• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.339-348
• /
• 2006

최근 자동화된 공격기법에 의한 인프라 피해 사례가 급증하면서 효율적 대응 기법에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 특히, 패킷을 통한 네트워크 서비스의 취약성을 공격하는 웜의 전파 메커니즘은 빠른 전파 속도로 인해 네트워크 대역폭 및 노드 가용성에 심각한 피해를 일으키고 있다. 이전 웜 탐지 기법들은 주로 시그너처 기반의 미시적 접근방식이 주를 이루었으나 높은 오탐지율과 조기탐지의 한계로 인해 최근에는 웜 전파의 특징에 기인한 거시적 접근 방식이 각광을 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 패킷 마킹을 통해 웜 행동 사이클과 감염 체인으로 대표되는 웜의 행위적 특성을 탐지하고 대응할 수 있는 분산 웜 탐지 모델을 제안한다. 제안하는 웜 탐지 모델은 기존 모델들이 지닌 확장성의 한계를 분산된 호스트들의 협업적 대응으로 해결할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 웜 탐지에 필수적인 감염 정보만을 처리함으로써 개별 호스트의 프로세싱 오버헤드를 감소시킬 수 있다. 그리고 본 논문에서 제안하는 탐지 모델 적용 시 조기 탐지 결과로 인해 웜의 감염 속도가 시간의 경과에 따라 감소되는 현상과 호스트 간의 협업적 대응에 의해 전체 호스트의 면역성이 증가되는 현상을 시뮬레이션을 통해 증명하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.265-267
• /
• 2008

A case of periocular dirofilariasis has been diagnosed in Iran. A 27-yr old female referred with a history of edema and redness in the left eye since 2 wk ago. On slit lamp examination, a moving thread-like worm was seen in the subconjunctival area. Two days later, a 126 mm long, live filaria worm was extracted from the lower lid subcutaneous tissue. The worm was diagnosed as, likelihood, Dirofilaria immitis on microscopic examinations. The present case suggests that D. immitis can cause periocular infections.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제35권3B호
• /
• pp.551-557
• /
• 2010

최근 빠른 속도로 확산되는 인터넷 웜은 인터넷은 물론 융합망에서도 주요한 위협이 될 것으로 예상된다. 이러한 인터넷 웜에 대응하기 위해서는 웜의 확산 방식과 웜 확산에 영향을 끼치는 융합 요소를 연구하는 것이 필수적이다. 본 논문은 융합망 환경에서 웜 확산에 대한 정확한 모델링을 그 목표로 한다. 이를 위하여 다양한 실험을 통하여 융합망 환경에서 웜 확산의 양상을 분석한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2004

We investigated the induction of resistance to Clonorchis sinensis infection by prior infection in rat and hamster models. Animals were challenged with C. sinensis metacercariae, then treated with praziquantel and reinfected. Worm recovery rate in reinfected animals was used to estimate resistance to reinfection. The determined resistance rates to reinfection in rats and hamsters were 97.7% and 10.3%, respectively. In rats, cure from the primary infection of C. sinensis increased resistant to reinfection, and the greatert the worm burden and the longer the duration of primary infection, the higher was the resistance rate. For primary infection doses of 10, 40 and 100 metacercariae per rat, the resistance rates were 87.4%, 93.8% and 98.4%, respectively. The resistance rates in rats after 2 or 8-week primary infection were 78.7% and 95.3%, respectively. All worms recovered from reinfected rats were immature. When cured rats were administered with methylprednisolone, resistance to reinfection became impaired. These findings indicate that rats develop a high degree of resistance to reinfection by C. sinensis after cure. The growths and maturations of reinfected worms were also impaired.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.177-182
• /
• 2013

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the potential role of the 27-Kilodalton (KDa) antigen versus Fasciola gigantica adult worm regurge antigens in a DOT-Blot assay and to assess this assay as a practical tool for diagnosis fascioliasis in Egyptian patients. Fasciola gigantica antigen of an approximate molecular mass 27- (KDa) was obtained from adult worms by a simple elution SDS-PAGE. A Dot-Blot was developed comparatively to adult worm regurge antigens for the detection of specific antibodies from patients infected with F. gigantica in Egypt. Control sera were obtained from patients with other parasitic infections and healthy volunteers to assess the test and compare between the antigens. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of Dot-Blot using the adult worm regurge were 80%, 90%, 94.1%, and 69.2% respectively, while those using 27-KDa were 100% which confirms the diagnostic potential of this antigen. All patients infected with Fasciola were positive, with cross reactivity reported with Schistosoma mansoni serum samples. This 27-KDa Dot-Blot assay showed to be a promising test which can be used for serodiagnosis of fascioliasis in Egyptian patients especially, those presenting with hepatic disease. It is specific, sensitive and easy to perform method for the rapid diagnosis particularly when more complex laboratory tests are unavailable.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.263-267
• /
• 2012

