• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.56-56
• /
• 2001

The exogenous gene transfer by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure has been recently used to produce transgenic mice and pigs. Sperm-mediated DNA transfer has the potential to markedly simplify the generation of transgenic animals. This method may serve as an alternative to the pronucleus injection of DNA for the production of transgenic pigs. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the expression of transgene after co-injection of spermatozoon or sperm head with green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene into in vitro matured porcine oocytes. Spermatozoon and sperm head, that was obtained by sonication, were treated with 0.03% Triton X-100 to remove the membrane. They were preincubated with linearized pEGFP-N1 for 1 min, and then embryos cultured NCSU23 medium for 2.5 days after co-injected of sperm and DNA. We monitored expression of GFP in embryos under epifluorescent microscope. The remove of sperm membrane did not alter the developmental competence of embryos after ICSI. At 7 days following injection, the rates of blastocysts following injection of intact sperm (15.0%), and of sperm with disrupted membrane (14.2%) were higher than that following IVF (10.0%). Porcine oocytes injected with sperm which co-cultured with DNA concentration of 1, 0.1, and 0.01 ng were 60, 65.7 and 75% and 18.5, 37.4 and 22.2% for rates of cleavage and GFP expression, respectively. In vitro matured porcine oocytes injected with sperm and isolated sperm head resulted in 69 and 59.7% of cleavage rates, respectively The rates of embryo GFP expressed did not significantly different between sperm (20.4%) and sperm head (20.0%) injection. The transgenic embryos with the clusters of positive blastomeres were observed under fluorescent microscope. Most of embryos expressed GFP gene showed mosaicism. They showed GFP expression at 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4 of blastomeres at the 4-cell stage. Among these 4-cell embryos, the expression rate of 1/4 blastomere group (54.6%) was higher than the other groups (15.3-30.7%). These results indicate that membrane disrupted sperm could attach with exogenous DNA, and that this procedure may be useful to introduce foreign gene into porcine oocytes. Therefore, our data suggest that the ICSI car be a useful tool to efficiently produce transgenic pig as well as other mammals.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.140-154
• /
• 2023

본 연구에서는 15-20 cm 길이의 더덕순을 70% 에탄올로 추출하여 추출물 (CLBE)을 제조하고, H₂O₂로 산화적 스트레스를 유발한 SH-SY5Y세포에 전처리하여 신경세포 보호 효과를 평가하였다. 그 결과, CLBE는 H₂O₂로 자극된 세포에서 세포 손상 및 LDH 방출 억제, ROS 소거를 통하여 세포의 사멸을 막아주었다. 또한 CLBE는 Bcl-2와 Bax 단백질의 발현을 조절함으로써 caspase의 활성을 억제하여 신경세포를 보호하였다. 이상의 연구결과들을 종합할 때, CLBE는 산화적 스트레스에 대하여 신경세포 보호 효과가 있는 것으로 보이며, 향후 신경질환 연구를 위한 치료제 개발 및 고부가가치 식품 소재 개발에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제61권2호
• /
• pp.196-201
• /
• 2023

우리는 금속 산화물 CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs)과 전도성 고분자 Polyaniline (PANI)가 접목된 CNT fiber 유연 전극(CuO NPs/PANI/CNT fiber 전극)을 개발하여 H₂O₂ 검출용 비효소적 전기화학센서에 적용하였다. CNT fiber 표면 위에 PANI와 CuO NPs을 전기화학적 합성/증착을 통해 제작된 CuO NPs/PANI/CNT fiber 전극은 주사전자 현미경(SEM)과 에너지분산형 분광분석법(EDS)을 통해 표면 분석이 수행되었으며, 순환전압 전류법(CV)과 전기화학 임피던스법(EIS), 시간대전류법(CA)을 이용하여 전기화학적 특성 및 H₂O₂ 센싱 성능이 분석되었다. CuO NPs/PANI/CNT fiber 전극은 대조군인 bare CNT fiber 전극과 비교하여 약 4.78배의 유효 표면적 증가를 보였으며, 약 8.33배의 전자 전달 저항(R_et) 감소로 인한 우수한 전기 전도성 및 효율적인 전자전달 등의 전기화학적 특성을 나타냈다. 이런 향상된 전극 특성은 CuO NPs와 PANI의 접목을 통한 시너지 효과에 기인한 것으로, 결과적으로 H₂O₂ 검출에 대한 센싱 성능이 개선되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제49권2호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2023

