• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2013

In this study, a current condition of human feces-collecting and transporting business of local government was investigated using statistical data to efficiently derive proper systematic management plan for human feces-collecting and transporting business. According to the data for human feces-collecting and transporting business from 2006 to 2010, it turned out that the number of people working in this field and the amount of human feces produced and processed were decreased. They were decreased by 292 places, 1,077 employees, $904m^3/day$, and $121m^3/day$, respectively. In addition, the number of human feces-collecting and transporting business has been decreased causing an extra amount of manpower and the number of employees working in the field decreased. In this study, the reasons for financial difficulties of human feces-collecting and transporting business were analyzed. Finally the alternative plans were suggested to replace currently closed business due to management deterioration.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 1998

To obtain basic data for efficient health plan, we investigated the condition of farmers' health, living behavior, working environment, and cumulative fatigue symptoms by crops (greenhouse melon, rice and red pepper, stock farming, pear, grapes, dropwort, sweet potato, potato, radish. cabbage). The results are as follows; (1) The condition of farmers health : Among them, cabbage cultivators were in bad health concerning cardiovascular system, musculo-skeletal system, and skin condition. (2) Living behavior : $\circled1$ Radish cultivators were in best of their physical condition. $\circled2$ Rice and red pepper cultivators were taking a regular recess as compared with dropwort cultivators. $\circled3$ On concerning bathe, sleeping, and clothes, stock farmers were in relatively bad condition. (3) Working environment : cabbage, greenhouse melon, and dropwort cultivators had relatively Poor working environment. (4) Cumulative fatigue symptoms : $\circled1$ Dropwort cultivators were in the worst of their condition concerning loss of their energy, physical condition. decline of will to labor, sense of unease, and low spirits. $\circled2$ On concerning general fatigue, dropwort, sweet potato, and cabbage cultivator were in bad condition.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.169-184
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to find out the 119 rescue and first aid's satisfaction level for their occupations, understand the influential factors of the satisfaction level and also analyze the level of each working districts. Therefore to provide basic information of policy decisions to increase the satisfaction level. Date were collected from 400 national the 119 rescue and first aids by questionnaire and using the tools, which has developed by Slavitt, from August 2 to September 30, 2002. The data were analyzed by percentage, mean t-test and ANOVA. Divided 39 items into 7 provinces to find out the satisfaction level of each province, follow as the influential factors of the satisfaction level. 1. The most of the 119 rescue and first aids were satisfying about their occupations as they got 3.02 marks out of 5, which is the full mark. 2. As the results after analyzed the relation ship between the satisfaction level and the general characteristics of analyzed the relation ship between the satisfaction level and the general characteristics of the 119 rescue and first aids, there were not statistically significant differences of sex distinction, age, scholarship, not married and has or have married, grade and qualification. There were statistically significant differences follow as working period, applying motive, moving, seeking a job, working place, an adviser, work overtime and compensation follow as work overtime. 3. It appeared that all the 119 rescue and first aids were satisfying enough about duty itself but were dissatisfying about working condition. As the results; job itself got 4.00, reciprocal action got 3.74, business demand got 3.28, autonomy got 3.06, organization demand got 2.96, pay got 2.43 and working condition got 1.72, each out of 5 full marks. As you see the results, most of the 119 rescue and first aids are satisfying about a job itself but they are dissatisfying about their working condition. Therefore we should formulate a plan that can increase the satisfaction level by improving duty system for 24 working hours per week.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.272-280
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to determine dental technicians' job satisfaction levels and to assess its influence on turnover intention. Methods: We included 230 dental technicians who work within Seoul, Incheon, Daejeon, the Gyeonggi Province, and the Chungcheongnam-do Province. We carried out a self-reported survey using a structured questionnaire. Results: As a result of assessing the research subjects' job satisfaction level, we found that there was a significant difference in working hours and a dental-work continuing plan sphere (p<0.05). Achievement & self-realization factors, the human relation factor, and growth & development factors were reported to be major job satisfaction indices. The whole average of the job satisfaction level came to 3.11, thereby appearing to be relatively high. In analyzing the research subjects' turnover intention, there was a significant difference in age, task field, dental-work career, working hours, incumbency, and dental-work continuing plan sphere (p<0.05). The question average for turnover intention was 2.88. As a result of assessing a correlation between job satisfaction and turnover intention, a significant negative (-) correlation was found between job satisfaction and turnover intention. Thus, a higher job satisfaction level was observed to lead to a lower turnover intention. Conclusion: As a result of conducting a regression analysis in order to assess the influence of job satisfaction on a turnover intention, a working condition factor, a human relation factor, and a recognition factor each appeared to have a high impact.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.102-107
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• 2022

