• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.453-456
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• 2002

The production conditions of cellulolytic enzymes by Trichoderma sp. FJ1, were optimized using response surface analysis. The culture factors which largely affected to the production of enzymes such as cultivation time, carbon source concentration, nitrogen source concentration, and composition ratio of carbon sources were employed. Optimized conditions of the factors above to each cellulolytic enzyme production was as follow: CMCase production was obtained in the conditions of cultivation time of 5.4 days, 3.5% of carbon source concentration, 0.6% of nitrogen source concentration, and 52:48 (avicel:CMC) of composition ratio of carbon sources, respectively, xylanase appeared in the conditions of 5.3 day, 3.5%, 0.8%, and 54:46, respectively, and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ were 7.0 day, 5.0%, 1.0%, and 83:17, respectively, and avicelase were 6.5 day, 4.0%, 0.9%, and 64:36, respectively. The activities of CMCase, xylanase, ${\beta}-glucosidase$, and avicelase predicted by the response surface methodology were 33.5, 52.6, 2.88, and 1.84 U/ml, respectively, and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ was enhanced up to 74% compared to that obtained in the experimental conditions.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.501-509
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• 2012

A 990 bp full-length gene (xynAHJ2) encoding a 329-residue polypeptide (XynAHJ2) with a calculated mass of 38.4 kDa was cloned from Bacillus sp. HJ2 harbored in a saline soil. XynAHJ2 showed no signal peptide, distinct amino acid stretches of glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 10 intracellular endoxylanases, and the highest amino acid sequence identity of 65.3% with the identified GH 10 intracellular mesophilic endoxylanase iM-KRICT PX1-Ps from Paenibacillus sp. HPL-001 (ACJ06666). The recombinant enzyme (rXynAHJ2) was expressed in Escherichia coli and displayed the typical characteristics of low-temperature-active enzyme (exhibiting optimum activity at $35^{\circ}C$, 62% at $20^{\circ}C$, and 38% at $10^{\circ}C$; thermolability at ${\geq}45^{\circ}C$). Compared with the reported GH 10 low-temperature-active endoxylanases, which are all extracellular, rXynAHJ2 showed low amino acid sequence identities (<45%), low homology (different phylogenetic cluster), and difference of structure (decreased amount of total accessible surface area and exposed nonpolar accessible surface area). Compared with the reported GH 10 intracellular endoxylanases, which are all mesophilic and thermophilic, rXynAHJ2 has decreased numbers of arginine residues and salt bridges, and showed resistance to $Ni^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, or EDTA at 10 mM final concentration. The above mechanism of structural adaptation for low-temperature activity of intracellular endoxylanase rXynAHJ2 is different from that of GH 10 extracellular low-temperature-active endoxylanases. This is the first report of the molecular and biochemical characterizations of a novel intracellular low-temperature-active xylanase.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2012

It has been known that the proteome profiles in the period of growth and development of rice are changed by the growth conditions including temperature, soil, and fertilization. In this study, the proteome profiles of Odae polished white rice grown in Chulwon and Chilgog were compared on 2-dimensional(D) gels. The differentially expressed proteins were selected from the 112 identified total proteins and classified into functional groups. The most significantly differentially expressed proteins were stress responsive proteins; Ent-kaur-16-ene synthase, which is responsible for synthesizing a plant hormone gibberellin, was expressed in Chulwon rice and heat shock proteins were in Chilgog rice, respectively. Xylanase inhibitor protein, which inhibits the enzyme xylanase produced by pathogenic fungi and Bacilli, was expressed significantly high in Chilgog rice grown at high temperature. Differential expressions of transporter proteins were observed both in Chulwon and Chilgog rice. Regarding the facts that Chilgog rice contained relatively higher amount of proteins than Chulwon rice and Chulwon rice showed large number of proteins were differentially expressed, it can be concluded that different cultivation conditions could change the protein expression profiles in rice in various ways, including elevation of protein amount or differential expressions of specific proteins, etc. The results suggest that the characteristics of the profiles of the proteome in the polished white rice are definitely changed by the environmental factors including high temperature. The results can be utilized for the development of the proper cultivation conditions for the production of high quality rice with good palatability.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.1734-1744
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• 2019