Background: Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) are a group of chemical substances used in building materials and plastic products to suppress or mitigate the combustion of materials. Although OPFRs are generally used in mixed form, information on their mixture toxicity is quite scarce. Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the toxicity and determine the types of interaction (e.g., synergistic, additive, and antagonistic effect) of OPFRs mixtures. Methods: Nine organophosphorus flame retardants, including TEHP (tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate) and TDCPP (tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate), were selected based on indoor dust measurement data in South Korea. Nine OPFRs were exposed to the luminescent bacteria Aliivibrio fischeri for 30 minutes and the human hepatocyte cell line HepG2 for 48 hours. Chemicals with significant toxicity were only used for mixture toxicity tests in HepG2. In addition, the observed EC_x values were compared with the predicted toxicity values in the CA (concentration addition) prediction model, and the MDR (model deviation ratio) was calculated to determine the type of interaction. Results: Only four chemicals showed significant toxicity in the luminescent bacteria assays. However, EC₅₀ values were derived for seven out of nine OPFRs in the HepG2 assays. In the HepG2 assays, the highest to lowest EC₅₀ were in the order of the molecular weight of the target chemicals. In the further mixture tests, most binary mixtures show additive interactions except for the two combinations that have TPhP (triphenyl phosphate), i.e., TPhP and TDCPP, and TPhP and TBOEP (tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate). Conclusions: Our data shows OPFR mixtures usually have additivity; however, more research is needed to find out the reason for the synergistic effect of TPhP. Also, the mixture experimental dataset can be used as a training and validation set for developing the mixture toxicity prediction model as a further step.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.535-544
• /
• 2015

이 연구는 노인 여성에 대한 저항성 훈련 시 혈류제한(blood flow restriction)을 적용할 경우 저강도 운동을 통해서도 하지의 근력과 근육량을 효과적으로 향상시킬 수 있는지를 검증하기 위해 수행되었다. 총 16명의 노인 여성(연령 70.9±4.6)을 저강도 운동 집단(30% 1 RM, n=8)과 고강도 운동 집단(75% 1 RM, n=8)으로 구분하였다. 두 그룹 모두 우측 하지는 대퇴 근위부에 혈류제한용 커프(cuff)를 착용한 상태에서, 좌측 하지는 혈류제한 장치 없이 동일한 운동을 수행한 후 트레이닝 전·후의 근육량과 근력 변화를 분석하였다. 저항성 운동 프로그램은 leg press, leg extension, leg curl을 12회 반복으로 3세트씩 총 10주간 주 2회 실시하였다. 자기공명영상분석기(MRI)로 근 횡단면적(CSA)과 근육량을 산출하였으며, 체성분 변화는 이중에너지 방사흡수 계측기(DEXA), 근력 평가는 등속성 운동 장비(HUMAC Norm)를 이용하였다. 연구를 통해 10주간의 저항성 훈련 후 혈류제한을 적용한 상태에서 고강도 운동을 수행한 집단의 대퇴사두근 근횡단면적(15.2%, p<.001)과 근육량(13.8%, p<.001)이 증가하였으며 이러한 긍정적 변화는 혈류제한 상태에서 저강도로 운동한 집단의 횡단면적(9.8%, p<.001)과 근육량(6.9%, p<.001) 변화에서도 확인할 수 있었다. 한편, 근력은 운동 수행만으로도 향상되었으나 혈류를 제한할 경우 향상도가 더 높은 경향을 보였다. 따라서 이 연구는 혈류제한을 적용할 경우 저항성 운동을 저강도로 수행하더라도 노인 여성의 근 비대와 근력 증가에 효과적으로 작용할 가능성을 시사한다.

