• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.20-31
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• 2008

A respirator is useful to protect a worker from the harmful gases and vapors in the workplace, and the evaluation of respirator cartridge service life is important for the worker's health and safety. The performance of cartridge is effected by several factors such as concentration of gas and vapor, humidity, temperature, adsorbents and cartridge packing density. Adsorption model was applied to both sampling tube and respirator cartridge to predict the service life for organic vapors. The variables of the adsorption model were measured from the experiment with the sampling tube, and it was used to predict the service life of respirator cartridge. In the experiment, we used carbon tetrachloride as a organic vapor and activated carbon take out respirator cartridge as activated carbon. As a result, it was possible to predict the service life of respirator cartridge and predicted service life was quite correct. Breakthrough time decreased with increase of CCl4 concentration. In case of sampling tube, adsorbed amount of CCl4 was larger than respirator cartridge due to linear velocity. Also, rate constant of sampling tube was larger than respirator cartridge, because of, effect of flow rate, packing density. In the prediction of service life of respirator cartridge by using sampling tube, the time required for 50% contaminant breakthrough(${\tau}$) is more effective than the rate constant(k').

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.231-251
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• 2014

The present study examines the phosphate adsorption potential and behavior of mixture of Ground Burnt Patties (GBP), a solid waste generated from cooking fuel used in earthen stoves and Red Soil (RS), a natural substance in fixed bed column mode operation. The characterization of adsorbent was done by Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE), and Proton Induced ${\gamma}$-ray Emission (PIGE) methods. The FTIR spectroscopy of spent adsorbent reveals the presence of absorbance peak at $1127cm^{-1}$ which appears due to P = O stretching, thus confirming phosphate adsorption. The effects of bed height (10, 15 and 20 cm), flow rate (2.5, 5 and 7.5 mL/min) and initial phosphate concentration (5 and 15 mg/L) on breakthrough curves were explored. Both the breakthrough and exhaustion time increased with increase in bed depth, decrease in flow rate and influent concentration. Thomas model, Yoon-Nelson model and Modified Dose Response model were used to fit the column adsorption data using nonlinear regression analysis while Bed Depth Service Time model followed linear regression analysis under different experimental condition to evaluate model parameters that are useful in scale up of the process. The values of correlation coefficient ($R^2$) and the Sum of Square Error (SSE) revealed the Modified Dose Response model as the best fitted model to the experimental data. The adsorbent mixture responded effectively to the desorption and reusability experiment. The results of this finding advocated that mixture of GBP and RS can be used as a low cost, highly efficient adsorbent for phosphate removal from aqueous solution.

• 청정기술
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.166-170
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• 2014

강산성 양이온 교환수지를 충전한 고정층 컬럼을 사용하여 수중의 리튬이온을 제거하는 연속식 실험을 수행하였다. 층 높이, 유입 유량 및 유입 농도와 같은 파라미터들을 살펴보았으며, 파과곡선으로부터 파과시간($t_{0.05}$), 포화시간($t_{0.95}$) 및 제거된 리튬이온의 총량(mtotal)을 구하였다. 실험 결과 $t_{0.05}$와 $t_{0.95}$는 층 높이가 감소함에 따라 감소하였고, 유입 농도와 유입 유량이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. mtotal은 유입 유량과 층 높이가 증가함에 따라 증가하였지만, 유입 유량이 증가함에 따라서는 감소하였다. 실험자료를 토마스 모델식과 윤-넬슨 모델식을 적용한 결과, 토마스 모델식이 파과 데이터에 잘 부합하였다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2019

In this paper the results of the biosorption of lead(II) and cadmium(II) with sugarcane bagasse in fixed bed columns are presented. Experimental data were fitted to several models describing the rupture curve for single-component and two-component systems. The percentages of removal of lead and cadmium in single-component systems are 91% and 90%, respectively. In lead-cadmium bicomponent systems the percentage of elimination of lead was 90% and cadmium 92%. In single-component systems, Yoon-Nelson and Thomas models successfully reproduce the rupture curves. In two-component system, the Dose-Response model was the best one reproducing the experimental rupture curves in the entire measured range.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.220-228
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• 2008

Toluene adsorption characteristics in the adsorption bed packed with activated carbon fiber (ACF) were studied. Experimental apparatus is composed of VOC generation equipment, adsorption bed, and analytical instrument. Breakthrough characteristics were investigated with length of the adsorption bed which consisted of 3 or 5 sheets of the ACF and flow rate when toluene concentration are 400 ppm and 800 ppm respectively. When mass transfer zone (MTZ) comes out of the adsorption bed, toluene concentration is increased sharply and reached plateau region by saturation. Experimental results are compared with semi-empirical gas adsorption model proposed by Yoon and Nelson. In order to investigate the movement of the MTZ with adsorption time in the adsorption bed packed with ACFs, weight increment of each ACF was measured with the location of ACF at each run. When the weight increment of ACF by toluene adsorption which located at the exit of the bed reaches about 20%, toluene started to be detected.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.3017-3026
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• 2022

The ¹³¹Cs radioisotope with a short half-life time and high average radiation energy can treat the cancer effectively in prostate brachytherapy. The typical ¹³¹Cs production processes have a separation step of the cesium from ¹³¹Ba to obtain a high specific radioactivity. Herein, we suggested a novel ¹³¹Cs separation method based on the Ba²⁺ adsorption of alginate beads. It is necessary to reduce the affinity of alginate beads to cesium ions for a high production yield. The carboxyl group of the alginate beads was replaced by a sulfonate group to reduce the cesium affinity while reinforcing their affinity to barium ions. The modified beads exhibited superior Ba²⁺ adsorption performances to native beads. In the fixed-bed column tests, the saturation time and adsorption capacity could be estimated with the Yoon-Nelson model in various injection flow rates and initial concentrations. In terms of the Cs elution, the modified alginate showed better performance (i.e., an elution over 88%) than the native alginate (i.e., an elution below 10%), indicating that the functional group modification was effective in reducing the affinity to cesium ions. Therefore, the separation of cesium from the barium using the modified alginate is expected to be an additional option to produce ¹³¹Cs.