• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.125-150
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• 2022

Technology companies launched their intelligent personal assistants (IPAs). IPAs not only provide individuals with a convenient way to interact with technology but also offer them the opportunity to interact with AI in a useful and meaningful form. Therefore, the global IPAs have experienced tremendous growth over the past decade. But maintaining continuous usage intention is still a massive challenge for developers and marketers and previous technology adoption models are not enough to explain continuous usage intention of IPAs. Thus, we adopted the bi-dimensional perspectives of utilitarian and hedonic value in this research model, and investigated how three characteristics of IPAs - anthropomorphism, autonomy, and intelligence - affect utilitarian value and hedonic value, which in turn continuous usage intentions. 227 data were collected from IPA users. The results showed that IPAs' continuous usage intention is significantly determined by both utilitarian and hedonic value, with the hedonic value being more prominent. In addition, the results showed that anthropomorphism and intelligence are the most important antecedents of utilitarian and hedonistic value. The results also illustrated that autonomy is a crucial predictor of utilitarian value rather than hedonistic value. Our work contributes to current research by widening the theoretical understanding of the effect of IPA characteristics on continuous usage intention through bi-dimensional values. Our paper also provides IPAs' developer and marketer guidelines for enhancing continuous usage intention.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2018

This study's aim was to investigate their opinions to improve the educational system for dental hygienists on the basis of their duties as dental hygienists. The qualitative study was conducted among 19 dental hygienists at Daejeon, Korea from July to August 2016. Two researchers followed each subject for working hours in a day and recorded all the tasks and time to take for each task. After one day, the researchers met each subject and conducted face-to-face interviews to investigate the opinions about the dental hygiene curriculum and national board examination. The main duties recognized by more than half of the subjects were oral disease prevention including scaling and dental treatment assistance. The subjects' minority opinion about the main duties included radiography, impression taking, dental implant surgery assistance, orthodontic treatment, patient counseling, dental management and staff management, and oral health education. The most important tasks perceived by the subjects were prosthetic and implant impressions, scaling and implant surgery assistance. The subjects' minority opinion about the most important duties included patient counseling and making temporary crowns. The most difficult tasks answered by the subjects were prosthetic and implant impressions and dental implant surgery assistance. The subjects' minority opinion about it included patient counseling, scaling, and making temporary crowns. They mentioned that their curriculum in college was different from the actual work and the national board examination was not reflective of their real duties. We found out Korean dental hygienists had a lot of roles as dental assistants, dental business managers, and so on. We suggest that the law, curriculum and national board examination for dental hygienists should be revised to be able to reflect the reality of the clinical field.

• Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research
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• v.95 no.5
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• pp.233-239
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• 2018

Purpose: In Korea, the working-hour limitation regulation has been implemented in December 2017. We aimed to define the difference in operative experience of surgical residents before and after implementing this policy in 2 hospitals among 8 affiliated hospitals of the Catholic Medical Center where implemented the 80 working-hour limitation policy since March 2015. Methods: All the operation records were reviewed, and the number of resident-participated surgeries between March and August in 2002 and 2017 were compared. Operations performed or participated in by residents as first assistants were defined as resident participated surgery. Results: After 2 years from the initiation of the resident work-hour limitations, the number of resident participated surgery has slightly decreased in both hospitals (Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital [YSM]: 317 to 302, St. Paul Hospital [SPH]: 635 to 461). For each resident, changes were like followings: $0{\rightarrow}21$ cases for R1, $65{\rightarrow}72$ cases for R2, $83{\rightarrow}192$ cases for R3, and $169{\rightarrow}17$ cases for R4 in YSM. In SPH, number of resident participating surgery was changed like followings: $4{\rightarrow}32$ cases for R1, $222{\rightarrow}100$ cases for R2, $317{\rightarrow}300$ cases for R3, and $92{\rightarrow}29$ cases for R4. In both hospital, while, total number of resident participating oncologic surgery has been decreased, number of resident participating appendectomy has been far increased. Activity of each grade resident is different according to hospital. Conclusion: Although total number of resident participating surgery decreased, variable changes were observed in each grade of resident according to each type of surgery and different hospitals. It is believed that comparisons of experiences from more hospitals in the future would be helpful in establishing the guidelines for surgical experience requirement of residents in Korea.

• The Journal of Korean-Japanese National Studies
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• no.33
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• pp.67-111
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• 2017

This article aims to shed light on the wartime labor mobilization of prisoners on a large scale in/across colonial Korea and beyond during the late wartime period. More specifically, this article reveals the logic and mode of mobilization, and sorts out nationwide mobilization cases in colonial Korea. To this end, this article draws on documents and magazines published by the criminal administration of the Japanese Government-General of Korea, as well as the memoirs of prisoners and prison staff including prison administrators and prison chaplains. With the onset of the wartime system, the labor work in prisons centered on the production of military supplies. In 1943, the labor mobilization began to organize the National Protection Corps and dispatch them to remote workplaces. For example, at the requests of the military, prisoners were selected and sent to Hainan Island, while others were sent to military factories and mining fields in the northern part of the country. The authorities specified and adjusted the criteria for imprisonment based on education, physical strength, and other physical and mental conditions. Unconverted ideological offenders were excluded from the mobilization, and instead put under separate control. In preparation for mobilization, the prisoners trained in military drills, received Japanese language education, and underwent assimilation as imperial subjects through the preaching in prison. In order to induce prisoners to volunteer, a legislation system based on the shortening of the prison terms, including the parole system, was also promoted under the wartime system. As a result, prisoners were forced to work harder and faster even under the lowest of wages, poor food and poor housing conditions, and they also filled vacancies in managerial positions by serving as supervisory assistants. The reward system for them, however, did not function properly towards the end of the war, and the number of escapes and infectious outbreaks, as well as mortality rates rapidly increased under the harsh conditions.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.31-45
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• 2008