• 한국노년학
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.683-699
• /
• 2009

고령화와 가족 구조의 변화로 노인 부양이 사회적인 문제가 되고 있는 가운데 최근 그 비율이 증가하고 있는 배우자 부양자에 대한 연구의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 배우자 부양은 '돌봄' 외에도 '결혼 생활의 연장'이라는 특징이 있어 성인 자녀를 비롯한 기타 가족 부양자와는 질적으로 다른 경험일 가능성이 크다. 또한 남편과 아내가 처한 맥락이 상이하므로 이들의 성별 차이에 대해 구체적으로 알아볼 필요가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 배우자를 돌보는 부양자에 초점을 맞추어 배우자 부양자의 부양 동기 및 사회적 지지가 부양 부담에 미치는 영향을 성별 차이를 중심으로 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2001년 보건사회연구원에서 실시한 「장기요양보호 대상 노인의 수발 실태와 복지욕구」 자료를 이용하여 기술통계 및 T검증, X²검증과 로지스틱 회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 부양 동기 및 사회적 지지가 부양자의 부양 부담에 미치는 영향은 성별에 따라, 부담의 하위 항목에 따라 차이점과 공통점이 각각 발견되었다. 부양 동기의 경우, 부인을 돌보는 남성의 부양 부담에만 유의미한 영향을 미쳤고, 남편을 돌보는 여성부양자에게서는 부양 동기와 부양 부담과의 관련성이 관찰되지 않았다. 한편, 사회적 지지는 남성 부양자의 부양 부담에는 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 여성 부양자의 경우 사회적 지지가 적을수록 경제적 부담을 느낄 승산이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 부양자의 건강상태와 피부양자의 ADL 수준은 남녀 모두의 신체적 부담에 영향을 미치는 것으로 타나났다. 이러한 결과에 기초하여, 배우자 부양자의 부담을 줄이기 위한 연구와 정책적 노력에 성인지적 관점의 필요성을 제기하였다.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제56권5호
• /
• pp.581-588
• /
• 2023

본 연구에서는 2021년 WP21 탐사를 통해 수집한 마리아나 해구 주변 해양퇴적물(WP21GPC04)에 대한 깊이 별 원소 분포 및 광물 구성에 대한 분석을 수행하였다. 마이크로 X선 형광법(μ-XRF)을 통해 분석된 WP21GPC04 해양 퇴적물의 평균 화학조성은 깊이에 따른 특징적인 변화 없이 평균 SiO₂ 53.91 wt%, FeO 4.48 wt%, Al₂O₃ 16.56 wt%, MgO 2.56 wt%, CaO 4.79 wt%, Na₂O 3.52 wt%, K₂O 5.48 wt%를 보이며, 이를 Mariana pelagic clay와 평균 해양 퇴적물의 원소 분포인 GLOSS (global subducting sediment)의 성분과 비교하였다. 방사광 X선 회절법(Synchrotron-XRD)을 이용하여 분석된 광물 구성은 깊이에 따라 다소 차이가 있음을 확인하였다. 석영, 운모, 사장석은 모든 깊이에서 확인된 반면 녹니석은 상대적으로 얕은 깊이에서만 확인되었고, 제올라이트 계열인 필립사이트와 휼란다이트는 퇴적 깊이에 따라 점진적인 함량의 변화를 보였다. 이는 해양 퇴적물의 퇴적 시기에 따른 환경에 변화가 있었거나 유사한 상 안정성에 의한 공생관계로 해석될 수 있다. 본 연구 결과는 서태평양 마리아나 해구 주변의 퇴적 환경 변화와 섭입하는 해양 퇴적물의 상 분포 및 거동에 따른 섭입대 특성 연구에 대한 기초 자료를 제공할 것이다.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.303-314
• /
• 2024

