• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.247-284
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze firm's motivation of participating and investing in apprenticeship in Germany and Korea, and to investigate institutional factors influencing firm's motivation. By comparing institutional factors of the two countries, it aims to drawing out policy implications for improving Korean apprenticeship. The main method for data collection was comprehensive literature review on international organizations, each countries' government and research institutes' policy materials, statistical data, research outputs and media resources related to each countries' apprenticeship. Considering whether firm's motivation for participating and investing in apprenticeship is production-oriented or investment-oriented, Germany is more inclined to investment motivation with firm's covering net cost during apprenticeship period. On the other hand, Korea is more inclined toward production orientation with firm's expectation of gaining net profit during the training period. Why is firm's training motivation different in these two countries? The author tried to find the reason from the difference of institutional factors of the countries by dividing institutional factors into 4 categories: context(tripartite relations, legal framework), input (flexibility of the system, government incentive), process(training contents, training duration, quality assurance), and output(completion/retention rate, apprentice's productivity). The key implication from the comparative analysis of institutional factors is that it is necessary to enforce companies to have "accountability" on the minimum critical elements, but also to ensure them to have "autonomy" on the rest of the elements.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.847-852
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• 2019

In this study, the effect of additives on the performance of aqueous organic redox flow battery (AORFB) using quinoxaline and ferrocyanide as active materials in alkaline supporting electrolyte is investigated. Quinoxaline shows the lowest redox potential (-0.97 V) in KOH supporting electrolyte, while when quinoxaline and ferrocyanide are used as the target active materials, the cell voltage of this redox combination is 1.3 V. When the single cell tests of AORFBs using 0.1 M active materials in 1 M KCl supporting electrolyte and Nafion 117 membrane are implemented, it does not work properly because of the side reaction of quinoxaline. To reduce or prevent the side reaction of quinoxaline, the two types of additives are considered. They are the potassium sulfate as electrophile additive and potassium iodide as nucleophilie additive. Of them, when the single cell tests of AORFBs using potassium iodide as additive dissolved in quinoxaline solution are performed, the capacity loss rate is reduced to $0.21Ah{\cdot}L^{-1}per\;cycle$ and it is better than that of the single cell test of AORFB operated without additive ($0.29Ah{\cdot}L^{-1}per\;cycle$).

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.593-600
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• 2019

The similarity in tones between speakers can lower the performance of speaker verification. To improve the performance of speaker verification systems, we propose a multi-task learning technique using deep neural network to learn speaker information and age information. Multi-task learning can improve generalization performances, because it helps deep neural networks to prevent hidden layers from overfitting into one task. However, we found in experiments that learning of age information does not work well in the process of learning the deep neural network. In order to improve the learning, we propose a method to dynamically change the objective function weights of speaker identification and age estimation in the learning process. Results show the equal error rate based on RSR2015 evaluation data set, 6.91 % for the speaker verification system without using age information, 6.77 % using age information only, and 4.73 % using age information when weight change technique was applied.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

In this work, the effect of PMR-15 content on the variation of surface free energy of the DGEBA/PMR-15 blend system was investigated in terms of contact angles and mechanical interfacial tests. Based on FT-IR result of the blend system. C=O (1,772, $1,778cm^{-1}$) and C-N ($1,372cm^{-1}$) peaks appeared with imidization of PMR-15 and -OH ($3,500cm^{-1}$) peak showed broadly at 10 phr of PMR-15 by ring-opening of epoxy. Contact angle measurements were performed by using deionized water and diiodomethane as testing liquids. As a result, the surface free energy of the blends gave a maximum value at 10 phr of PMR-15, due to the significant increasing of specific component. The mechanical interfacial properties measured from the critical stress intensity factor ($K_{IC}$) and the critical strain energy release rate ($G_{IC}$) showed a similar behavior with the results of surface energetics. This behavior was probably attributed to The improving of the interfacial adhesion between intermolecules, resulting from increasing the hydrogen bondings of the blends.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.262-272
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• 2003

