• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2001

Present-day rules and regulations for the design and construction of ships are almost without exemption of a prescriptive and deterministic nature. Often it is argued that this situation is far from ideal; it does no right to the advances, which have been made during the past decades in engineering tools in marine technology, both in methodology and in computational power. Within IMO this has been realized for some time and has resulted in proposals to use Formal Safety Assessment(FSA) as a tool to improve and to modernize the rule making process. The present paper makes use of elements of the FSA methodology, but instead of working towards generic regulations or requirements, a Risk Assessment Approach, not unlike a 'safety case'; valid for a certain ship or type of ship is worked out. Delft University of Technology investigated the application of safely assessment procedures in ship design, in co-operation with Anthony Veder Shipowners and safety experts from Safely Service Center BV. The ship considered is a semi-pressurized-fully refrigerated LPG carrier. On the basis of the assumption that a major accident occurs, various accident, scenarios were considered and assessed, which would impair the safety of the carrier. In a so-called Risk Matrix, in which accident frequencies versus the consequence of the scenarios are depicted, the calculated risks all appeared lo be in the ALARP('as low as reasonable practicable') region. A number of design alternatives were compared, both on safety merits and cost-effectiveness. The experience gained with this scenario-based approach will be used to establish a set of general requirements for safety assessment techniques in ship design. In the view that assessment results will be most probably presented in a quasi-quantified manner, the requirements are concerned with uniformity of both the safety assessment. These requirements make it possible that valid comparison between various assessment studies can be made. Safety assessment, founded on these requirements, provides a validated and helpful source of data during the coming years, and provides naval architects and engineers with tools experience and data for safety assessment procedures in ship design. However a lot of effort has to be spent in order to make the methods applicable in day-to-day practice.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2019

최근 실내건축 분야의 실무 현장이나 대학의 실내건축 교육은 3차원 스케치 소프트웨어를 활용한 공간계획능력을 필수적으로 요구하고 있지만, 현재 특성화 고등학교에서의 교육은 수작업성 실기수업과 2D CAD 중심으로 구성되어 산업계의 변화에 적절하게 대응하지 못하고 있으며, 학생들의 공간계획 능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 3차원 스케치 소프트웨어 기반 수업 프로그램이 매우 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 이 연구의 목적은 특성화 고등학교 NCS 기반 실내디자인 과목의 '주거공간 계획하기' 단원에서 3차원 스케치 소프트웨어를 활용한 수업 프로그램을 개발하고, 특성화고 수업에 적용하여 학생들의 학업성취도에 미치는 효과를 알아보는 데 있다. 이 연구에서 개발한 3차원 스케치 소프트웨어 기반 수업 프로그램은 PDIE 모형 절차에 따라 준비, 개발, 실행, 평가의 4단계를 거쳐 개발되었으며, 실험설계 모형은 이질집단 사후검사설계를 사용하였다. 실험 처치는 건설 분야 특성화 고등학교 학생들을 대상으로 실시하였고, 총 9차시의 실내디자인 교과 수업에 적용하였다. 실험 처치 후에는 인지적, 정의적, 심동적 영역에 대한 학업성취도 검사를 실시하였으며, 독립표본 t-검정을 통해 개발된 수업 프로그램에 대한 효과를 분석하였다. 이 연구에서 개발된 3차원 스케치 프로그램을 활용한 수업 프로그램은 인지적, 정의적, 심동적 영역 모두에서 기존의 수작업성 실기 수업보다 학생들의 학업성취도를 향상시키는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2012

Due to the development of construction technology, there is a considerable increase in the number of skyscrapers in the world. Accordingly, there are rapid growing requests about maintenance systems such as cleaning, painting, and monitoring the processes of facade in highrise buildings. However, it is extremely dangerous working the walls of high-rise buildings, and crashes from buildings have accounted for large proportion of constructional accidents. An alternative solution must be developed with the commercialization of automatic robot systems. For the last decade, interest in developing robots for cleaning and maintenance in facade of highrise buildings has continuously increased. The use of automatic robot systems can be expected to reduce accidents and decrease labor costs. In this paper, we propose a new kind of cleaning mechanism. We have designed and manufactured various cleaning tools for different types of facades with economic commercialization. The cleaning cycle, size, and intensity will be determined by economic constraints as well. The final goals are to design and manufacture tools and robots that can clean facades efficiently and rapidly even in dangerous places. The cleaning tool systems consist of nozzles, brush rollers, and squeezing devices. Furthermore, these tools and robots perform each process utilizing the systems of built-in guide types and gondola types for building maintenance. The performance of the proposed cleaning tools is evaluated experimentally; however additional study should be necessary for safer and more stable commercialization.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2002