Objective: Rutin, also called vitamin P, is a flavonoids from plants. Previous studies have indicated that rutin can alleviate the injury of tissues and cells by inhibiting oxidative stress and ameliorating inflammation. There is no report on the protective effects of rutin on goat rumen epithelial cells (GRECs) at present. Hence, we investigated whether rutin can alleviate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage in GRECs. Methods: GRECs were cultured in basal medium or basal medium containing 1 ㎍/mL LPS, or 1 ㎍/mL LPS and 20 ㎍/mL rutin. Six replicates were performed for each group. After 3-h culture, the GRECs were harvested to detect the relevant parameters. Results: Rutin significantly enhanced the cell activity (p<0.05) and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) (p<0.01) and significantly reduced the apoptosis rate (p<0.05) of LPS-induced GRECs. Rutin significantly increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activity (p<0.01) and significantly decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity and reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in LPS-induced GRECs (p<0.01). The mRNA and protein levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) and the mRNA level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and chemokine C-C motif ligand 5 (CCL5) were significantly increased in LPS-induced GRECs (p<0.05 or p<0.01), while rutin supplementation significantly decreased the mRNA and protein levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and CXCL8 in LPS-induced GRECs (p<0.05 or p<0.01). The mRNA level of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and the mRNA and protein levels of TLR4 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) was significantly improved in LPS-induced GRECs (p<0.05 or p<0.01), whereas rutin supplementation could significantly reduce the mRNA and protein levels of TLR4 (p<0.05 or p<0.01). In addition, rutin had a tendency of decreasing the protein levels of CXCL6, NF-κB, and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B alpha (0.05

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2024

Background: The pathogenesis of orofacial cleft (OFC) is multifactorial, involving both genetic and non-genetic factors, the latter of which play a key role in the development of these anomalies. This paper addresses the incidence of OFC in Indonesia, with a focus on identifying and examining the distribution of contributory factors, including parental medical history, pregnancy history, and environmental influences. Methods: The study was conducted through the collection of primary data. An interdisciplinary research team from Indonesia administered a standardized questionnaire to parents who had children with OFC and who had provided informed consent. The case group comprised 133 children born with cleft lip and/or palate, and the control was 133 noncleft children born full-term. The risk factors associated with OFC anomalies were analyzed using the chi-square test and logistic regression. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25. A p-value of 0.05 or less was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: The study comprised 138 children, of whom 82 were boys (59.4%) and 56 were girls (40.6%). Among them, 45 patients (32.6%) presented with both cleft lip and cleft palate, 25 individuals (18.1%) had a cleft palate only, and 28 patients (20.3%) had a cleft lip only. OFC was found to be significantly associated with a maternal family history of congenital birth defects (p<0.05), complications during the first trimester (p<0.05), consumption of local fish (p<0.05), caffeine intake (p<0.05), prolonged medication use (p<0.05), immunization history (p<0.05), passive smoking (p<0.05), and X-ray exposure during pregnancy (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate close relationships between the incidence of OFC and maternal medical history, prenatal factors, and environmental influences.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제22권11호
• /
• pp.1918-1928
• /
• 2021

Objective: With the recent development of various MRI-conditional cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), the accurate identification and characterization of CIEDs have become critical when performing MRI in patients with CIEDs. We aimed to develop and evaluate a deep learning-based algorithm (DLA) that performs the detection and characterization of parameters, including MRI safety, of CIEDs on chest radiograph (CR) in a single step and compare its performance with other related algorithms that were recently developed. Materials and Methods: We developed a DLA (X-ray CIED identification [XCID]) using 9912 CRs of 958 patients with 968 CIEDs comprising 26 model groups from 4 manufacturers obtained between 2014 and 2019 from one hospital. The performance of XCID was tested with an external dataset consisting of 2122 CRs obtained from a different hospital and compared with the performance of two other related algorithms recently reported, including PacemakerID (PID) and Pacemaker identification with neural networks (PPMnn). Results: The overall accuracies of XCID for the manufacturer classification, model group identification, and MRI safety characterization using the internal test dataset were 99.7% (992/995), 97.2% (967/995), and 98.9% (984/995), respectively. These were 95.8% (2033/2122), 85.4% (1813/2122), and 92.2% (1956/2122), respectively, with the external test dataset. In the comparative study, the accuracy for the manufacturer classification was 95.0% (152/160) for XCID and 91.3% for PPMnn (146/160), which was significantly higher than that for PID (80.0%,128/160; p < 0.001 for both). XCID demonstrated a higher accuracy (88.1%; 141/160) than PPMnn (80.0%; 128/160) in identifying model groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The remarkable and consistent performance of XCID suggests its applicability for detection, manufacturer and model identification, as well as MRI safety characterization of CIED on CRs. Further studies are warranted to guarantee the safe use of XCID in clinical practice.