• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.64 no.3
• /
• pp.257-279
• /
• 2012

This study examined how employment status changes affects poverty transition of workable youth using 3years panel data from KoWePS(Korea Welfare Panel Study, 2007-2009). Findings and implications of this study as follows. First, although relative poverty rate of aged 18-34 is lower than other age groups, significant amount of youth experienced poverty once in 2007-2009(14.59%). This means that there are some of youth suffering for poverty and the aspect of youth poverty is very dynamic. Second, much of workable poor of youth had high level of education(45.9% in 2009) and they were unemployed or inactive in labor market(55.3% in 2009). These findings consistent with previous studies of youth poverty or youth employment. Third, workable youth who had changed employment status from employed to unemployed or inactive in labor market were likely to enter poverty and less likely to exit from poverty. Moreover youth who were non-standard employed had more possibility to be poor and less possibility to be not poor. These show that employment instability makes youth vulnerable to economic hardship, poverty. The result of this study suggest that anti-poverty programs which are related with the work-related programs and active labor market policy, should consider workable youth who have high level of human capital comparing other ordinary working poor. Because of much of youth are not poor in fixed time point, they can't be supported from existing social assistance program, like National Basic Livelihood Protection Program. As youth who experienced poverty in changing time need social support to prevent long-term poverty, government should contemplate adopting assistance program for workable poor youth.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.56 no.4
• /
• pp.319-326
• /
• 2023

Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased the workload of healthcare workers (HCWs), impacting their health. This study aimed to assess sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and identify factors associated with poor sleep among HCWs in Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1000 frontline HCWs were recruited from various healthcare facilities in Vietnam between October 2021 and November 2021. Data were collected using a 3-part self-administered questionnaire, which covered demographics, sleep quality, and factors related to poor sleep. Poor sleep quality was defined as a total PSQI score of 5 or higher. Results: Participants' mean age was 33.20±6.81 years (range, 20.0-61.0), and 63.0% were women. The median work experience was 8.54±6.30 years. Approximately 6.3% had chronic comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. About 59.5% were directly responsible for patient care and treatment, while 7.1% worked in tracing and sampling. A total of 73.8% reported poor sleep quality. Multivariate logistic regression revealed significant associations between poor sleep quality and the presence of chronic comorbidities (odds ratio [OR], 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17 to 5.24), being a frontline HCW directly involved in patient care and treatment (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.16), increased working hours (OR, 1.84; 95% CI,1.37 to 2.48), and a higher frequency of encountering critically ill and dying patients (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.95). Conclusions: The high prevalence of poor sleep among HCWs in Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic was similar to that in other countries. Working conditions should be adjusted to improve sleep quality among this population.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.62.2-62.2
• /
• 2013

Recent spectroscopic observations have provided evidence for complex chemical evolution by supernovae and/or asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the two metal-poor globular clusters (GCs) NGC2419 and M15. In particular, the horizontal branches (HBs) of these metal-poor GCs are very extended in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. The origin of these peculiar features, as well as that for the Sandage period-shift effect observed in these clusters, are yet to be understood. Here we show, by constructing population models including the Nitrogen enhanced subpopulation, that the second generation populations in these clusters would be enhanced not only in Helium, but also in Nitrogen. This working hypothesis can simultaneously explain the observed extended feature on the HB and the period-shift of RR Lyrae variables.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
• /
• v.10 no.7
• /
• pp.643-648
• /
• 2004

Most of shoes manufacturing processes are not yet automated, which puts restrictions on the increase of productivity. Among them, adhesive application processes particularly are holding the most workers and working hours. In addition, its working conditions are very poor due to the toxicity of adhesive agents. In case of automating adhesive application processes by using robots, the robot teaching by playback is difficult to produce high productivity because the kinds of shoes to be taught mount up to several thousands. Therefore, it is essential to generate the robot working paths automatically according to the kind, the size, and the right and left of shoes, and also to teach them to the robot automatically. This study deals with automated adhesive spraying to shoe outsoles and uppers by using a robot, and develops the program to generate three-dimensional robot working paths off-line based on CAD data. First, the three-dimensional data of an outsole outline or an upper profiling line are extracted from the two-dimensional CAD drawing file or the three-dimensional scanner. Next, based on the extracted data and the nozzle conditions for adhesive spraying, a robot working path is generated automatically. This research work is the core in automating adhesive spraying processes, and will do much for increasing productivity of shoes manufacturing.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.171-179
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the mental health and presenteeism of early childhood teachers and to explore the effects of working conditions and job satisfaction on these. Methods: Data from the 4thKorean Work Environment Survey were used. The sample consisted of 474 female early-childhood teachers from private facilities. Mental health was measured using the WHO-Wellbeing Index. Presenteeism was attributed to a participant upon indication that, during the past 12 months, she had ever attended work, despite being sick. The data by complex sample design were analyzed through the Rao-Scott $x^2$ test and logistic regression analysis. Results: 37.9% of early childhood teachers reported poor mental health and 34.2% had experienced presenteeism. Early childhood teachers in permanent employment, who did not work evening shifts, and with sustainable jobs, were more likely to have better mental health. Moreover, those in permanent employment and remunerated appropriately were less likely to experience presenteeism. Conclusion: Type of employment, number of days working in the evening, and job sustainability affect mental health. Further, type of employment, number of workers, and being well paid have an effect on presenteeism. We suggest that improved working conditions should precede the improvement of early-childhood teachers' mental health.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.42 no.7
• /
• pp.1019-1026
• /
• 2012