The nineteenth century was a watershed - the extreme point of difference in the style of fashion dress and in the roles men and women played in society. This conviction has its roots in the socioeconomic changes of the 19th century and the industrial revolution, and the new working bourgeoisie' value, fashion and taste were on the rise. The bourgeois, who was not considered as having infallible taste, was looking for its own style, while on the other hand it was competing with the nobility. Therefore bourgeois' own etiquette and taste were appeared. There was ideals which the middle classes were hungry for, and it became the basis of judging an individual. The bourgeois tried to get social approval and used fashion was the mean of it. Bourgeois women fashion has a funtion as a complete symbol of the status, wealth and leisure in a patriachal society. Not only the Bourgeois tried to control themselves and to achieve the virtue of moderation, chastity and obedience by the restrictive costume, but also extravagant and cumbersome dresses has a kind of compensative funtion against a sober and simple men's dress. There was a reformative movement to break out of the legal, economic and social restrictions within the confines of respectable Victorian Society. The process of reform was long and slow for not only did laws be changed but the barriers of prejudice in a society convinced of man s mental and physical superiority had to be overcome. But even though there were many difficulties, a small number of progressive women challenged the social recognition and role of women and decisively refused the restrictive and ostentative fashion. Victorian costume was also criticized in the medical and aesthetic aspect for their impracticality. As a result, more funtional and practical women's clothes has appeared, but it have resulted in a peculiar hybrid of traditional female attire in combination with the more uncomfortable aspects of men's clothes. However it was becoming an essential look for new women who were the equals of men and wanted to be treated as such.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.489-494
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• 2014

Micro forming is an appropriate process to manufacture very small metal parts which can be employed in the field of electronic devices or electrically controlled mechanical systems. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the influences of both blankholding force and blank diameter for the deep drawing of very small cups. It is essential to control the blankholding force because improper force can result in defects such as wrinkles in the flange or cracks in the corner of the drawn cups. In the current study blankholding force was controlled by springs connected to the blankholder of a press die. Exchangeable bushing dies with various die-corner radii were also used. To obtain the limit drawing ratio for each working condition several sizes of circular specimens were prepared using blanking tools. Beryllium copper(C1720) alloy sheet of $50{\mu}m$ thickness was chosen for the experiments. The maximum limit drawing ratio of 2.1 was achieved experimentally for the conditions of the blankholder force(BHF)=5.3kgf and Rd=0.3mm. Both thickness and hardness along the central section of drawn cups were measured and compared for different drawing conditions. It was found that the deviation of measured data in the thickness and hardness distribution increases with increasing blankholder force and blank diameter.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TE
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2005

현대사회에서 소음과 진동은 일상생활뿐 아니라 산업현장에서도 흔히 접하게 되는 환경오염원으로, 이에 대한 관심이 점차 증가하고 있다. 산업현장에서 소음은 중요한 안전요소의 하나이며, 근로자의 청력에 영향을 미칠 뿐 아니라 정신적으로도 많은 영향을 미쳐 최종적으로 업무효율을 떨어뜨리게 되는 중요한 원인이 된다. PCB 산업 현장에서는 제조공정상 필요한 기계들로부터 다양한 소음들이 발생된다. PCB 산업현장의 소음원은 주로 공조기와 제조 기기에서 발생되며, 발생된 소음제어를 위해서는 소음의 전달경로를 막아 소음을 줄이는 방법과 제조기기의 소음을 저감시키는 방법, 수음자에 대한 제어방법 등이 있다. 본 논문에서는 PCB 산업현장에 쉽게 적용할 수 있는 헤드셋(headset)을 이용한 부대역 feedback 능동소음제어(subband feedback active noise control) 방법에 인간의 청각기능을 모델링한 멜 척도를 적용하여 보다 효과적인 소음제어 방법을 제안하였다. 실험결과 멜 척도를 적용하지 않은 부대역 feedback 능동소음제어방법 보다 동일한 구조를 가지면서도 빠른 수렴속도와 향상된 소음제거 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.178-187
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• 2011