The present study was performed to describe 2 human cases infected by the horsehair worm, Parachordodes sp., in Japan. Two gordiid worms were collected in the vomit and excreta of an 80-year-old woman in November 2009 in Kyoto city, and in the mouth of 1-year-old boy in December 2009 in Nara city, Japan, respectively. Both worms were males having bifurcated posterior ends and male gonads in cross sectional specimens. They were identified as Parachordodes sp. (Nematomorpha: Chordodidae) based on the characteristic morphologies of cross sections and areoles in the cuticle. DNA analysis on 18S rRNA partial sequence arrangements was also carried out and both worms were assumed to be close to the genus Paragordionus based on tree analysis, and far from Gordius sp. which has already been reported in humans in Japan. DNA sequencing of the Parachordodes worm does not appear on the database; therefore, more information on the gene sequences of the genus Parachordodes from humans, animals, or intermediates is required.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제60권6호
• /
• pp.419-421
• /
• 2022

To improve our understanding of the migration of sparganum in humans, we report a case of ocular sparganosis having the migratory episode from the muscle cone to the subconjunctiva. A 34-year-old woman was admitted to the Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Hefei, China), in December 2019. She presented with conjunctival hemorrhage and recurrent pain in the left eye. A foreign body was found in the muscle cone of the eye. Two months later, a ribbon-like white material was found under the conjunctiva on slit-lamp examination. A long and slender, actively moving parasite was extracted by surgery. The extracted worm was approximately 8 cm long and 2 mm wide. The worm was whitish, wrinkled, ribbon shaped, and had a slightly enlarged scolex. The worm sample was morphologically identified as a plerocercoid larva (sparganum) of the Spirometra tapeworm. Her conjunctival blood suffusion and eye pain ceased within 1 week after operation. She has been in good health without any symptoms during the 2-year follow-up. A case of ocular sparganosis, in which larval worm migrated from the muscle cone to the subconjunctiva is reported from China.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.549-557
• /
• 1994

This study was done to find the method of the extermination of Fasciola hepatica matacercariae. And the artificial infection was carried out with 30 metacercarae exposed to 5% ammonia water and not-exposed to 5% ammonia water. Serial determinations of live weight, red blood cell, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, and eosinophils were performed in rats at 7 days interval for 16 weeks after infection (WAI). Recovery of worm burden and microscopic findings of livr was performed in rats at 10 WAI. The results in this work were summarized as follows; 1. Fasciola spp metacercariae exposed to 5% ammonia water have lost their ability of infection. 2. In teh exposed group, the mean of worm recovered was 2.25 and the common bile duct was swelling up to 0.71cm in diameter. 3. The value of live weight was different in two groups as the not-exposed group and the exposed group were 321.28, 384.38 at 10 WAI, respectively. 4. In the not-exposed group, at 7 WAI, hemoglobin at 5 WAI and packed cell volume at 7 WAI wre minimally decreased to $5.84{\times}10^{-6}/mm^3$, 11.53g/dl and 43.2%, respectively. But those three values were slowly increased at 10 WAI. Rercent cosinophil was increased to 12.2% at 4 WAI and slightly decreased to 7.9% at 10 WAI. But there are no stastistical singnificance between the exposed group and the normal control group. 5. In histolgical findings in the not-exposed group, the dilated common bile ducts and intrahepatic bile ducts showed distinct hyperplasia of the epithelium. Lymphocytes and eosinophils were infilterated around the bile ducts. The hepatic cells and Kupffer cells showed swollen appearance.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.219-223
• /
• 2007

A case of Diphyllobothrium latum infection in a 49-year old man is described, and diphyllobothriasis latum in the Republic of Korea is briefly reviewed. An incomplete strobila of a tapeworm, 95 cm in length, without scolex and neck, was spontaneously discharged in the feces of a patient. On the basis of morphologic characteristics of the worm and eggs, the worm was identified as D. latum. The patient was successfully treated with a single dose (15 mg/kg) of praziquantel. The most probable source of infection was salmon flesh according to the past history of the patient. The first case of D. latum infection was documented in 1971, and this is the 43rd recorded case in the Republic of Korea. The 43 cases were briefly reviewed. The patients' main complaints were gastrointestinal troubles, such as mild abdominal pain, indigestion, and diarrhea, and discharge of tapeworm segments in the feces. The suspected infection sources included raw or improperly cooked flesh of fresh or brackish water fish, including the perch, mullet, salmon, and trout.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.93-99
• /
• 1999

Eosinohil and IgE responses of interleukin IL(-5 transgenic and normal C3H/HeN mice were studied after experimental infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis 9Nb). Intestinal worms were recovered at day 5 post-infection (PI), and numbers of total white blood cells (WBC) and eosinophils, and total serum IgE and anti-hapten (dinitrophenyl)(DNP) specific IgE titers, were measured at days 0,14 and PI. IL-5 mice appeared resistant to Nb infection showing a significantly ower worm recovery rate than normal mice (P<0.05). Total WBC and eosinophil counts (/mm3) were significantly increased in Nb infected normal mice (p<0.05), but unchanged (total WBC) or decreased (eosinophils) in IL-5 mice at day 21 PI. The total serum IgE level remarkably increased in normal mice, but only a little in IL-5 mice at days 14 and 21 PI. Priming with DNP brought about more remarkable increases of the total and anti-DNP specific IgE in normal mice than in IL-5 mice. The results show that IL-5 mice are resistant to Nb infection, and that eosinophil and IgE responses in these mice are not augmented by N infection.