• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2001

Present-day rules and regulations for the design and construction of ships are almost without exemption of a prescriptive and deterministic nature. Often it is argued that this situation is far from ideal; it does no right to the advances, which have been made during the past decades in engineering tools in marine technology, both in methodology and in computational power. Within IMO this has been realized for some time and has resulted in proposals to use Formal Safety Assessment(FSA) as a tool to improve and to modernize the rule making process. The present paper makes use of elements of the FSA methodology, but instead of working towards generic regulations or requirements, a Risk Assessment Approach, not unlike a 'safety case'; valid for a certain ship or type of ship is worked out. Delft University of Technology investigated the application of safely assessment procedures in ship design, in co-operation with Anthony Veder Shipowners and safety experts from Safely Service Center BV. The ship considered is a semi-pressurized-fully refrigerated LPG carrier. On the basis of the assumption that a major accident occurs, various accident, scenarios were considered and assessed, which would impair the safety of the carrier. In a so-called Risk Matrix, in which accident frequencies versus the consequence of the scenarios are depicted, the calculated risks all appeared lo be in the ALARP('as low as reasonable practicable') region. A number of design alternatives were compared, both on safety merits and cost-effectiveness. The experience gained with this scenario-based approach will be used to establish a set of general requirements for safety assessment techniques in ship design. In the view that assessment results will be most probably presented in a quasi-quantified manner, the requirements are concerned with uniformity of both the safety assessment. These requirements make it possible that valid comparison between various assessment studies can be made. Safety assessment, founded on these requirements, provides a validated and helpful source of data during the coming years, and provides naval architects and engineers with tools experience and data for safety assessment procedures in ship design. However a lot of effort has to be spent in order to make the methods applicable in day-to-day practice.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.1-27
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• 2019

In recent years, space planning ability using 3D sketch software is required in the working field of interior design. However, vocational high school do not respond appropriately to changes in the industry, because the class of vocational high school consists of hands-on practical classes and 2D CAD based classes. There is a shortage of 3D sketch software-based instruction programs that can improve students' spatial planning skills. Therefore, this study is to develop instruction program using 3D sketch software for 'Planning for Residential Space' unit of NCS-based on interior design subject and to find out the effect on students' academic achievement by applying to vocational high school class. The 3d sketch software based instructional program developed in this study was developed through four stages of preparation, development, implementation and evaluation according to the PDIE model process. The experimental design model used nonequivalent group posttest-only design in this study. Experiments were conducted on vocational high school students in construction and 9 hours of interior design subjects were applied. After the experiments, students were tested for academic achievement in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor areas. As a result, the instruction program using the 3d sketch program developed in this study was found to be more effective in improving students' academic achievement than existing manual instruction program in both cognitive, affective, and psychomotor areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.56-63
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• 2012

Due to the development of construction technology, there is a considerable increase in the number of skyscrapers in the world. Accordingly, there are rapid growing requests about maintenance systems such as cleaning, painting, and monitoring the processes of facade in highrise buildings. However, it is extremely dangerous working the walls of high-rise buildings, and crashes from buildings have accounted for large proportion of constructional accidents. An alternative solution must be developed with the commercialization of automatic robot systems. For the last decade, interest in developing robots for cleaning and maintenance in facade of highrise buildings has continuously increased. The use of automatic robot systems can be expected to reduce accidents and decrease labor costs. In this paper, we propose a new kind of cleaning mechanism. We have designed and manufactured various cleaning tools for different types of facades with economic commercialization. The cleaning cycle, size, and intensity will be determined by economic constraints as well. The final goals are to design and manufacture tools and robots that can clean facades efficiently and rapidly even in dangerous places. The cleaning tool systems consist of nozzles, brush rollers, and squeezing devices. Furthermore, these tools and robots perform each process utilizing the systems of built-in guide types and gondola types for building maintenance. The performance of the proposed cleaning tools is evaluated experimentally; however additional study should be necessary for safer and more stable commercialization.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.75-87
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• 2002

The nineteenth century was a watershed - the extreme point of difference in the style of fashion dress and in the roles men and women played in society. This conviction has its roots in the socioeconomic changes of the 19th century and the industrial revolution, and the new working bourgeoisie' value, fashion and taste were on the rise. The bourgeois, who was not considered as having infallible taste, was looking for its own style, while on the other hand it was competing with the nobility. Therefore bourgeois' own etiquette and taste were appeared. There was ideals which the middle classes were hungry for, and it became the basis of judging an individual. The bourgeois tried to get social approval and used fashion was the mean of it. Bourgeois women fashion has a funtion as a complete symbol of the status, wealth and leisure in a patriachal society. Not only the Bourgeois tried to control themselves and to achieve the virtue of moderation, chastity and obedience by the restrictive costume, but also extravagant and cumbersome dresses has a kind of compensative funtion against a sober and simple men's dress. There was a reformative movement to break out of the legal, economic and social restrictions within the confines of respectable Victorian Society. The process of reform was long and slow for not only did laws be changed but the barriers of prejudice in a society convinced of man s mental and physical superiority had to be overcome. But even though there were many difficulties, a small number of progressive women challenged the social recognition and role of women and decisively refused the restrictive and ostentative fashion. Victorian costume was also criticized in the medical and aesthetic aspect for their impracticality. As a result, more funtional and practical women's clothes has appeared, but it have resulted in a peculiar hybrid of traditional female attire in combination with the more uncomfortable aspects of men's clothes. However it was becoming an essential look for new women who were the equals of men and wanted to be treated as such.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.489-494
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• 2014