Purpose: The purposes of this study were: (a) to identify role definition, tasks, and duties of the nurses who work in outpatient department (OPD), (b) to do Development a Curriculum(DACUM) chart, and (c) to compare duties and tasks among nurses, nurse's assistants, and doctors. Method: The DACUM committee was organized with 10 nurses who worked in OPD. The committee derived the duties and tasks of OPD nurses from what they had done at workplace. Validity of the derived duties and tasks was tested by 23 nurses at 15 university hospitals. Results: Eleven kinds of duties were identified: preparation for outpatient's medical examination; support for outpatient's medical examination; management of outpatients; outpatient education; outpatient counseling; special examination of outpatient; OPD administration; management of OPD supplies; management of facilities and environments of OPD; management of OPD personnel, and self-improvement. Ninety-two tasks were classified. Conclusion: The abilities for education and emergency care of OPD nurses should be empowered. The results of this study would not only contribute to the effective OPD nursing care, but also be useful as basic data in hospital management.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.131-141
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was to investigate the nationwide operational status of the professional medical support staffs (PMSS) who practice the expanded roles in the hospital setting. Methods: The data were obtained through survey from 36 hospitals with over 500 beds from 25th May to 12th July 2016. Data from 1,666 PMSS were analyzed. Results: Since the job titles varied, we classified them into 5 groups according to their roles; advanced practice nurse, clinical nurse expert, PA (physician assistant), coordinator, and others. There were differences in the operation status of PMSSs depending on the region, nurse staffing grade and number of hospital beds. Qualification criteria varied from hospital to hospital, and almost half of the hospitals didn't have any qualification standards for them. There were differences in age, educational level, clinical careers, rewards, and job satisfaction in 5 groups. Especially PA group had low salary, poorer working conditions, more difficulties in performing their work, and lower job satisfaction than other groups. Most PMSS (99.5%) were using a delegated prescription authority, however only 68.3% had job description and 19.9% had documented delegated role. Conclusion: Adequate training curriculum, documented delegated roles, and the protocols for legal protection and efficient medical services are needed.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.129-136
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• 2009

This paper is on the analysis of the present situation in carrying out homework assignments of the students in the college of Science and Technology, Hongik University. Our survey confirmed that the purpose of the assignments was not satisfactorily achieved, because only a few students solve the problems by their own efforts and most of the other students just copied their peers' work. The reason for this problem was analysed based on the result of questionnaire for the professors and students. Possible solutions for the problem is proposed, such as providing sufficient number of teaching assistants and changing instruction strategy, reflecting the significance of homework assignments in the learning process. As one of the probable solutions, a team-based assignment is proposed, and expected and observed positive results were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.940-951
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• 2014

This study was to investigate of nursing activities performed by nursing staffs in long-term care hospitals. A survey of was conducted with 131 nurses who were working in 15 geriatric hospitals using a structural questionnaire. Data were collected from March 7 to June 30, 2013 and analyzed with SPSS 17.0, using descriptive statistics and t-test, ANOVA. This survey confirmed that the 88 activities except to 'making nursing diagnosis', 'setting nursing goals', and 'writting patient evaluation checklist' had been practiced in a wide range of nurses with nurse assistants. The degree of performance by nurse assistant was significantly different among nurses group according to the total number of patient and number of nurse(p<.001). Therefore, it is necessary to establish the legal and institutional regulation and development of algorithm for delegation, classify the impossible nursing task and work that can be delegated long-term care hospital.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.255-260
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• 2022

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demonstrated the importance of implementing strategic management that prioritizes the safety of frontline nurse professionals. In this sense, this research was aimed at identifying factors associated with the illness of nursing professionals caused by COVID-19 according to socio-demographic, clinical, and labor variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three Brazilian university hospitals with 859 nursing professionals, which include nurses, technicians, and nursing assistants, between November 2020 and February 2021. We present data using absolute and relative frequency. We used Chi-square test for hypothesis testing and multiple logistic regression for predictive analysis and chances of occurrence. Results: The rate of nursing professionals affected by COVID-19 was 41.8%, and the factors associated with contamination were the number of people in the same household with COVID-19 and obesity. Being a nurse was a protective factor when the entire nursing team was considered. The model is significant, and its variables represent 56.61% of the occurrence of COVID-19 in nursing professionals. Conclusion: Obesity and living in the same household as other people affected by COVID-19 increases the risk of contamination by this new coronavirus.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.221-235
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• 2023

Purpose : Delegating authority to employees exerts a positive effect on the efficient operation and service of a company. In particular, investigating how the delegation of authority granted to social workers, who have a greater workload compared with those of other occupations, influences job satisfaction and commitment to the organization is meaningful. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of the empowerment of social workers on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Methods : Toward this end, surveys were distributed to social workers employed at social welfare facilities in Daegu metropolitan city. Prior to the study, the researcher visited the institutions in which the social workers were working, explained the content in person, and conducted the self-administered survey accompanied by two research assistants who received prior training. Out of the 233 collected responses, those with unreliable responses and missing data were excluded, which left a sample of 224 for analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results : First, social workers who were older, had higher positions, and with longer years of service exhibited higher levels of empowerment in terms of differences in empowerment according to general characteristics. Second, for job satisfaction and organizational commitment according to general characteristics, the longer the period of employment, the higher the level of job satisfaction. Third, empowerment exerted an effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and a positive correlation was found. Conclusion : The empowerment of social workers exerted a positive effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Therefore, to improve service quality and the efficient operation of social welfare organizations in this practice, improving the empowerment of social workers is necessary by providing appropriate treatments, improving working environments, and providing appropriate discretion and decision-making authorities that are considered necessary for work performance.