/m^2$의 범위이었다. 한반도에서 거머리말의 생육환경은 기수호인 화진포호까지 분포되었으며, 형태학적인 특징이 다양하게 출현하였다.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2000년도 춘계수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.406-407
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• 2000

한반도에 서식하는 해초(Seagrass) 중 거머리말속(Zostera, Zosteraceae)은 거머말(Zostera marina), 애기거머리말(Z. japonica), 왕거머리말(Z. asiatica), 수거머리(Z. caulescens), 포기거머리말(Z. caespitosa) 5종이 기재되었다 (Miki, 1932). 이 해들은 연안의 사질 또는 사니질에 서식하며 생태계에 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 그러나 연안의 매립과 개발로 인해 이들 해초지의 감소와 연안생태계의 붕괴가 진행되고 있으나 해초에 대한, 특히 Zostera속에 대한 연구는 미진하다.(중략)

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2001년도 춘계 수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.275-276
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• 2001

한반도에 자생하는 해산현화식물인 거머리말속 (Zostera, 잘피)의 거머리말 (Zostsra marina), 애기거머리말 (Z. japonica), 수거머리말(Z. caulescens)과 포기거머리말 (Z. caespitosa)들은 연안의 사질과 사니질에 생육하며 생태계에 중요한 역할을 담당한다. 이들 식물의 군집들은 조간대와 조하대에 침수 또는 노출되어 생육하면서 영양염과 중금속 순환에 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 식물체는 유기쇄설물을 먹이연쇄에 공급하는 기능을 하며, 중금속을 고등 영양단계로 수송하는 역할을 한다. (중략)

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2010

Because seagrass production significantly contributes to the biodiversity and production of coastal and estuarine ecosystems, accurate estimation of seagrass productivity is a critical step toward understanding the ecological roles of seagrass in these ecosystems. To develop an accurate and effective method of measuring seagrass productivity, we estimated leaf productivity of eelgrass (Zostera marina) on the southern coast of Korea using three methods, the conventional leaf marking method, the elongation-mass method (Short '87 method), and the plastochrone method. In each season, shoots were pierced through the bundle sheath using a hypodermic needle and were collected after 2-4 weeks had elapsed to estimate their productivity. The leaf elongation and the leaf plastochrone intervals varied significantly among seasons. On an annual basis, the conventional leaf marking method showed the lowest leaf productivity estimates compared to the elongation-mass method and the plastochrone method, suggesting that the conventional leaf marking method underestimated leaf productivity as it ignored leaf maturation processes and new leaf growth within the sheath. Since the elongation-mass method considered leaf maturation processes, this method produced higher leaf productivity estimates than the conventional leaf marking method. On an annual basis, the plastochrone method produced the highest leaf productivity estimates. Below-ground productivity, which can be easily estimated using the plastochrone method, ranged between 3.29 and 5.73 (mg dry weight $shoot^{-1}\;day^{-1}$) and accounted for about 17.8% to 30.3% of total productivity. Because of the high contributions of below-ground productivity to total seagrass production, we suggest that the plastochrone method is an effective and simple technique for assessing both above- and below-ground productivities.