Micro forming is an appropriate process to manufacture very small metal parts which can be employed in the field of electronic devices or electrically controlled mechanical systems. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the influences of both blankholding force and blank diameter for the deep drawing of very small cups. It is essential to control the blankholding force because improper force can result in defects such as wrinkles in the flange or cracks in the corner of the drawn cups. In the current study blankholding force was controlled by springs connected to the blankholder of a press die. Exchangeable bushing dies with various die-corner radii were also used. To obtain the limit drawing ratio for each working condition several sizes of circular specimens were prepared using blanking tools. Beryllium copper(C1720) alloy sheet of $50{\mu}m$ thickness was chosen for the experiments. The maximum limit drawing ratio of 2.1 was achieved experimentally for the conditions of the blankholder force(BHF)=5.3kgf and Rd=0.3mm. Both thickness and hardness along the central section of drawn cups were measured and compared for different drawing conditions. It was found that the deviation of measured data in the thickness and hardness distribution increases with increasing blankholder force and blank diameter.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TE
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.41-46
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• 2005

Acoustic problems in the environment have gained attention due to the noise and vibration contact often in industry as well as life on modem society. Noise is one of safety element in industry, this proves damaging to humans from both a physical and a psychological aspect and so drop working efficiency. Various noises are happened from machines of manufacturing process in PCB industry. This paper present a new approach for subband feedback Active Noise Control (ANC) using Mel scale for headset system in PCB industry. The proposed Mel scale subband algorithm had a performance advantage over the subband algorithm in the noise attenuation and convergence time.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.178-187
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• 2011

This research suggested the hygienic spatial composition of sell-service restaurants applying HACCP(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point System). The circulation of the food, dishes, waste, workers and customers were each fractionated and arranged according to the hygienic sequence of cooking food in kitchen and process for eating food within the customer space. The spaces were separated by the degree of cleanness(clean area, semi-clean area, contaminated area). After that, hygiene facilities to remove contamination and pass facilities intended to control moving were added at the possible points of cross-contamination in oder to prevent the cross-contamination. For hygienic spatial composition of self-service restaurant, the following should be acknowledged: In the kitchen, spaces in which the food is handled after being heated should be located in the clean area. As of the customer space, spaces where dishes are prepared, food and water is received, and the table hall should be located in the clean area. Food circulation should flow from the contaminated area to the clean area. Food, dishes, waste should be moved through pass facilities so that workers do not have to come and go between other areas of cleanness. Also lockers for private clothes and lockers for uniforms should be separated. Hygiene facilities should be easily accessible so that workers can use them whenever they enter their working area. The contaminated area where dirty dishes are dealed with should be separated from the clean area. Waste should be thrown out without crossing cooking areas. As of customer circulation, the hygiene facility for hand washing should be located near the space where dishes for self-service are placed. The customer circulation should lead customers to leave restaurants after giving back the dirty dishes in the contaminated area.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.379-385
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to propose that co-working plan with patient information service system for dental clinic and dental lab using smart phone system which is recently spread to. For this purpose, we introduced latest mobile S/W development environment. And design key features of patient information service system based on mobile platform(Android) by user interface design. In fact, we have applied this system(mobile system) to dental clinic and dental lab, we have following results: 1.There were significant possibility in dental utilization of smart phone based on latest ICT(Information & Communication Technology) technology. 2. Improve conventional method of image upload by connecting digital camera to the server computer using USB port. 3. Reduce error of image management by direct upload to server computer from smart phone. 4. Improve process of making prosthetic appliance by displaying dental image on smart phone in dental lab.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.541-548
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• 2012

On this paper, we proposed a design rule of charger monitoring system which allow us to watch the charging status and verify it for building the electric chargers infrastructure by spread of electric vehicle. Gathering the charging status of battery by proposed system makes us to enhance the charging algorithm, to interface with BMS(Battery Management System) of electric vehicle, to control the charging process with users. Because the technology of rapid charging is dependant upon various factors such as a performance and stability of battery. We proposed the monitoring system of rapid charger based on CAN protocol that can watch a working status of rapid charger including the charging status of battery with real time and can reduce the charging time of battery with optimized status. We also implement it and evaluate its performance.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.589-601
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• 2014

Natural gas hydrate (NGH) is emerging as a new eco-friendly source of energy to replace fossil fuels in the 21st century. It is well known that the Natural Gas Hydrate contains large amount of natural gas about 170 times as much as its volume and it is easy to be stored and transported safely at about $-20^{\circ}C$ under atmospheric pressure due to so called "self-preservation effect". The option of gas transport by gas hydrate pellets carrier has been investigated and developed in various industry and academy. The natural gas hydrate pellet carrier is on major link in a potential gas hydrate process chain, starting with the extraction of natural gas from the reservoir, followed by the production of hydrate pellets and the transportation to an onshore terminal for further processing or marketing. In recent years, Korean project team supported by Korean Government has been working on the development of NGH total systems including novel NGH carrier since 2011. In order to increase the knowledge on the NGH pellet carrier developed and to understand the major hazards that could have significant impact on the safety of the vessel, this paper presents and evaluates the pros and cons of cargo holds, loading and unloading systems through the analysis of current patent technology. Based on the proven and well-known technologies as well as potential measures to mitigate sintering and minimize mechanical stress on the hydrate pellet in the self-preservation state, this study presents the conceptual and basic design for NGH carrier.