• 한국안광학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2006

컴퓨터 화면은 인간과 컴퓨터 사이의 장벽이다. 본 연구는 컴퓨터 소프트웨어를 이용하여 50명의 컴퓨터 사용 학생들의 눈 문제에 대한 주된 원인을 이해하고 컴퓨터 스크린을 보고 있는 상태에서 환자의 시생활을 정확하게 평가할 수 있도록 하기 위해 시행하였다. 소프트웨어 TSS Optometric Toolkit for computer users(UK)는 눈 관리 전문가가 검사 대상자들의 컴퓨터 사용 환경과 유사한 상황에서 시활동을 평가하는 중요한 기법이다. 프로그램은 근거리 시력, 텍스트 디스플레이, 스프레드시트 디스플레이, 주시 시차, 이색검사, 숫자 찾기, 란돌트 링 찾기 등의 7가지 검사로 이루어졌다. 조사 대상의 55%는 눈 문제와 관련이 없었다. 25%는 컴퓨터 화면, 작업환경, 부적당한 작업실무의 문제를 호소하였는데 이러한 문제는 안경사나 안과의사가 해결해 줄 수 없는 분야이다. 그리고 나머지 20%는 안경처방이나 컴퓨터 사용을 위한 안경처방으로 해결할 수 있다. 본 연구에 의하면 컴퓨터 프로그램 TSS Optometric Toolkit for computer users가 컴퓨터와 관련된 눈의 문제를 평가하는데 매우 유용한 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.395-402
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• 2018

본 연구는 영화 <네버 렛 미 고>를 푸코의 권력이론 중 생명권력과 규율권력이 억압하는 사회적 구조에서 권력에 함몰되지 않고 주체적으로 실현하려는 인간의 가치로 분석하고자 한다. 과거 생사여탈권을 쥔 군주권력이 시행하던 신체형은 18세기 이후 생명권력으로 변모하여 인간의 신체를 교정하고 규율에 맞는 능력을 부여하여 기계처럼 작동하도록 하였다. 이러한 생명권력의 통제 속에서 인간은 질병을 치료받고 수명을 연장시키는 안전 욕구를 달성하며, 생산재로서 기능한다. 학교는 생명권력이 효율적으로 작동할 수 있도록 훈육을 통해 신체를 통제하고 규율을 내면화시킨다. 이 영화는 기존 복제인간을 소재로 한 영화들과 차별성이 있다. 복제인간들이 장기 기증자의 역할을 별도의 저항 없이 순응하거나 원본인간과 복제인간의 갈등이 드러나지 않는 점이 그러한 예다. 또한 기존 소설과 영화가 미래를 배경으로 한 것과 달리 1970년대부터 1990년대에 이르는 과거 회고 형식을 띤 점도 그렇다. 이들은 인간의 감정을 가지고 관계에 의존하거나 상실을 경험하며 독립적 자아를 찾고 유한한 삶의 한계 속에서 삶의 가치를 실현하고자 한다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.304-309
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the maximum screw-in forces generated during the movement of various Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) file systems. Materials and Methods: Forty simulated canals in resin blocks were randomly divided into 4 groups for the following instruments: Mtwo size 25/0.07 (MTW, VDW GmbH), Reciproc R25 (RPR, VDW GmbH), ProTaper Universal F2 (PTU, Dentsply Maillefer), and ProTaper Next X2 (PTN, Dentsply Maillefer, n = 10). All the artificial canals were prepared to obtain a standardized lumen by using ProTaper Universal F1. Screw-in forces were measured using a custom-made experimental device (AEndoS-k, DMJ system) during instrumentation with each NiTi file system using the designated movement. The rotation speed was set at 350 rpm with an automatic 4 mm pecking motion at a speed of 1 mm/sec. The pecking depth was increased by 1 mm for each pecking motion until the file reach the working length. Forces were recorded during file movement, and the maximum force was extracted from the data. Maximum screw-in forces were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc comparison at a significance level of 95%. Results: Reciproc and ProTaper Universal files generated the highest maximum screw-in forces among all the instruments while M-two and ProTaper Next showed the lowest (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Geometrical differences rather than shaping motion and alloys may affect the screw-in force during canal instrumentation. To reduce screw-in forces, the use of NiTi files with smaller cross-sectional area for higher flexibility is recommended.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.901-906
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• 2007

