• 센서학회지
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.7-11
• /
• 2024

Soft-pressure sensors have numerous applications in soft robotics, biomedical devices, and wearable smart devices. Herein, we present a highly sensitive electronic skin device with an isotropic wrinkled pressure sensor. A conductive ink for soft pressure sensors is produced by a solution process using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), poly 3-hexylthiophene (P3HT), carbon black, and chloroform as the solvents. P3HT provides high reproducibility and conductivity by improving the ink dispersibility. The conductivity of the ink is optimized by adjusting the composition of the carbon black and PDMS. Soft lithography is used to fabricate a conductive elastic structure with an isotropic wrinkled structure. Two conductive elastic structures with an isotropic wrinkle structure is stacked to develop a pressure sensor, and it is confirmed that the isotropic wrinkle structure is more sensitive to pressure than when two elastic structures with an anisotropic wrinkle structure are overlapped. Specifically, the pressure sensor fabricated with an isotropic wrinkled structure can detect extremely low pressures (1.25 Pa). Additionally, the sensor has a high sensitivity of 15.547 kpa^-1 from 1.25 to 2500 Pa and a linear sensitivity of 5.15 kPa^-1 from 2500 Pa to 25 kPa.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TE
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2005

최근 저항이나 캐패시터와 같은 수동소자를 PCB의 내층에 제조하는 임베디드 패시브 기술이 고성능의 IT 제품을 제조하는데 사용되고 있다. 그런데 임베디드 캐패시터는 정전용량 밀도가 낮아 회로소자로서의 전반적인 응용에 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위하여 wrinkle형의 전극과 유전체 층을 가진 새로운 임베디드 캐패시터를 제안하였다. FEM 기법을 사용하여 wrinkle형 임베디드 캐패시터의 정전용량 밀도를 평가하였다. Wrinkle형 임베디드 캐패시터는 기존의 평면형 임베디드 캐패시터에 비하여 25.6%$\sim$39.6% 정도 큰 정전용량 밀도를 나타내었다. 특히, thin film형 임베디드 캐패시터에 wrinkle 구조를 적용할 때 정전용량 밀도가 보다 많이 향상되었다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국연소학회 1998년도 제17회 KOSCI SYMPOSIUM 논문집
• /
• pp.139-154
• /
• 1998

Under certain circumstance, premixed turbulent flame can be treated as wrinkled thin laminar flame and its motion in a hydrodynamic flow field has been investigated by employing G-equation. Past studies on G-equation successfully described certain aspects of laminar flame propagation such as effects of stretch on flame speed. In those studies, flames were regarded as a passive interface that does not influence the flow field. The experimental evidences, however, indicate that flow field can be significantly modified by the propagation of flames through the volume expansion of burned gas. In the present study, a new method to be used with G -equation is described to include the effect of volume expansion in the flame dynamics. The effect of volume expansion on the flow field is approximated by Biot-Savart law. The newly developed model is validated by comparison with existing analytical solutions of G -equation to predict flames propagating in hydrodynamic flow field without volume expansion. To further investigate the influence of volume expansion, present method was applied to initially wrinkled or planar flame propagating in an imposed velocity field and the average flame speed was evaluated from the ratio of flame surface area and projected area of unburned stream channel. It was observed that the initial wrinkling of flame cannot sustain itself without velocity disturbance and wrinkled structure decays into planar flame as the flame propagates. The rate of decay of the structure increased with volume expansion. The asymptotic change in the average burning speed occurs only with disturbed velocity field. Because volume expansion acts directly on the velocity field, the average burning speed is affected at all time when its effect is included. With relatively small temperature ratio of 3, the average flame speed increased 10%. The combined effect of volume expansion and flame stretch is also considered and the result implied that the effect of stretch is independent of volume release.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.33-39
• /
• 1989

A turbulent premixed flames of layer formed between burned hot gas and unburned mixture were investigated by means of schlieren photograph with fluctuations of temperature and ion current. The combustion intensity between burned hot gas and shear layer was higher than the intensity between unburned mixture and shear layer. A wrinkled laminar flame and flamelet were appeared at downstream to exist and distributed reaction zone was at upstream as a result of analyzed probability density functions of temperature fluctuation. The initial combustion intensity of reaction zone of eddy between burned hot gas and shear layer was higher than that of final, flowing downstream, and vice versa between unburned mixture and shear layer.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.113-120
• /
• 1989

