• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2022

YouTube realistically shows fake news and biased content based on facts that have not been verified due to low entry barriers and ambiguity in video regulation standards. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of the media and YouTube on individual behavior and their relationship. Data from YouTube and Twitter are randomly imported with selenium, beautiful soup, and Twitter APIs to classify the 31 most frequently mentioned keywords. Based on 31 keywords classified, data were collected from YouTube, Twitter, and Naver News, and positive, negative, and neutral emotions were classified and quantified with NLTK's Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) Vader model and used as analysis data. As a result of analyzing the correlation of data, it was confirmed that the higher the negative value of news, the more positive content on YouTube, and the positive index of YouTube content is proportional to the positive and negative values on Twitter. As a result of this study, YouTube is not consistent with the emotion index shown in the news due to its secondary processing and affected characteristics. In other words, processed YouTube content intuitively affects Twitter's positive and negative figures, which are channels of communication. The results of this study analyzed that YouTube plays a role in assisting individual discrimination in the current situation where accurate judgment of information has become difficult due to the emergence of yellow media that stimulates people's interests and instincts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.367-373
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• 2011

We investigated the biological characteristics of the squid, Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup through the samples caught monthly in the Yellow Sea($32^{\circ}$ 30'N, $122^{\circ}E-37^{\circ}$ 30'N, $127^{\circ}E$) from 1985 to 1987. Monthly mantle length frequency were separated into Autumn spawning group and winter spawning group with Tanaka's method(1956) to determine the main group of the squids caught in the Yellow Sea. The ratio of winter spawning group was higher than that of autumn spawning group. Monthly gonadosomatic index of females increased on July in 1985, on October in 1986, and October in 1987 and decreased later in each year. That of males increased on June in 1985, on July in 1986, and June in 1987. The length of 50% group maturity of female was 20.7 cm mantle length(ML) in 1985, 17.9 cm ML in 1986, and 17.2 cm ML in 1987. The ratio of female was higher than that of male in the group over 24 cm ML, and the ratio of male was higher than that of female in the group under 24 cm ML. We concluded that the length of 50% group maturity of squids was affected by the density of the population status.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.536-541
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• 2008

In order to determine the effects of strawberry powder on the baking quality of cakes, yellow layer cakes were prepared with four freeze-dried strawberry powders substitutes, at levels of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%. Then, the physical properties, baking properties and sensory characteristics of the finished cakes were assessed. The cakes were stored for 6 days at $22^{\circ}C$ and the change in hardness during storage was evaluated. The Viscosity of the doughs, as well as the specific gravity, increased as the amount of strawberry powder in the flour increased. The volume indices of the strawberry powder cakes were less than that of control, but the other indices did not differ from those of the controls. The crust color of the strawberry cakes evidenced a reduction in L. a and b values. The crumb color also evidenced a reduction in the L and b values, but the a values increased. Sensory characteristics were evaluated by 60 students from the Dept. of Food and Biotechnology. Crust color, crumb color, moistness, softness, taste and overall acceptance were measured via a 5-scale acceptance test. The crust color of cakes containing more than 3% strawberry powders and the crumb color of all strawberry cakes evidenced lower scores than the controls. Cakes containing 5% strawberry powders were least acceptable in terms of overall characteristics. Although cakes prepared with flour containing up to 4% strawberry powder were less acceptable than the controls, general sensory scores ranged in an average${\sim}$like range. The incorporation of strawberry power into cakes was shown to increase the overall hardness.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.197-203
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• 1992

