• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.796-801
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• 2001

최근에 음용이 증가하고 있는 강원도지역 먹는 샘물로부터 Yersinia spp.의 부포현황을 조사하기 위하여 1999년과 2000년에 강원지역 18개 시군 전역에 산재한 공동샘터수 277건을 수거한 후 미국 FDA방법과 Bergey’s manual을 참조하여 형태학적, 배양학적, 생화학적방법으로 균을 분리동정하였으며 분리균의 생물형, 혈청형, 항균제 감수성조사 및 효율적인 균리방법에 대한 조사를 실시하였다. 샘터수 277건 중에 40건(14.4%)에서 Yersinia spp.가 분리되었으며, 균종별 분리빈도는 40건중에서 Y. enterocolitica 33주(82.5%)로 가장 많이 분리되었으며, Y. frederiksenii 4주(10%), Y. in-termedia 2주(5%), Y.sakazaki 1주(2.5%)순으로 분리되었다. 지역별로 Y. enterocolitica 분리실태를 보면 철원군(5주), 인제군(5주) 등 11개 군지역에서 평균 2.6주가 분리되었고, 태백시(2주), 춘천시(1주) 등 3개 시지역에서 평균 1.3주가 분리되어 군소재 먹는 샘물이 도시지역 먹는 샘물에 비해 2배 정도 높은 균검출율을 나타내었다. 배양방법에 따른 Y. enterocolitica 분리율을 비교하면 시료를 KOH처리하여 직접 CIN 배지에 분리한 직접배양법에서는 분리율이 6.1%이었고, 시료를 PSBB배지에 1$0^{\circ}C$, 10일간 저온배양 후 KOH로 처리하여 CIN배지에 분리한 저온증균배양법에서 18.5%의 분리율을 나타내어 저온증균법이 직접법에 비해 3배 높은 균검출 효과를 나타내었다. 한편, Y. enterocolitica 33주에 대한 아형(subtype) 조사 결과 생물형 분포는 1A형이 22주(71.0%)로 가장 많았고 3A형 4주(12.9%), 3B형 3주(9.7%), 1B형과 5형이 각각 1주(3.2%)씩이었으며, 혈철형 분포는 O : 5형이 4주(12.9%)로서 가장 많았으며 O : 3형 3주(9.7%), O : 8형 2주(6.5%) 및 O : 9형 1주(3.2%)이었고 나머지 21주(67.7%)는 혈청형을 확인할 수 없었다. 또한, 분리된 Y. enterocolitica의 12종 항생제에 대한 감수성 시험결과는 ampicillin, cephalothin, carbenicillin에 각각 70%, 70%, 52%의 저항성을 보였고 나머지 nalidixic acid, streptomycin, tetracycline, tobramycin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin gentamycin, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin에 대하여는 대부분 감수성을 나타내었으며, ampicillin, cephalothin, carbenicillin 등 3종 항생제에 다제내성을 보인 경우는 39%이었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.69-73
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• 1989

Nine strains of Yersinia species isolated from pigs and dogs in Korea, comprising 5 strains of Yersinia enterocolitica, 2 strains of Y kristensenii and each strain of Y pseudotuberculosis and Y intermedia, were examined for the presence of virulence-associated plasmids, calcium dependency and provocation of guinea pig conjuntivitis($Ser{\acute{e}}ny$ test). Three strains of Y enterocolitica isolated from pigs were positive in calcium dependency and harbored one plasmid of about 45 megadalton, but negative in $Ser{\acute{e}}ny$ test.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.219-227
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• 1997

On the purpose pf epidemiological study related to yersiniosis, a total of 720 aprings water collected from 60 points in the Pusan area were examined for the presence of Y. enterocolitica and also the isolation rates, biotype, serotype, biochemical properties and antibiotic susceptibility. Fifty-eight(8.0%) strains of Yersinia species were isolated from 720springs water. Isolation rate for each species was 49 (6.8%)strains of Y. enterocolitica, 3 (0.4%) strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis and 6 (0.8%) strains of y. frederiksenii. Seasonal distribution of isolated Yersinia sp. were shown considerably from November to April, and Y. enterocolitica was especoally isolated in order of January (20.4%), December (16.3%), March(14.3%) and April(8.2%). Isolated T. enterocolitica was divided into 4 kinds of biotype such as 1, 2, 3, and 3B. Distribution of each biotype was shown in order of biotype 1 (51.0%), biotype 2 (30.6%), biotype 3B (16.3%) and biotype 3 (2.1%). The serotypes pf 49 Y. enterocoliticawere typed 7 kinds of werotypes (0 ; 3, 0 : 5, 0 : 9, 0 : 13, 0 : 18 and 0 : 21), and serotype 0 : 8(34.7%). 0 : 9(30.6%) and 0 : 3(10.2%) were encountered most frequently.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2001