Maleic anhydride-grafted-polypropylene(PP-g-MA) were used as a blend component and a compatibilizer, respectively, for two reactive blends of polyamide 66(PA 66)PP-g-MA binary blends and PA 66/polypropylene(PP)/PP-g-MA ternary blends. The goal of this work was to investigate the property differences between binary and ternary blends. Tensile strength, flexural modulus, heat deflection temperature, impact strength, melt flow index, and the dependence of melt viscosity on the shear rate were examined. The impact strengths of binary blends were higher than those of ternary blends at all compositions, since the in situ synthesis of PP-g-PA 66 copolymer through the imide formation between the amine end group of PA 66 and the anhydride group of PP-g-MA gave the increase of molecular weight and was more popular in binary blends than in ternary blends. In case of ternary blends, most of the properties were superior to those of binary blends, owing to the better properties of PP compared with PP-g-MA. The toughened binary blends with 70/30(PA 66/PP-g-MA) and 80/20 ratios were not commercially applicable due to their poor processibility. So, the ternary blends which showed lower melt viscosities were recommended for the commercial applications.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.57-65
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• 2010

This paper describes the method of efficient container number recognition in colored container image with number plate at ATC(Automatic Transfer Crane) in container terminal yard. At the Sinseondae terminal gate in Busan, the container number recognition system is installed by "intelligent port-logistics system technology development", that is government research and development project. It is the method that it sets up the tunnel structure inside camera on the gate and it recognizes the container number in order to recognize the export container cargo automatically. However, as the automation equipment is introduced to the container terminal and the unmanned of a task is gradually accomplished, the container number recognition system for the confirmation of the object of work is required at ATC in container terminal yard. Therefore, the container number recognition system fitted for it is necessary for ATC in container terminal yard in which there are many intrusive of the character recognition through image including a sunlight, rain, snow, shadow, and etc. unlike the gate. In this paper, hardware components of the camera, illumination, and sensor lamp were altered and software elements of an algorithm were changed. that is, the difference of the brightness of the surrounding environment, and etc. were regulated for recognize a container number. Through this, a shadow problem, and etc. that it is thickly below hung with the sunlight or the cargo equipment were solved and the recognition time was shortened and the recognition rate was raised.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.7-19
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• 2021

Purpose: The hotel industry needs a leader who can actively demonstrate leadership to respond to and accept changes in the organization in a highly competitive and fast-changing environment. Therefore, the role of leaders who instill clear vision and goals of the organization in their members, listen to their opinions, and empathize is paramount. Leaders should encourage successful organizational activities based on active participation by employees and create the best environment for working with a sense of mission and responsibility. This study aims to identify the relationship between empathy leadership and job engagement as a result variable of team cohesion in the hotel culinary department and conduct empirical studies on the role of empathy leadership and job engagement. Research design, data, and methodology: The data were collected from employees who work in culinary department at a five-star franchise hotel located in the Seoul metropolitan area. Because it is difficult to conduct a survey through face-to-face contact with employees due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the online survey was conducted from February 1 to February 28, 2020. A total of 330 questionnaires through online were distributed and 268 employees completed the survey, yielding a response rate of 81%. Of the 268 returned responses, 27 responses were not usable due to missing information. Thus, a total of 241 responses were used for analysis. Results: The study results are as follows. First, it has been shown that the empathy leadership of culinary department in hotel companies has a significant positive impact on the job engagement. Second, it has been shown that job engagement has a significant positive effect on members' team cohesiveness. Third, empathy leadership of hotel companies' culinary department has a significant positive impact on members' team cohesiveness. Fourth, job engagement has a significant positive (+) mediating effect in the relationship between empathy leadership and team cohesiveness in culinary department. Conclusion: This study supports the theory that an emotional and empathic leader's behavior or ability can change the effectiveness or atmosphere of a rapidly changing hotel culinary team organization by presenting a research model on the effect of empathic leadership on job engagement and team cohesiveness. And hotel chefs should be more aware of the importance of empathic leadership and make them a human resource of the organization through formal and informal communication with culinary employees.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.35-46
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• 2021