During the study of the distribution of cellular slime molds in Halla mountain of Korea, a new yellow-pigmented Dictyostelium was isloated. This exibited several distinctive features which differed from the published species, and was designated as a new species, Dictyostelium jlavidum sp. n. Hong et Chang (Type strain HL-1). It was cultivated at $20-22^{\circ}C$ on weak nutrient agar media, 0.1 L-P in association with Escherichia coli. Sorocarps were 4-10 mm or more in length, conspicuously yellow throughout or with sori, typically solitary, unbranched or sparsely and irregularly branched. Sorophores were strongly tapered from bases to tips. Bases were typically well-formed disks in form or conically expanded. Sori were yellow to yellowish in color, and the pigmentation intensified with age. Spores were long and thin elliptical, mostly $4.8-9.6{\times}1.9-3.8\;(ave.\;7.3{\times}2.8)\;\mu\textrm{m}$, L/B index about 2.4-2.8, without polar granules.anules.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.787-799
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the accumulation of metallic elements and the control effect of marine pollution caused by ocean dumping in the sediments at a waste disposal area in the Yellow Sea. In July 2009, concentrations of organic matter and metallic elements (Al, Fe, As, Cd, Cr, Co, Hg, Ni, Mn, Pb, and Zn) were measured in surface sediments at the site. The ignition loss (IL) in the surface sediments showed a mean value of 15.4%, about 1.5 times higher than the mean value of the sediments in the coastal areas of Korea. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) at some disposal sites exceeded 20 mg $O_2/g{\cdot}dry$, which signifies the initial concentration of marine sediment pollutants in Japan. The disposal sites contain higher concentrations of Cr, Cu and Zn than the sediments of bays and estuaries that might be contaminated. The magnitude of both metal enrichment factors (EF) and adverse biological effects suggest that pollution with Cr and Ni occurred due to the dumping of waste in the study area. In addition, the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) showed that the surface sediments were moderately contaminated. By the mid-2000s, when the amount of waste dumped at this site was the highest, the concentration of metallic elements was higher than ever recorded. On the other hand, in 2008-09, the need for environmental management was relatively low compare with the peak. As a result, the quality of marine sediment has been enhanced, considering the effect of waste reduction and natural dilution in the disposal area.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2022

Total 418 Yellow Croaker Larimichthys polyactis were examined and the range of total length (TL) was 12.0~27.5 cm and average total length was 19.6 cm. The most important prey component in the diets of L. polyactis was Pisces that constituted 46.5% in %IRI (Index of relative importance). Euphausiacea was the second largest prey component. The result of analysis in ontogenetic and seasonal changes significantly exhibited. The proportion of Pisces increased as increasing body size, whereas the consumption of Macrura decreased gradually. The diets also were different among seasons, with the difference particularly being evident between warm (summer and autumn) and cold (winter and spring) seasons. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) revealed significant dietary differences by seasons (P=0.001).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1978

To study the fluctuation of cold water in the East China Sea in summer heat budget of the Yellow Sea in winter was analysed based on the oceanographic and meteorological data compiled from 1951 to 1974. The maintain value of insolation was observed in December($160{\sim}190ly/day$), while the maximum in February ($250{\sim}260ly/day$). The range of the annual variation was found to be less than 50 ly/day. The value of the radiation term ($Q_s-Q_r-Q_h$) was remarkably small (mean 20 ly/day) in winter. It was negative value in December and January, and a positive value in February. The minimum total heat exchange from the sea ($Q_({h+c}$) was found value (471 ly/day) in February 1962, and the maximum (882 ly/day) in January 1963. The annual total heat exchange was minimum (588 ly/day) in 1962, and maximum (716 ly/day) in 1968. If the average deviation of mean water temperature at 50m depth layer were assumed to be the horizontal index ($C_h$) of colder water, $C_h$ is $C_h=\frac{{\Sigma}\limit_i\;A_i\;T_i}{{\Sigma}\limit_i\;A_i}$ where $A_i$ denotes the area of isothermal region and $T_i$ the value of deviation from mean sea water temperature. The vertical index ($C_v$) of cold water can be expressed similarly. Consequently the total index (C) of cold water equals to the sum of the two components, i.e. $C=C_h$＋$C_v$. Taking the deviation of mean sea surface temperature(T'w) in the third ten-day of Novembers in the Yellow Sea as the value of the initial condition, the following expressions are deduced : $C－T'w＝32.06 - 0.049$ $\;Q_T$ $C_h-T'w/2=12.20-0.019\;Q_T$ $C_v-T'w/2＝18.07-0.027\;Q_T$ where $Q_T$ denotes the total heat exchange of the sea. The correlation coefficients of these regression equations were found to be greater than 0.9. Heat budget was 588 ly/day in winter, and minimum water temperature of cold water was $18^{\circ}C$ in summer of 1962. The isotherm of $23^{\circ}C$ extended narrowly to southward up to $29^{\circ}N$ in summer. However, heat budget was 716 ly/day, and minimum water temperature of cold water was $12^{\circ}C$ in summer of 1968. The isotherm of $23^{\circ}C$ extended widely to southward up to $28^{\circ}30'N$ in summer. As a result of the present study, it may be concluded that the fluctuation of cold water of the East China Sea in summer can be predicted by the calculation of heat budget of the Yellow Sea in winter.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.103-125
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• 2022