가잠에서 분리된 새로운 미포자충(S85)의 특성을 구명하기 위한 일환으로 포자의 미세구조를 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 포자는 전자밀도가 상이한 3층의 피각으로 되어 있으며 그 외각은 전자밀도가 높고 요철이 다소 심한 편이고 내각은 전자밀도가 낮으며 포자피각 두께의 대부분을 차지하였다. 2. 극막층은 그 배열이 조밀하고 성긴 두 부분의 Lamellae 구조로 되어 있었다. 3. 극사는 13개의 coil을 가지고 있으며 전자밀도가 서로 다른 8개의 동심원층으로 되어 있었다. 4. 포자는 1개의 핵을 가지고 있으며 다포자아막을 형성하고 막내에 16개 이상의 포자를 가지고 있었다. 5. 포자의 표면은 거칠고 주름이 있으며 다포자 아막은 고무풍선처럼 생긴 얇은 막구조로서 표면에는 약간의 주름이 있었다.

• 동력기계공학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 1998

The combustion regime was discussed using a laser tomography and flame structure diagram. It was shown first how to represent the turbulent burning velocity and flame structural parameters in the dimensionless plane referred to as the flame structure diagram. And then, turbulent flame structure from the obtained images by laser tomography was compared with combustion regime in the Re-Da plane, one of the diagrams, specified by different researchers. As the result, the $u'/S_{L0}$ ratio at the boundary between the wrinkled laminar flame regime and reactant islands flame regime was found to be about 1.5.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.577-585
• /
• 2015

We fabricated multi-scale such as macro-, micro-, and multi-scale wrinkles by using repetitive volume dividing (RVD) method and thermal curing process. Also wrinkle surface was modified with coating of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM). We measured the contact angle of each wrinkled surface, and observed the behavior of droplets on sloping surface. Through experimental study, we found out that the contact angle was much higher in case of multi-scale and SAM coated wrinkles. And micro-scale wrinkle showed a high contact angle comparing with that of macro-scale wrinkle. Dynamic behaviors of a water droplet like sliding velocity on diverse wrinkled surfaces were dependent on their static contact angles. These results showed that hydro-dynamic characteristics were changed depending on the wrinkle structure and the material forming the wrinkle. These dynamic characteristics can be utilized in bio-chip, microfluidics, and many others in order to control easily chemical reactivity.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.107-118
• /
• 1986

The presenet research attempts to examine the combustion characteristics and the structure of the flame in turbulent premixed flames and thus enhance the combustion performance that leads to the design of the effective combustion system (untilizing LNG). Following experimental investigations for several stabilized premixed flames were attempted to identify the interactive mechanism between flame structures and flow fields; Visualization by Schlieren method, measurement of flow velocity by LDV, detection of ion current by ion probe, measurement of fluctuating temperature by thermocouple having compensation circuit, average values with respect to time of fluctuating amount for flow velocity, temperature, ion current, etc., variable RMS values, PDFs, autocorrelation, crosscorrelation, spatial macroscale, power spectra, and velocity scale. Continuing the authors published studies whose flame dominated by coherent structures and the characteristics of combustion reaction for irregular three dimensional flame and stabilized flame by step were investigated with obtained experimental quantities. Results of this research are following : The most turbulent flames support the structure of a Wrinkled laminar flame or laminar flamelets. It also observed that combustion reaction is related to small tubulence microscales of the turbulent flow fields closly.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제33권12호
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2005

본 연구에서는 팽창형 막 구조물의 대변형 특성을 수치적 그리고 실험적으로 살펴보았다. Miller와 Hedgepeth의 막 이론을 이용하여 주름 효과를 고려한 막재료 구성방정식을 FORTRAN으로 해석 알고리즘을 만들어 user material(UMAT) subroutine을 개발하였다. 개발된 주름 해석 UMAT subroutine을 상용 해석 프로그램 ABAQUS와 연계 해석하여 팽창형 막 구조물의 주름 영역과 변형된 형상 특성 연구를 수행하였다.

• Advanced Composite Materials
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.319-332
• /
• 2008

The thermoelastic behaviors of an inflatable fabric membrane structure for use in a stratospheric airship envelope are experimentally and numerically investigated. Mechanical tensile properties of the membrane material at room, high, and low temperatures are measured using an $Instron^{(R)}$ universal testing machine and an $Instron^{(R)}$ thermal chamber. To characterize the nonlinear behavior of the inflated membrane structure due to wrinkling, the bending behavior of an inflated cylindrical boom made of a fabric membrane is observed at various pressure levels. Moreover, the envelope of a stratospheric airship is numerically modeled based on the thermoelastic properties of the fabric membrane obtained from experimental data, and the wrinkled deformed shape induced by a thermal load is analyzed.