Purpose: To examine geographical imbalances by analyzing new graduate nurses' migration patterns among regions where they grew up, attended nursing school, and had their first employment and to identify factors related to working in non-metropolitan areas. Methods: The sample consisted of 507 new graduates working in hospitals as full-time registered nurses in South Korea. Migration patterns were categorized into 5 patterns based on sequential transitions of "geographic origin-nursing school-hospital." Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with working in non-metropolitan hospitals. Results: Nurses who grew up, graduated, and worked in the same region accounted for the greatest proportion (54%). Sixty-five percent had their first employment in the region where they graduated. Nurses tended to move from poor to rich regions and from non-metropolitan to metropolitan areas. Working in non-metropolitan hospitals was related to older age, the father having completed less than 4 years of college education, non-metropolitan origin, non-capital city school graduation, and a diploma (vs. baccalaureate) degree. Conclusion: Admitting students with rural backgrounds, increasing rural nursing school admission capacities, and providing service-requiring scholarships, particularly for students from low-income families, are recommended to address geographical imbalances.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide a fundamental data for improving nurses' working environment and securing quality of nursing care. Method: It was consisted of analyzing education system and employment status of nursing personnel, and focus group interviews in Cheju Island. Results: Total graduates were 4,139 by 2006 from two nursing schools in Cheju. Difficulties in working conditions from focal group interviews were classified into four categories; Lack of anonymity of nurses, the burden from performing nontraditional nursing roles due to shortage of physicians, irregularity of working schedule and too many night shifts for taking care of female colleague's condition related with pregnancy, and poor support for implementing and developing professional nursing. Conclusion: A survey revealing working condition of nursing personnel of all health care institutions in Cheju Island will provide the comparison between Cheju Island and other areas. It needs to cultivate the public opinion about the importance of quality of nursing care proceeded by the broad support for improving nurses' working environment. It is essential to support continuing education to bring professional nurses and establishing the system to utilize them to overcome the shortage of physicians in Cheju Island.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2001.10a
• /
• pp.179.4-179
• /
• 2001

Most of shoes manufacturing processes are not yet automated, it puts restrictions on increasing of productivity. Among them, adhesive application processes particularly are holding the most workers and working hours. In addition, its working conditions are very poor due to the toxicity of adhesive agents. In case of automating adhesive application processes by using robots, the robot teaching by playback is difficult to produce high productivity because the kinds of shoes to be taught mount up to several thousands. Therefore, it is essential to generate the robot working paths automatically according to the kind, the size, and the right and left of shoes, and also to teach them to the robot automatically ...

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
• /
• v.26 no.4_2
• /
• pp.679-686
• /
• 2023

According to the PSPC (Performance Standard for Protective coatings) rule, the edge preparation must keep 2R or 3-pass grinding. The stiffener plate edge grinding of the ship inside is manually progressed by worker and worked with just one pass grinding. In addition, the poor working condition cause grinding workers to avoid working in them, and the quality is determined by the skill-level of a worker. This research developed optimal tool for edge milling. In order to milling various collar plates edge, this research developed vision system that can recognize the edge points and it developed a program that operator can adjust the amount of cutting and speed, and add various features so that milling quality would be improved. So, this research focused on overcoming the difficulties in working condition and development of automated milling machine for ship stiffener plate.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.28-37
• /
• 1984

The purpose of this study is to propose the baseline data for developing the stress measurement tool for staff nurses working in the hospital. Two hundred and fifteen stan nurses in Seoul National University Hospital were participated during the period from Feb. 28 to Mar. 10, 1984. Though the pretest and literature review a questionnaire was constructed with 63 stressors which were experienced by the nurses in the hospital. Subjects were given instruction to rate 1∼6 likert type scale according to the level of stress experienced by each stressor described. Reliability of the tool was tested by Cronbach's Alpha, and the result was α=0.94871. Factor analysis was applied to organize 63 items together. As the result, 15 factors were obtained and these factors explained 66.3% of variance. The 15 factors were: 1) Work overload 2) Role conflict as a profession 3) Lack of professional knowledge and skill 4) Interpersonal problem 5) Conflict in nurse doctor relationship 6) Work conflict with doctors 7) Emotional burden due to the limitation of medicine 8) Poor treatment 9) Unsatisfactory relationship with supervisor 10) Low reward 11) Unsatisfactory relationship with subordinate 12) Poor physical environment of unit 13）Responsibility for extra affairs 14）Unfamiliar situation 15）Night duty.