This study aims to identify the community characteristics of meiofauna inhabiting the Yellow Sea continental shelf. To this end an annual survey was conducted considering the seasons from 2018 to 2020 at 13 stations with a depth of 18~90 m of the Yellow Sea located at latitudes 35, 36 and 37 degrees north latitude. The survey was conducted in three seasons of spring, summer, and autumn at 5 stations in October 2018, 9 stations in April 2019, and 6 stations in August 2020 was used to collect 3 repetitions at each station. The habitat density of meiobenthos in the surveyed area was in the range of 45~1029 inds./10 cm², which was similar to the previous studies conducted in the Yellow Sea. The density of meiobenthos according to the seasons was 800±69 inds./10 cm² in autumn, the highest, and the lowest at 260±48 inds./10 cm² in summer. A total of 19 taxa appeared in meiobenthos, and the average value showed the number of nine taxa. Among the appearing taxa, the most dominant taxon was nematodes, accounting for 80.8% of the total density, followed by benthic copepods (8.8%) and benthic foraminifers (4.7%). As for the size distribution of medium benthic animals, the density of organisms corresponding to the size of 63~125 ㎛ was the highest, and 1~0.5 mm was the lowest. As for the vertical distribution in the sediments of medium benthic animals, the habitat density gradually decreased as the depth increased in the sediment surface layer. As a result of analysis of the N/C ratio, MPI, and ITD index using medium-sized benthic animals to identify the benthic environment, there were differences by season, but no values indicating pollution overall.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.2523-2528
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• 2012

Green phosphors $(Zn_{1-a-b}M_aM^{\prime}_b)_xGa_yS_{x+3y/2}:Eu^{2+}$ (M, M' = alkali earth ions) with x = 2 and y = 2-5 were prepared, starting from ZnO, MgO, $SrCO_3$, $Ga_2O_3$, $Eu_2O_3$, and S with a flux $NH_4F$ using a conventional solidstate reaction. A phosphor with the composition of $(Zn_{0.6}Sr_{0.3}Mg_{0.1})_2Ga_2S_5:Eu^{2+}$ produced the strongest luminescence at a 460-nm excitation. The observed XRD patterns indicated that the optimized phosphor consisted of two components: zinc thiogallate and zinc sulfide. The characteristic green luminescence of the $ZnS:Eu^{2+}$ component on excitation at 460 nm was attributed to the donor-acceptor ($D_{ZnGa_2S_4}-A_{ZnS}$) recombination in the hybrid boundary. The optimized green phosphor converted 17.9% of the absorbed blue light into luminescence. For the fabrication of light-emitting diode (LED), the optimized phosphor was coated with MgO using magnesium nitrate to overcome their weakness against moisture. The MgO-coated green phosphor was fabricated with a blue GaN LED, and the chromaticity index of the phosphor-cast LED (pc-LED) was investigated as a function of the wt % of the optimized phosphor. White LEDs were fabricated by pasting the optimized green (G) and the red (R) phosphors, and the commercial yellow (Y) phosphor on the blue chips. The three-band pc-WLED resulted in improved color rendering index (CRI) and corrected color temperature (CCT), compared with those of the two-band pc-WLED.

• Clean Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2001

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of zeolite addition on biofloc in aictvated sludge process. Two units were compared each other, in which one was operated as control unit (CU) and the other was managed by adding zeolite into aeration basin to sustain 4,000 mg/l (ZU). It was observed that flocs of both units were enduringly increased in medium size by extending SRT (Solid Retention Time), although their effect size of ZU was smaller than theirs of CU. Zeolite application excessively improved sludge settling property and ZU presented sludge settling velocity of 3.4 to 11 m/h regardless of SRT variation. The sludge volume index (SVI) was in the range of 50 and 108 ml/g. Conversely, the sludge settling velocity of CU seriously depended on SRT increase, and sludge sedimentation was not achieved at a 40 days of SRT due to Sphaerotilus appeared predominantly in reactor.