This research suggested the hygienic spatial composition of sell-service restaurants applying HACCP(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point System). The circulation of the food, dishes, waste, workers and customers were each fractionated and arranged according to the hygienic sequence of cooking food in kitchen and process for eating food within the customer space. The spaces were separated by the degree of cleanness(clean area, semi-clean area, contaminated area). After that, hygiene facilities to remove contamination and pass facilities intended to control moving were added at the possible points of cross-contamination in oder to prevent the cross-contamination. For hygienic spatial composition of self-service restaurant, the following should be acknowledged: In the kitchen, spaces in which the food is handled after being heated should be located in the clean area. As of the customer space, spaces where dishes are prepared, food and water is received, and the table hall should be located in the clean area. Food circulation should flow from the contaminated area to the clean area. Food, dishes, waste should be moved through pass facilities so that workers do not have to come and go between other areas of cleanness. Also lockers for private clothes and lockers for uniforms should be separated. Hygiene facilities should be easily accessible so that workers can use them whenever they enter their working area. The contaminated area where dirty dishes are dealed with should be separated from the clean area. Waste should be thrown out without crossing cooking areas. As of customer circulation, the hygiene facility for hand washing should be located near the space where dishes for self-service are placed. The customer circulation should lead customers to leave restaurants after giving back the dirty dishes in the contaminated area.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.379-385
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• 2012

본 연구는 최근 들어 급속히 보급이 확산된 스마트폰을 이용하여 이를 치료실과 기공소간의 정보공유체계와 연계 활용하는 방안을 제시하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해 최근 모바일 플랫폼 기반의 개발환경을 소개하고 안드로이드 기반의 환자정보 공유체계의 주요 기능을 정의하여 이를 사용자 인터페이스의 설계를 통해 구현 하였다. 이를 실무에 적용한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 1. 스마트폰 등 현재 이슈가 되고 있는 정보화 기반기술을 치기공계에 적용할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다. 2. 환자의 구강에 대한 영상촬영 시 카메라와 PC를 연결하여 전송하는 프로세스를 개선함으로서 치료 실내의 정보 활용성이 개선되었다. 3. 환자의 구강정보는 촬영 즉시 서버로 전송되므로 영상화일의 오류를 저감할 수 있었다. 4. 임상에서의 보철물 제작 시 스마트폰에 보철물 이미지를 표출한 상태로 작업함으로서 작업의 효율성이 개선되었다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.541-548
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 전기자동차의 보급 확대에 따른 충전 인프라 구축을 위해서 차량의 충전 시 충전상태를 모니터링 할 수 있는 충전 모니터링 시스템의 설계 방법을 제안하였다. 급속충전 기술은 현재 battery의 성능 및 안전성 등 다양한 요인에 따라 동작성능이 좌우되므로 모니터링 시스템에 의한 충전상태 파악은 충전 알고리즘의 개선, 전기자동차 BMS와 연동, 사용자와의 충전 프로세스 제어 등 다양한 작업환경과 연계되어 있다. 급속충전시스템의 동작상태를 CAN 프로토콜을 이용하여 배터리의 충전 상태 등을 실시간으로 감시가 가능한 시스템을 설계 제작하여 전기자동차용 battery를 최단시간에 최적화된 상태로 충전 가능하도록 CAN 통신기반 급속충전 모니터링 시스템을 설계하는 방법을 제안하고 시스템을 구현하여 성능을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.589-601
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• 2014

Natural gas hydrate (NGH) is emerging as a new eco-friendly source of energy to replace fossil fuels in the 21st century. It is well known that the Natural Gas Hydrate contains large amount of natural gas about 170 times as much as its volume and it is easy to be stored and transported safely at about $-20^{\circ}C$ under atmospheric pressure due to so called "self-preservation effect". The option of gas transport by gas hydrate pellets carrier has been investigated and developed in various industry and academy. The natural gas hydrate pellet carrier is on major link in a potential gas hydrate process chain, starting with the extraction of natural gas from the reservoir, followed by the production of hydrate pellets and the transportation to an onshore terminal for further processing or marketing. In recent years, Korean project team supported by Korean Government has been working on the development of NGH total systems including novel NGH carrier since 2011. In order to increase the knowledge on the NGH pellet carrier developed and to understand the major hazards that could have significant impact on the safety of the vessel, this paper presents and evaluates the pros and cons of cargo holds, loading and unloading systems through the analysis of current patent technology. Based on the proven and well-known technologies as well as potential measures to mitigate sintering and minimize mechanical stress on the hydrate pellet in the self-preservation state, this study presents the conceptual and basic design for NGH carrier.