서울시내 25개 자치구에 산재한 약수터에서 5주의 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis를 분리하여 생화학적 특성, 병원성의 유무 및 16S rDNA 분석을 실시하였다. 분리된 Y. pseudotuberculosis는 모두 병원성 유전자인 inv를 소유하고 있었으며, 16S rDNA를 증폭한 후 염기서열을 분석하여 NCBI Genbank에 등록된 다른 Yersinia 속 및 장내세균 등과 비교해 본 결과 Yersinia 속 등과는 97.5%에서 100%의 높은 상동성(Similarity)을 나타내었고, 다른 장내세균 등과는 93.0%에서 95.1%의 낮은 상동성을 나타내었다. 165 rDNA 염기서열을 기초로 계통수를 작성한 결과 크게 3개의 cluster를 형성하였는데 특히 Y.enterocolitica (Z49830)은 Y.pseudotuberculasis (Z21939)와의 상동성(97.7%)보다 Y.intermedia (X75279)와의 상동성(97.9%)이 더 높게 나타났으며, E. coli (Z83205)는 Proteus vulgaris (AJ233425) 와의 상동성(93.2%)보다 Salmonella enteritidis (U90318)와의 상동성(97.7%)이 더 밀접한 연관성을 나타내었다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.412-418
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• 1998

It was perfomed to investigate for Yersinia species from 2,841 spring waters in Seoul, from 1994 to 1998. Of them, Yersinia spp. were isolated 86 isolated (3.3%). Of 86, sixty two isolates(71.1%) were Yesinia enterocolitica, followed by Y. aldovae (11 strains), Y. pseudotuberculosis (5 strains), Y. frederiksenii (3 strains), unclassified Yersinia spp. (5 strains). Yersinia spp. were highest isolated from Nowon-Gu (22 samples asd Bukhan Mountain Park isolated(18 samples). We tested 1.186 samples for SPC and colifrom from 1996 to 1998. of these tests, the positive rate of coliform was 23.6%, SPC, 9.1%, and either coliform of SPC positive 27.1%. The positive rates of coliform and SPC were decreased 26.7%, 12.7% in 1996, 25.8%, 6.3% in 1997 and 18.1%, 7.6% in 1998 , rerspectively. Of Y. enterocolitica, 78% was resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin. In the case of Y. aldovae, only 3 of 11 isolated were resistant to carbenicillin. Y. pseudotuberculosis were resistant to colistin. Also Y. frederiksenii to carbenicillin. There were many spring waters of Y. enterocolitical isolated from Nowon-Gu and Buk-han Mountain Park. So, it needs to clean the environment of those regions.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.333-339
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• 2004

A multiplex PCR assay targeting the yst and 16S rRNA genes of Yersinia enterocolitica was developed to specifically identify pathogenic Y. enterocolitica from pure culture. Simultaneous amplification of 145 and 416 bp fragments of the yst and 16S rRNA genes of Y. enterocolitica was obtained using the primer pairs in a single reaction. Validation of the assay was performed with the reference Yersinia strains and other members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. The defined primer pairs amplified the targeted sequence from only pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains, whereas none of the other bacterial species yielded any amplified fragments. Within an assay time of 4 h, this assay offers a very specific, reliable, and inexpensive alternative to the conventional phenotypic assays used in clinical laboratories to identify pathogenic Y. enterocolitica.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.235-243
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• 1987