Objective: In this study, two glycosidases (XMosidases), ${\beta}$-xylosidase and ${\beta}$-mannosidase, were investigated on their in vitro hydrolysis activities of feed and on the improvement of growth performance in vivo in weanling pigs. Methods: Enzyme activities of XMosidases in vitro were evaluated in test tubes and simulation of gastric and small intestinal digestion, respectively, in the presence of NSPase. In vivo study was performed in 108 weaned piglets in a 28-d treatment. Pigs were allotted to one of three dietary treatments with six replicate pens in each treatment. The three treatment groups were as follows: i) Control (basal diet); ii) CE (basal diets+CE); iii) CE-Xmosidases (basal diets+ CE+${\beta}$-xylosidase at 800 U/kg and ${\beta}$-mannosidase at 40 U/kg). CE was complex enzymes (amylase, protease, xylanase, and mannanase). Results: In vitro XMosidases displayed significant activities on hydrolysis of corn and soybean meal in the presence of non-starch polysaccharide degrading enzymes (xylanase and ${\beta}$-mannanase). In vitro simulation of gastric and small intestinal digestion by XMosidases showed XMosidases achieved $67.89%{\pm}0.22%$ of dry matter digestibility and $63.12%{\pm}0.21%$ of energy digestibility at $40^{\circ}C$ for 5 hrs. In weanling pigs, additional XMosidases to CE in feed improved average daily gain, feed conversion rate (p<0.05), and apparent total tract digestibility of crude protein (p = 0.01) and dry matter (p = 0.02). XMosidases also altered the gut bacterial diversity and composition by increasing the proportion of beneficial bacteria. Conclusion: Addition of a complex enzyme supplementation (contained xylanase, ${\beta}$-mannanase, protease and amylase), XMosidases (${\beta}$-xylosidase and ${\beta}$-mannosidase) can further improve the growth performance and nutrient digestion of young pigs.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.1733-1743
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• 2022

Objective: This study was aimed to explore the efficacy of combination of endo-xylanase (Xyn) and xylan-debranching enzymes (arabinofuranosidase, Afd and feruloyl esterase, FE) in improving utilization of bran in piglet diet. Methods: In vitro experiments were firstly conducted to examine the enzymological properties of Xyn, Afd, and FE, concurrent with their effect on degradation of arabinoxylan (Abx) in bran. In vivo experiment was then implemented by allocating two hundred and seventy 35-d-old postweaning piglets into 3 groups (6 replicates/group), which received bran-containing diet supplemented with Xyn (1,600 U/kg) or its combination with Afd (0.8 U/kg) and FE (4 U/kg) or without enzyme. Results: Both Xyn, Afd, and FE are relatively stable against the changes in temperature and pH value. Combining Xyn with Afd and FE had a superiority (p<0.05) over Xyn alone and its combination with Afd or FE in promoting (p<0.05) degradation of Abx in different brans. Combined treatment with Xyn, Afd, and FE was more beneficial than Xyn alone to induce increasing trends (p<0.10) of average daily gain, final body weight and feed efficiency of piglets fed bran-containing diet. Moreover, combination of Xyn, Afd, and FE showed advantages (p<0.05) over Xyn alone in causing reductions (p<0.05) in diarrhea rate and cecal pH value, concurrent with increases (p<0.05) in cecal and colonic acetic acid and total volatile fatty acid concentrations, as well as cecal butyric acid concentration of piglets fed bran-containing diet. Conclusion: Combining Xyn with Afd and FE was more beneficial than Xyn alone in promoting degradation of Abx in bran, along with growth performance and intestinal volatile fatty acid profile of piglets received bran-containing diet. Thereby, combination of Xyn, Afd, and FE had a superior efficacy relative to Xyn alone in improving application of cereal bran in piglet diet.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.642-643
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• 2005

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.241-244
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• 2002

Fungi commonly encountered on monocotyledonous substrates were evaluated for their in vitro ability to produce enzymes involved in lignocellulose breakdown. Most were capable of structural polysac-charide utilization, but few produced enzymes associated with lignin breakdown. None of the mono-cotyledon-inhabiting fungi produced reactions as strongly as wood decay fungi.

• Mycobiology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.173-175
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• 2001

The fruit body of Ramaria botrytis DGUM 29001 was used to determine enzyme activities of fruit body. The specific activity of laccase was the highest(6.5 unit/mg$\cdot$protein) and that of $\alpha$-amylase and xylanase was relatively high. However, little or no enzyme activity of $\beta$-glucosidase, CMCase, exo-$\beta$-1,4-glucanase, chitinase, lipase and protease was found.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.273.1-273
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.204-204
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• 2018