South Korea will soon be a super-aged society, as more than 20.6% of its population will be 65 years and older by 2025. As of 2022, 17.5% of the total population in South Korea is 65 years and older, which exceeds the set threshold for an aged society, where more than 14% of the population is 65 years and older. The proportion of older subway construction workers has increased. Aging workers and their work stress negatively impact their workability. A previous study demonstrated that the stress index measured using the uBioMacpa measurement device (Macpa stress index) had a significant correlation with work stress in South Korea. The device tests vascular health and measures stress levels via Macpa signal analysis. In this study, the pulse waves of subway construction workers were measured using uBioMacpa to identify their stress levels. The stress levels were analyzed by age, years of service, job position, employment type, and work type. Herein, these statistics could not be easily represented by a normal distribution; therefore, the Kruskal-Wallis test, a nonparametric statistical method, was used for the analysis of data. The results showed that age, job position, employment type, and working type affected the Macpa stress index and the stress levels of workers increased with age. In terms of job position, technical engineers were more stressed than other workers because of their poor working environment. In terms of employment type, daily-wage workers were more stressed than other workers. In terms of working type, tunneling, waterproofing, and construction scored the highest Macpa stress indexes without any significant difference, whereas earthworks scored the lowest. Based on the analysis of Macpa stress index, safety and health management plans were proposed to reduce the stress levels of workers. Moreover, a manual for efficient stress management must be developed for subway construction workers.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.99-106
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the modernity characteristics of the traditional housing in Seoul 1920s to 1930s setting the criterion for analyses based on a Korean architect, Park, Kil-Ryong 'Housing improvement theory' about 'the Housing Plan of the Middle Area in Choseon'. The architect Park, Kil-Ryong expressed 'Housing Improvement Theory' positively founded on having a deep knowledge of traditional architecture. At his early working stage in 1928, he announced 'Housing Improvement Theory' about 'the Housing Plan of the Middle Area in Choseon' from the paper titled 'An Inquiry into the Housing of the Middle Area in Choseon', It is inferred that his paper quite affected the modern changes of traditional housing of those days. As the results of the study, even though the main floored room still keeps the symbolical and central position in traditional housing, the size of that is designed to be smaller than before. The room on the opposite side is generally designed widely as the scope more than 2 'KAN' and shows the features of expansion and division according to functions. By interchanging the location of the kitchen, the inner room as the main living space souths in the front of the house. The kitchen is designed as fitting size and separated from the space of working, linking, setting the table, keeping things and others. The bathroom is built in the house and then connected to the corridor. Each space is effectively planned for the best location in the house as considering lightening and ventilation.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.139-161
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• 2015

The number of Healthy Family Support Centers has increased and the services for enhancement of family strength have extended during the past ten years since the Framework Act on Healthy Families was enacted. It is time to pay attention to the empowerment for Healthy Family Specialist because their capability is directly linked to improve the quality of services, which means the satisfaction of family services and the quality of family policy. In this context, this study investigate organizational experience of Healthy Family Specialists and suggest the empowerment plan to enhance their capability. We conducted in-depth interviews for 9 Healthy Family Specialists who is currently working at Healthy Family Support Centers as a manager status during June 2014. We analyzed organizational experiences through job commitment and job satisfaction and empowerment plans through their strength and weakness. Our findings revealed that job commitment and job satisfaction of Healthy Family Specialist are relatively low due to a poor working condition and a low brand awareness. Also, the capability of Healthy Family Specialists is an important factor to determine their job commitment and job satisfaction, and it can impact on the long service. These results suggest that the payroll system, increment of salary, career recognition, employee benefit, systematic operation, and motivation are needed to improve their job satisfaction. There are various ways to improve professional capability of Healthy Family Specialists besides education program. This study contributes to make the plan of empowerment for Healthy Family Specialists and it also contributes to improve the service quality of family policy.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.301-312
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• 2011

Firefighters and police officers have the third highest prevalence of obesity among 41 male occupational groups in the United States (US). However, few studies have examined the relationship of firefighter working conditions and health behaviors with obesity. This paper presents a theoretical framework describing the relationship between working conditions, health behaviors, and obesity in firefighters. In addition, the paper describes a detailed study plan for exploring the role of occupational and behavioral risk factors in the development of obesity in firefighters enrolled in the Orange County Fire Authority Wellness Fitness Program. The study plan will be described with emphasis on its methodological merits: adopting a participatory action research approach, developing a firefighter-specific work and health questionnaire, conducting both a cross-sectional epidemiological study using the questionnaire and a sub-study to assess the validity of the questionnaire with dietary intake and physical activity measures, and evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the body mass index as an obesity measure in comparison to skinfold-based percent body fat. The study plan based on a theoretical framework can be an essential first step for establishing effective intervention programs for obesity among professional and voluntary firefighters.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.268-277
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• 2014

It is very important to correlate flight plan for safe and prompt ATC(air traffic control) operation. In this paper, we design CWP(controller working position) MRT(multi radar tracking) processing module to achieve improvement of overall ATC automation system's performance by minimizing network traffic overload when correlating MRT with flight plan. This implemented module can guarantee efficiency and safety of ATC automation system by applying distributed correlated manner, and reduce network usage by using encoded flight plan correlated MRT data format. We found that this module has 8.54~12.11% lower network usage and 8.37~11.27% higher network traffic fairness than the module using standalone manner.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.276-283
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• 2013

Coworking space is the ideal concept of small companies, freelancers, startups, and entrepreneurs operating out of a shared office space while working independently of one another. The coworkers share the core values of coworking: collaboration, openness, accessibility, sustainability, and community. Little academic research has been completed on the composition of coworking spaces and the businesses that use them. The purpose of this study is to examine the organization and characteristic of coworking space based on domestic and international cases for providing basic data on the coworking space plan. This study examined existing academic literature, media, online sources to assess the environmental background of worldwide coworking space, the current status, conceptualization, and membership plan that can be appled coworking spaces. The case study for coworking space is limited to the space where there is web site that is showed floor plan. Coworking spaces are designed to be environmentally friendly, offering common area with many facilities to encouraging community and collaboration. For creating ideal coworking space, the concept of coworking space must be recognized as a community space for interaction and creativity between people and space. Based on the result of this study, the appropriate zoning, circulation and specific floor plan of coworking space is needed for the next research.