• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.185-196
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• 1996

이 연구의 목적은 원자력발전소 페라이트 배관에 존재하는 원주방향 표면균열을 평가하는데 사용되는 ASME Code Z-Factor를 수정하는데 있다. ASME Code Z-Factor는 소성하중을 탄소성하중으로 보정하는 하중 보정 계수로서, 현재 사용되는 ASME Code Z-Factor는 최대하중을 과소평가하는 문제점이 있다. 이 연구에서는 먼저 기존의 SC. TNP방법이 수정되었으며, 그 이유는 기존의 SC. TNP 방법으로 예측된 최대허용하중이 실험에서 측정된 방법보다 약간 큰 결과를 주는 문제가 있기 때문이다. 이 수정된 SC. TNP 방법을 사용하여 페라이트 배관에 대한 새로운 Z-Factor를 개발하였다. 수정된 SC. TNP 방법의 타당성 과 새로 개발된 Z-Factor의 타당성을 원주방향 표면균열을 갖는 배관에 대한 실험 결과를 통해 조사하였다. 평 가결과는 수정된 SC. TNP 방법은 페라이트 및 오스테나이트 배관의 원주 방향 표면균열의 거동을 잘 예측할 수 있음을 보여 주며, 또한 수정된 SC. TNP 방법으로 구한 새로운 Z-Factor는 페라이트 배관에 존재하는 원주방향 표면균열의 거동을 잘 예측할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1798-1809
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper is to develop new Z-Factors to evaluate the behavior of circumferential surface crack in ferritic steel piping including base metal and Submerged Arc Weld(SAW) metal in nuclear power plant. The Z-factor is a load multiplier to convert plastic load to elasto-plastic load. However the current Z-Factor is a load multiplier to convert plastic load to elasto-plastic load. However the current Z-Factor gives too conservative results. In this study, a J-estimation method, SC.TNP method, which is based on GE/EPRI expression, is used to develop new Z-Factors. The desirabilities of both the SC.TNP mehtod and the new Z-Factors are examined using the previous experimental results for the circumferential surface crack in ferritic steel pippings. The results are as follows ; (1) The SC.TNP mehtod is good for describing the circumferential surface crack behavior in farritic steel pipings, while the well-known R6 mehtod and DPFAD method give too conservative results. (2) The ASME-Z-Factor method using nwe Z-Factors well predicts the behavior of circumferential surface crack in ferritic steel pipings including base emtal and SAW metal.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.293-301
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to introduce the limit of previously used six sigma quality process evaluation metrics, $Z_{st}$ and $P_{pk}$, and a solution to overcome this drawback by using a metric based on performance evaluation of Z-factor quality innovation. Case analysis on projects from national six sigma contest from 2011 to 2012 is performed and literature review on new drug development HTS (High Throughput Screening) is used to propose innovative performance evaluation metrics. This research shows that experimental study on six sigma evaluation metric, $Z_{st}$ and $P_{pk}$, have no significance difference between industrial type (Manufacturing, Semi-Public Institute, Public Institute) and CTQ type (Product Technology Type CTQ, Process Technology Type CTQ). Following discovery characterize this quality improvement as fixed target type project. As newly developed moving target type of quality innovation performance metric Z-Factor is used for evaluating experimental study, hypothetical analysis suggests that $Z_{st}$ and $P_{pk}$ share different relationship or even show reciprocal relationship. Constraints of the study are relatively small sample size of only 37 projects from past 2 years and conflict on having interview and communication with six sigma quality practitioner for qualitative experimental study. Both moving target type six sigma innovation project and fixed target type improvement project or quality circle enables efficient ways for a better understanding and quality practitioner use by applying quality innovation performance metric. Downside of fixed target type quality performance evaluation metric, $Z_{st}$ and $P_{pk}$, is presented through experimental study. In contrast, advantage of this study is that high throughput requiring product technology, process technology and quantum leap typed innovation effect is evaluated based on precision and accuracy and Z-Factor that enables relative comparison between enterprises is proposed and implemented.

• 한국인공지능학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2024

This study aims to explore driving factors of Artificial Intelligence application for city marketing strategy with perspectives of millennials and generation Z. This study proposed the following research questions: i) how perceived place branding factor, public service factor, affective factor, immersive experience factor, cognitive factor, cost benefit factor, social networking factor, and promotional value factor affect attitude toward AI application for city marketing; and ii) how attitude affect satisfaction and prospect toward AI application for city marketing? This study conducted an online survey with the assistance of a well-known research agency and applied factor and regression analysis to test hypotheses. The results found that effects of place branding, cognitive, social networking, and promotional value affect attitude significantly in the case of millennials, while effects of public service, affective, cost benefit, social networking, and promotional value affect attitude significantly in the case of generation Z. The results found that effects of attitude on satisfaction and prospect of AI showed significance. The results provide implications and different aspects for AI application of city marketing strategy with perspectives by generations, while millennials and generation Z perceived effects of promotional value as the most significant factor for AI application of city marketing strategy.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.357-358
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• 2009

• 대한수학회보
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2017

The Lie algebra analogue of Schur's result which is proved by Moneyhun in 1994, states that if L is a Lie algebra such that dimL/Z(L) = n, then $dimL_{(2)}={\frac{1}{2}}n(n-1)-s$ for some non-negative integer s. In the present paper, we determine the structure of central factor (for s = 0) and the factor Lie algebra $L/Z_2(L)$ (for all $s{\geq}0$) of a finite dimensional nilpotent Lie algebra L, with n-dimensional central factor. Furthermore, by using the concept of n-isoclinism, we discuss an upper bound for the dimension of $L/Z_n(L)$ in terms of $dimL_{(n+1)}$, when the factor Lie algebra $L/Z_n(L)$ is finitely generated and $n{\geq}1$.