This paper deals with the distribution of Yersinia spp. isolated from the feces or the cecal contents of 1,755 pigs, 558 cows, 428 pigs slaughtered, 271 dogs slaughtered and 91 deer during the period of March 1985 to February 1986. Isolated Yersinia spp. were examined for serotype, biotype and antibiotic susceptibility of Y. enterocolitica. The results were as follows; One hundred and fourty-three stains of Yersinia spp. were isolated from 141(4.5%) out of 3,103 animals examined and their isolates were identified as Y. enterocolitica(138 strains), Y. kristensenii (3 strains), Y. intermedia(1 strain) and Y. pseudotuberculosis(1 strain). Yersinia spp. were isolated from 122(7.0%) of 1,755 pigs in piggeries, 15(3.5%) of 428 pigs slaughtered and 4(1.5%) of 271 dogs slaughtered, but no Yersinia spp. were isolated from cows and deer. The isolation rate of Yersinia spp. in pigs ranged from 5.9~8.0% in piggeries, it was higher in summer and autumn and highest in fattening pigs groups(10.4%), especially. One hundred and thirty-eight Y. enterocolitica isolates belonged to serotype 0 : 3(95 strains), 0 : 8(13 strains), 0 : 5(7 strains), 0 : 9(6 strains), 0 : 1, 2(1 strain) and untypable(16 strains), among them strains of serotype 0 : 3 biotype 3B(91 strains) were predominant. Antibiotic susceptibility test of 138 isolates of Yersinia spp. was performed by the agar dilution method, using 8 antibiotics as follows: ampicillin(Am), chloramphenicol, kanamycin, nalidixic acid(Na), rifampicin(Rf), streptomycin, sulfadimethoxine(Su) and tetracycline. All the strains tested were susceptible to Rf and Na, but resistant to Su, and 136 strains(98.6%) were also resistant to Am.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2010

The present study was set to develop comprehensive system for assessing the safety of drinking water using PCR-reverse blot hybridization assay (REBA). The REBA developed in this study can detect waterborne pathogens such as Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Citrobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Yersinia spp., Mycobacterium spp., Listeria spp. at the genus level, and Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia enterocolitica, Y. pseudotuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium complex, M. marinum, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus at the species level, and E. coli O157:H7 at the strain level.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.305-309
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• 2002

Raw soybean sprouts were tested for contamination with the following bacteria which have potential for pathogenesis or food spoilage : Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, Yersinia enterocolitica, Vibrio parahae-molyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Plesidomonas shigeloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Lis-teria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter jejuni, Erwinia spp., and Fusarium spp. Three of the above strains were isolated from the sprouts, and identified by morphological and biochemical methods including an API kit and ATB automated identification system. The isolate cultured in Cereus selective agar, a selective medium, was a Gram-positive, rod shaped, anaerobic spore former. The biochemical and culture tests revealed the following characteristics: catalase-positive, no growth on Simmon's citrate, NO₂ production and requirement of arginine for growth; the ATB automated identification system gave 99.8 % agreement for the identification of Bacillus cereus to the species level. The isolate cultured in Macconkey agar selective medium was Gram-negative, rod shaped and a gas former; the ATB-system gave 99.9% agreement for the identification of Aeromonas hydrophila to the species level. The isolate found in Pseudomonas isolation agar was Gram-negative, rod shaped, cytochrome oxidase-positive, a reducer of nitrates to nitrogen, and pyocyanin producer; the ATB-system gave 99.9 % agreement for the identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the species level. These results indicate that the three bacteria species present in the soybean sprouts were Bacillus cereus, Aero-monas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Yersinia enter-ocolitica, which are associated with serious disease in humans, were not isolated from soybean sprouts examined in this study.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.141-150
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• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the distribution of Yersiniae and correlation between Yersiniae and indicator organism by time and area in spring water located in northern part of Seoul. Samples collected from 46 spring waters located in four mountains(Dobong, Bukhan, Surak, Bulam) were inspected to detect Yersiniae and indicator organisms. And also there were examined bioserological characteristics and resistance of ahtibiotics of the isolated Yersiniae.The result were as follows. 1. The isolation rate of Yersiniae was 22% in February and 20% in April. The isolated species were 6 strains of Y. enterocolitica, 6 strains of Y. aldova, 4 strains of Y. intermedia and 43 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis. The serotype of Y. pseudotuberculosis isolated from was all O:5 and biotype of Y. enterocolitica isolated from was all O:3. 2. The Geometric mean of standard plate count, coliform, and psychrotrophilic bacteria were 3.4 CFU/ml, 1.2 MPN/100 ml and 33.0 CFU/ml in February and 3.1 CFU/ml, 1.5 MPN/100 ml and 20.5 CFU/ml in April respectively. There was no significant difference by time and area but the indicator organisms were correlated significantly with each other (p<0.05). 3. Because detection of Yersiniae was not statistically associated with indicator organism, Yersiniae can be detected in the spring water approved microbiologically (p<0.05). 4. The Yersiniae isolated were resistant to Ampicillin, Colistin, Carbenicillin and Coilstin. All isolaed Y. enterocolitica were resistant to Ampicillin (100%). In the case of Y. pseudotuberculosis, only 1 of 3 isolated was resistant to Colistin but susceptible to other antibiotics.