• 동양고전연구
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• 제54호
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• pp.155-182
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• 2014

이 논문은 "중용"의 "천명지위성(天命之謂性)"과 "시중(時中)", 그리고 "천지위만물육(天地位萬物育)"의 이슈가 진화생물학의 유전자, 자연선택, 종 다양성 문제와 대화 가능한지 그 가능성을 검토하고 있다. 이를 위해 먼저 성리학과 진화생물학의 유사점과 차이점을 살펴보고, "중용"과 진화생물학의 접점이 무엇인지 모색하고 있다. 이 논문은 세 가지 점에서 "중용"과 진화생물학 사이의 대화 가능성을 검토한다. 첫번째는 인간 본성에 대해 천명지위성과 유전자의 관점에서 대화 가능한지 살펴본다. 두 번째는 존재 이유의 타당성을 시중과 자연선택의 관점에서 살펴본다. 세 번째는 생물간 상호 유연 관계를 천지위만물육과 종 다양성이라는 관점에서 살펴본다. 첫 번째 모색의 소주제들은 <리와 기 vs 유전자와 운반체>의 구조적 연관성, <성선 vs 이기적 유전자의 이타성>의 판단기준, <인 의 예 지 vs 후성규칙>에서 '후천적 선험' 도출 가능성이다. 두 번째 모색의 소주제들은 <천리의 뒤집힘[번(?)] vs 돌연변이>, <변/화 vs 진화>의 시간관, <시중 vs 자연선택/적응>의 메타meta적 접근이다. 세 번째 모색의 소주제들은 <리일분수理一分殊 vs 부분과 전체>의 프랙탈 구조, < 일기一氣 vs 생물간 상호 유연>의 상동관계, <천지위 만물육 vs 생태계>와 치중화致中和의 과제이다. 이러한 모색과 제안들에 대한 후속연구는 "중용"을 둘러싼 성리학 연구의 지평 확대를 가져 올 수 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2485-2489
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• 2012

Purpose: Notch is an important signaling pathway that regulates cell fate, stem cell maintenance and the initiation of differentiation in many tissues. It has been reported that activation of Notch-1 contributes to tumorigenesis. However, whether Notch signaling might have a role in chemoresistance of prostate cancer is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Notch-1 silencing on the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to docetaxel treatment. Methods: siRNA against Notch-1 was transfected into PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were examined in the presence or absence of docetaxel by MTT and flow cytometry. Expression of $p21^{waf1/cip1}$ and Akt as well as activation of Akt in PC-3 cells were detected by Western blot and Real-time PCR. Results: Silencing of Notch-1 promoted docetaxel induced cell growth inhibition, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in PC-3 cells. In addition, these effects were associated with increased $p21^{waf1/cip1}$ expression and decreased Akt expression and activation in PC-3 cells. Conclusion: Notch-1 promotes chemoresistance of prostate cancer and could be a potential therapeutic target.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.886-892
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• 2013

본 연구에서 glycerol에서 ethanol을 생산할 수 있는 P. tannophilus ATCC 32691를 선별하여, ethanol 생산조건에 대하여 조사하였다. Ethanol 생산 시, 미량의 공기 공급이 매우 중요함을 확인하였고, 이를 위하여 발효조에서 surface aeration 방법을 통하여 ethanol 생산을 시도하였다. Glycerol이 포함된 YPG 배지(1% yeast extract, 2% peptone, 2% glycerol)에서 ethanol을 생산하는 최적 조건은 880 ml의 배양액에 500 ml/min의 공기를 surface aeration 방법으로 공급하면서, 300 rpm의 agitation speed로 운전할 경우였다. 이 조건을 이용하여 fed-batch 배양을 실시한 결과 배양시작 후, 90시간에 이르러 ethanol이 최고 5.74 g/l 생산되었고, glycerol에 대한 ethanol 수율(Ye/g)은 0.166 이었다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.529-536
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• 2005

Viral infection causes stress to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), is designed to eliminate misfolded proteins and allow the cell to recover. The role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) non-structural protein NS4B, a component of the HCV replicons that induce UPR, is incompletely understood. We demonstrate that HCV NS4B could induce activating transcription factor (ATF6) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), to favor the HCV subreplicon and HCV viral replication. HCV NS4B activated the IRE1 pathway, as indicated by splicing of X box-binding protein (Xbp-1) mRNA. However, transcriptional activation of the XBP-1 target gene, EDEM (ER degradation-enhancing $\alpha-mannosidase-like$ protein, a protein degradation factor), was inhibited. These results imply that NS4B might induce UPR through ATF6 and IRE1-XBP1 pathways, but might also modify the outcome to benefit HCV or HCV subreplicon replication.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2022

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the pro-con of re-implementation by administrative areas and the difference in perception of community water fluoridation in implemented and non-implemented areas after the community water fluoridation in Korea was suspended. Through this, we intend to provide basic data that can help find ways to increase the support and interest of local residents. Methods: The 601 questionnaires collected through the survey and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Statistics 28.0. Results: As a result of analyzing the perception of the community water fluoridation according to the understanding of fluorine, the proportion of people who were not recognized by both fluorine and community water fluoridation was the highest (p<0.05). As a result of the analysis of the pro-con of re-implementation of community water fluoridation, the approval was high. Among those who responded in favor, the place of re-implementation showed that 'implementation nationwide' was high. As for the reason for favor, it was found that it was possible to prevent dental caries disease. The reason for the objection was the lack of knowledge about fluoride. Conclusion: The results of the survey for the pro-con of the re-implementation of community water fluoridation showed a higher degree of 'agree' and showed that people in the area where community water fluoridation was not implemented showed higher interest in oral health prevention and management. Through this, not only oral education, but also correct information on the implementation method of community water fluoridation, the benefits of community water fluoridation, and the facts that were misunderstood in the past, as well as oral education, can be provided to raise interest in community water fluoridation. It is thought that the expected effect of the re-implementation of community water fluoridation can be obtained if such activities are carried out.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2023