• 융합경영연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the perceptions of millennials and Generation Z regarding AI applications in marketing, an area that has been rarely explored in previous researches. This study formulated research questions how millennials and Generation Z perceive the impact of brand image, AI-assistant customer service, affective factor, immersive experience, cognitive factor social factor and competitiveness of products and brands on overall attitude through the lens of AI applications in marketing. Additionally, this study also explored the influence of overall attitudes on satisfaction, intention to use, and loyalty towards AI applications. Research design, data and methodology: To gather data, this study employed an online survey conducted in collaboration with a reputable research organization. This study utilized factor analysis, ANOVA, and regression analysis for data analysis. Results: The findings revealed that the impact of brand image, AI-assistant customer service, and competitiveness on attitude demonstrated significance in both millennials and generation Z cohorts. The study identified that cognitive and social factors significantly influenced attitudes among millennials, whereas affective and immersive experiences showed significance in influencing attitudes among Generation Z. Conclusions: The findings offer valuable managerial implications, shedding light on the application of AI in marketing with distinct perspectives between millennials and Generation Z.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 1995

다행관측행렬을 복원하는 기존의 알고리즘은 단일행의 복원방법인 Cholesky Factor Downdating(CFD) 을 이용하여 행렬 $Z^{T}$ 의 각 행을 순차적으로 복원하는 방법으로 필요한 실수연산의 횟수는 2/5 p $n^{2}$이다. 이에 비하여 본 논문에서 제안한 HCFD(Hybrid Cholesky Factor Downdating)기법은 p$\geq$n 인 크기의 다행관측행 렬 $Z^{T}$를 복원하는데 필요한 실수연산의 횟수가 p $n^{2}$＋6/5 $n^{3}$이다. HCFD 기법은 $Z^{T}$ 로부터 $Z^{T}$ = $Q_{z}$ RT/Z을 구하고, RT/Z에 대해 CFD 알고리즘을 적용함으로 필요한 시간복잡도를 크게 줄일 수 있다. 또한, HCFD 기법 과 기존의 CFD 기법을 Sun SPARC/2와 국산주전산기I에서 실험한 결과, HCFD 기법이 CFD기법에 비하여 성능이 우수함을 보여 주었으며, 특히 복원하려는 행이 많을 경우 에 HCFD기법이 CFD 기법에 비하여 성능이 크게 항상됨을 알 수 있었다.었다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.551-556
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• 2013

전완부와 요추부의 골밀도 검사를 통해 얻은 골밀도 값, T-score 와 Z-score 수치간의 상관관계 및 보정함수를 구해 어느 한 부위의 결과로서 다른 부위의 결과를 유추하는데 목적이 있다. 환자 66명은 연령별로 11명씩 20대에서 70대까지 환자들로 구성하였고 측정된 전완부와 요추부의 골밀도와 T-score와 Z-score를 조사하여 세가지 사항들에 대해 각각 상관관계가 있는지 평가하고 그 상관관계를 구하여 보정계수를 찾는다. 골밀도의 상관계수는 R=0.769 이고 보정계수 식은 Y=1.541X + 0.133 이다. T-score의 상관계수는 R=0.768 이고 보정계수식은 Y=0.715X - 0.4 이다. Z-score의 상관계수는 R=0.635 보정계수식은 Y=0.751X - 0.162 이다. 상관관계와 보정계수식를 통해 어느 한 부위의 결과로서 다른 부위의 결과를 유추할 수 있는 임상적 유용성이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1563-1572
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• 2014

The autecology of the Zostera marina and Z. japonica was studied in populations growing in the same locality (Sagumi Bay, southwestern coast of Korea). Environmental factors and plant characteristics were examined monthly from August 2008 to September 2011. Along intertidal zone, Z. japonica (0.1-0.5 m above mean lower low water, MLLW) occurred above Z. marina (0.5-2.5 m MLLW). Tidal exposure at low tide during day was the highest in the spring and the lowest in the summer. Underwater Irradiance showed seasonal fluctuation that was the highest in spring and summer caused by tidal pattern. Strong seasonal patterns in water temperature appeared to control the seasonal variations in morphology, biomass and leaf growth. The seasonal pattern of Z. japonica resembled that of the Z. marina in morphological characteristics, above-and below-ground biomass, whereas it differed in shoot density and leaf elongation. Despite some similarities in seasonal growth patterns, the patterns of Z. japonica were lagged by 2 month of Z. marina. Seasonal variation in the above biomass of Z. marina was caused by changes in density and plant size, whereas that of Z. japonica was mainly caused by changes in shoot density. Zostera marina was more sensitive to high temperatures than Z. japonica, and the increasing water temperature during the summer became the factor that inhibits the growth of the Z. marina. Zostera Japonica, there is no clear change according to the amount of the light. It is because its habitat locates above that of Zostera marina so that the amount of the light that is necessary to growth is enough and in this condition, any preventing factor does not seem to work at all. Although underwater light getting into Zostera marina's habitat is very low level and there is no any hindrance to the survival of them, it prevents them from their productivity a bit.