Purpose: The hotel industry needs a leader who can actively demonstrate leadership to respond to and accept changes in the organization in a highly competitive and fast-changing environment. Therefore, the role of leaders who instill clear vision and goals of the organization in their members, listen to their opinions, and empathize is paramount. Leaders should encourage successful organizational activities based on active participation by employees and create the best environment for working with a sense of mission and responsibility. This study aims to identify the relationship between empathy leadership and job engagement as a result variable of team cohesion in the hotel culinary department and conduct empirical studies on the role of empathy leadership and job engagement. Research design, data, and methodology: The data were collected from employees who work in culinary department at a five-star franchise hotel located in the Seoul metropolitan area. Because it is difficult to conduct a survey through face-to-face contact with employees due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the online survey was conducted from February 1 to February 28, 2020. A total of 330 questionnaires through online were distributed and 268 employees completed the survey, yielding a response rate of 81%. Of the 268 returned responses, 27 responses were not usable due to missing information. Thus, a total of 241 responses were used for analysis. Results: The study results are as follows. First, it has been shown that the empathy leadership of culinary department in hotel companies has a significant positive impact on the job engagement. Second, it has been shown that job engagement has a significant positive effect on members' team cohesiveness. Third, empathy leadership of hotel companies' culinary department has a significant positive impact on members' team cohesiveness. Fourth, job engagement has a significant positive (+) mediating effect in the relationship between empathy leadership and team cohesiveness in culinary department. Conclusion: This study supports the theory that an emotional and empathic leader's behavior or ability can change the effectiveness or atmosphere of a rapidly changing hotel culinary team organization by presenting a research model on the effect of empathic leadership on job engagement and team cohesiveness. And hotel chefs should be more aware of the importance of empathic leadership and make them a human resource of the organization through formal and informal communication with culinary employees.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.23-30
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• 2021

This study is a study on the satisfaction of the living conditions of the residents of Chungcheongnam-do, and the analysis data was based on the results of the Chungcheongnam-do social survey conducted in 2020 by Statistics Korea. The results of the analysis on the satisfaction of the living conditions of the residents of Chungnam Province are summarized as follows. The level of satisfaction with the quality of life of the living environment, which is a personal characteristic, was 5.92 out of 10 for the degree of satisfaction with one's life, and 6.28 out of 10 for the overall value of the work one is doing. The overall life satisfaction of the region (city and gun) was analyzed as 5.81 out of 10, indicating that the satisfaction of Chungnam residents was more than average. In addition, satisfaction with the residential housing environment was analyzed with the highest frequency and ratio of 43.5%, with 226 people being slightly satisfied. Satisfaction with facility use was also slightly higher in 231 people, showing 44.5% response rate, and slightly higher in women than in men. This study is meaningful in that it provides basic data such as policy implications for improving the quality of life by grasping the social interests related to the quality of life and the subjective consciousness of the people of Chungnam.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.9-14
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• 2021

This paper discovers the energy loss factors through the insulation diagnosis of houses or buildings, and proposes directions for energy efficiency improvement. The energy efficiency factor of a building consists of insulation diagnosis, thermal bridge diagnosis, window diagnosis, airtight diagnosis, and equipment diagnosis. Among the residents and facilities in the energy welfare blind spot, an energy efficiency diagnosis was conducted for one senior citizen building located in Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, and energy efficiency diagnosis was conducted after insulation was installed. Energy measurement, diagnosis and analysis were performed using the IoT-based integrated wired/wireless energy diagnosis platform, Energy Finder. As a result of comparison, an overall energy saving rate of 16.38% was achieved. Annual heating energy consumption per unit area decreased from 333.51kWh before construction to 277.35kWh after construction, and annual cooling energy consumption per unit area decreased from 5.51kWh before construction to 5.22kWh after construction. The annual primary energy consumption per unit area decreased from 464.52kWh before construction to 403.69kWh after construction, and the annual energy cost was reduced from 3,063,307.14 won before construction to 2,641,072.49 won after construction. The additional improvement work is needed on the standards affecting energy efficiency other than insulation.