본 연구는 잘못된 자세 습관으로 인해 발생하는 근골격계 질환의 통증을 관리하기 위해 스스로 일상에서 바른 자세를 유지할 수 있도록 돕는 서비스 디자인 콘텐츠를 제안하고 있다. 현대인의 대표적 질환인 근골격계 질환과 바른 자세 실천에 대한 현황을 분석하기 위해 143명에 대한 설문 및 1차-2차 고정카메라 기법을 활용하였다. 연구결과 바른 자세 실천을 저해하는 저항 요인과 바른 자세 실천을 강화하는 유도 요인을 도출하였으며 저항 요인을 감소시키고 유도 요인을 증가시키는 것이 바른 자세 실천에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것을 검증하였다. 이를 바탕으로 근전도 센서와 웨어러블 기기를 활용하여 현대인들이 바른 자세를 실천 및 관리하는 데 유의미한 앱 서비스를 제안하였다. 본 연구는 사용자의 자세 습관 분석을 통한 자기 객관화 바탕으로 서비스 콘텐츠 제안을 통해 일상에서 스스로 바른 자세를 실천 및 유지할 수 있도록 도와줌으로써 근골격계 통증을 완화시키고 나아가 삶의 질을 개선시키는데 그 의의가 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.393-398
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• 2013

Background: Many studies have investigated associations between the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) null polymorphism and risk of prostate cancer, but the impact of GSTM1 in people who live in Asian countries is still unclear owing to inconsistencies across results. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid and CNKI databases for studies of associations between the GSTM1 null genotype and risk of prostate cancer in people who live in Asian countries, and estimated summary odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: A total of 18 case-control studies with 2,172 cases and 3,258 controls were included in this meta-analysis, which showed the GSTM1 null genotype to be significantly associated with increased risk of prostate cancer in people who live in Asian countries (random-effects OR=1.74, 95% CI1.44-2.09, P<0.001). Similar results were found in East Asians (OR=1.41; 95% CI: 1.12-1.78; P=0.004) and Caucasians in Asia (OR=2.19; 95% CI: 1.85-2.60; P<0.001). No evidence of publication bias was observed. Conclusions: This meta-analysis of available data suggested that the GSTM1 null genotype does contribute to increased risk of prostate cancer in people who live in Asian countries.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.3247-3252
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• 2014

Background: Genetic factors have been shown to play an important role in the development of cancers. However, individual studies may fail to completely demonstrate complicated genetic relationships because of small sample size. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of E-selectin Ser128Arg (S128R) with cancer risk. Materials and Methods: A literature search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, SpringerLink, EBSCO, Wanfang, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was carried out to identify studies of the association between E-selectin S128R polymorphism and cancer risk. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were used to assess the strength of association. Results: A total of eight studies involving 1,675 cancer cases and 2,285 controls were included in the meta-analysis. In overall populations, S128R polymorphism seemed to be associated with cancer risk (Arg allele vs Ser allele: OR=1.65, 95%CI =1.33-2.04, p<0.01; Arg/Arg+Arg/Ser vs Ser/Ser: OR=1.87, 95%CI =1.48-2.36, p<0.01; Arg/Ser vs Ser/Ser: OR=1.80, 95%CI =1.51-2.14, p<0.01). Similarly, subgroup analysis by ethnicity and source of control also revealed that this polymorphism was related to cancer risk. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis revealed that there was association between the E-selectin S128R polymorphism and the risk of cancer. Further large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm this association.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.195-213
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• 2014

Recently, the horizontal axis rotor performance optimizer (HARP_Opt) tool was developed in the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA. This innovative tool is becoming more popular in the wind turbine industry and in the field of academic research. HARP_Optwas developed on the basis of two fundamental modules, namely, WT_Perf, a performance evaluator computer code using the blade element momentum theory; and a genetic algorithm module, which is used as an optimizer. A pattern search algorithm was more recently incorporated to enhance the optimization capability, especially the calculation time and consistency of the solutions. The blade optimization is an aspect that is highly dependent on experience and requires significant consideration on rotor control strategies, wind data, and generator type. In this study, the effects of rotor control strategies including fixed speed and fixed pitch, variable speed and fixed pitch, fixed speed and variable pitch, and variable speed and variable pitch algorithms on optimal blade shapes and rotor performance are investigated using optimized blade designs. The effects of environmental wind data and the objective functions used for optimization are also quantitatively evaluated using the HARP_Opt tool. Performance indices such as annual energy production, thrust, torque, and roof-flap moment forces are compared.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.284-290
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• 2010

Replication of positive-strand RNA virus is mediated by a virus-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). To study the replication of Ectropis obliqua virus (EoV), a newly identified insect virus belonging to the family Iflaviradae, we expressed the RNA polymerase domain in Escherichia coli and purified it on a Ni-chelating HisTrap affinity column. It is demonstrated that EoV RdRp initiated RNA synthesis in a primer and poly (A)-dependent manner in vitro. Furthermore, the effect of primer concentration, temperature, metal ions ($Mg^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$, and $K^+$) on enzymatic activity were determined. Our study represented a first step towards understanding the mechanism of EoV replication.