미지의 환경에서 이동로봇이 자율 주행을 할 수 있기 위해서는 경로 설정 및 장애물 회피가 필수적인 요소이다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 비전과 IR 센서로부터 획득한 데이터와 퍼지규칙을 이용하는 자율 주행 알고리즘을 구현하고자 한다. 로봇과 장애물과의 거리가 멀리 떨어져 있는 경우는 비전에서 얻은 2차원 이미지를 메디안 필터링, 에지 추출, 모폴로지, 세선화 과정을 거쳐 임시 목표물을 설정한 다음, 거리 변화율 기법과 퍼지 규칙을 이용하여 경로 설정을 한다. 로봇과 장애물과의 거리가 근접할 경우는 IR 센서를 이용하여 경로 설정 및 근접 장애물 회피를 하도록 한다. 그리고 본 논문에서는 제안된 퍼지규칙을 이용한 데이터 융합 알고리즘이 이동로봇을 미지의 환경에서 보다 효율적으로 주행하게 할 수 있음을 실제 실험을 통해 보여주고자 한다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2007

Purpose: By identifying the actual profile of emergency medical personnel's pre-admission infection control practices, this study intended to provide a basic reference material for the improvement and reorientation of pre-admission infection control measures, and thereby help establish an effective plan for pre-admission infection control activities. Methods: Total 119 EMT's working for Jeollabuk-do Provincial Fire Defense HQ were asked to join a structured questionnaire survey from June to August 2006. Results: 1. It was found that 56.1% respondents answered no guideline available on the prevention of infection. Out of our rescue brigade members who knew about relevant guideline available, 34.2% respondents answered that their department conducted quality control program for the guideline. 2. For protective outfit in emergency practice, it was found that most respondents put on gloves or nothing at all(38%), which was followed by sterile gloves(29.2%), disposable mask(26.9%), gown(4.3%) and protective goggle(1.6%). And it was noted that all respondents(100%) washed out any clothing contaminated with somatic secretion on their own. 3. For a question about any experience in emergency activities exposed to infectious diseases, it was found that most of all respondents(77.9%) answered 'No', which was followed by 'Don't Know'(18.6%) and Yes(3.9 %). 4. For a question about any experience in inquiring of patients about infectious diseases, it was found that most respondents(49.4%) answered 'Yes' and 'Sometimes'(9.1%). It was noted that 20.2% respondents had extra medical examination in medical institution in terms of whether they were exposed to infectious diseases, apart from regular medical examination. Conclusions: In order to protect 119 EMT's from infectious diseases, it will be necessary to acquire emergency medical staffs specializing in infection control and organize corresponding personnel training units to keep providing reorientation and evaluation. In addition, it will be also necessary to supply them with a full set personal protection apparatuses and other equipments required for disinfection and sterilization.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1381-1387
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• 2016

This study aims to establish baseline data for sustainable monitoring by applying the green city index (GCI), which is set up to evaluate the city level, to the city of Gangneung-si, which was designated as a pilot city for the Low-carbon Green Growth City project by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transportation. The GCI was applied in the framework of European systems, while considering the social and economic status of Korea. Indicators from 7 areas-$CO_2$, energy, building, transportation, water, waste, and quality of atmosphere were analyzed, except for qualitative indicators. Results indicate that total $CO_2$ emissions were 30.8 tons per capita, or 2.2 tons per one million units of real GDP. The total final energy consumption was 0.231 TOE/capita, or 0.317 TOE per one million units of real GDP. The percentage of total energy derived from renewable resources was 0.41% and energy consumption by the building was $433.5Mwh/1,000m^2$. The total percentage of the working population travelling to work daily by public transportation (limited to bus) was 19%. Further, the total annual water consumption was $99m^3/capita$, and the water lost in the water distribution system was $0.057m^3/capita/day$. The total annual waste collected was 0.0077 ton per capita, The annual mean emission were 0.014 ppm/day for $NO_2$, 0.005 ppm/day for $SO_2$, and 0.019 ppm/day for $O_3$. The annual mean for PM10 emissions was $39{\mu}g/m^3/day$.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2012

The consultation with building energy experts working at domestic government-funded research institutes and enterprises on performance set, element technology, and policy for the realization of low-energy and the survey with construction workers on the relevance of climate change in building construction, government support policy, and methodologies for the construction of low-energy house were carried in the study. In addition the public element preference survey on the low-energy house and awareness research on the low-carbonization of building were carried and presented for the development of affordable low-energy house. There was a big difference in the recognition of building energy performance setting and setting for the construction cost to realize it between experts and ordinary citizens in the study. To fill this gap education and promotion of zero energy house and securing economic feasibility through the commercialization of element technology will be needed. The satisfaction in government's zero energy house policy was normally low. To improve this low satisfaction administrative and technical support are considered to be expanded. Common high cost of construction was the top priority to resolve the problem, and enhancing renewable energy grants, tax relief, and substantial cost support could be as detailed solutions.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.523-529
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• 2018

Two liquids which are generally used as fuels of rockets are mixed and their mixing process is quantitatively investigated by the use of particle image velocimetry (PIV). As working fluids for the liquid mixing, Dimethylfuran (DMF) and JetA1 oils have been used. Since the specific gravity of DMF is larger than that of JetA1 oil, the DMF oil has been set at the lower part of the JetA1 oil. For better visualization of the mixing process, Rhodamin B powder has been blended into the DMF oil. An agitator having 3 blades has been used for mixing the two liquids. For quantitative visualization, a LCD monitor has been used as a light source. A color camera, camcoder, has been used for recording the mixing process. The images captured by the camcoder have been digitized into three color components, R, G, and B. The color intensities of R, G, and B have been used as the inputs of the neural network of which hidden layer has 20 neurons. Color-to-concentration calibration has been performed before commencing the main experiments. Once this calibration is completed, the temporal changes of the concentration of the DMF has been quantitatively analyzed by using the constructed measurement system.

• 산업공학
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• 제16권spc호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2003

While demands for express service are rapidly increasing according to recent progress of electronic commerce, express service companies are struggling to take a larger delivery service market share through ongoing improvement in their service processes. Extension of cut-off time for express service centers can provide the express company with increase of total sales, but it may also cause to increase the possibility not to satisfy customer needs due to work delay in the consolidation terminal. Therefore, compromised decision for cut-off time of each service center should be made by taking operation characteristics of the consolidation terminal into account. This study suggests an approach for determining the cut-off time for express service centers according to operational characteristics of the consolidation terminal with the objective of maximizing expected incremental sales. The problem defined in this study can be represented as two successive models; one is an integer programing model in which the best cut-off time for each sales center are determined, and the other is a single machine scheduling model in which a working schedule in the consolidation terminal is obtained. A genetic algorithm is developed to solve the two models simultaneously. Finally, an example problem is carried out to verify applicability and performance of the algorithm with the data set collected from an express company.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.132-141
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• 2013

Robotic Drilling Systems(RDSs) set the standard for the factory automation systems in aerospace manufacturing. With the benefits of cost effective drilling and predictive maintenance, RDSs can provide greater flexibility in the manufacturing process. The system can be easily adopted to manage very complex and time-consuming processes, such as automated fastening hole drilling processes of large aircraft sections, where it would be difficult accomplished by workers following teaching or conventional guided methods. However, in order to build an RDS based on a CAD model, the precise calibration of the Tool Center Point(TCP) must be performed in order to define the relationships between the fastening-hole target and the End Effector(EEF). Based on the kinematics principle, the robot manipulator requires a new method to correct the 3D errors between the CAD model of the reference coordinate system and the actual measurements. The system can be called as a successful system if following conditions can be met; a. seamless integration of the industrial robot controller and the IO Level communication, b. performing pre-defined drilling procedures automatically. This study focuses on implementing a new technology called iGPS into the fastening-hole-drilling process, which is a critical process in aircraft manufacturing. The proposed system exhibits better than 100-micron 3D accuracy under the predefined working space. Based on the proposed EEF fastening-hole machining process, the corresponding processes and programs are developed, and its feasibility is studied.