• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2005

The study was conducted to determine whether oak wood vinegar extract influences blood alcohol concentration and hangover syndrome in healthy volunteers. 2% wood vinegar extract was effective to inhibit increase of blood alcohol concentration after alcohol intake and showed significantly different (P<0.1) compared to placebo. By result of questionnaire of volunteers, wood vinegar extract showed effects improving hangover syndrome. In comparative study about blood alcohol concentration and hangover syndrome of wood vinegar extract and other extract that hangover improvement effect was reported, average maximum blood alcohol concentration was lowered in those taking wood vinegar extract than those taking other extract. At drinking completion 210minutes (T210), blood alcohol concentration of those taking wood vinegar extract was the lowest by 0.063% compared with other extract but was not significantly different between in those taking wood vinegar extract and in those taking other extract. However, wood vinegar extract's experimental group was the highest by 0.462 in decrement rate of blood alcohol concentration and, when did P<0.1 by significance level, indicated difference that mean statistically compared to placebo group uniquely. At those taking wood vinegar extract, the improvement rate and the aggravation rate of hangover syndrome was each 87%, 2%. Thus it was concluded that wood vinegar extract showed excellent alcohol oxidation and was effective in hangover improvement.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2008

Effects of wood vinegar on the activity of various insecticides were determined by measuring the mortality of two species of rice planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens and Laodelphax striatellus. Wood vinegar itself did not show insecticidal activity on planthoppers. When the planthoppers were treated with wood vinegar mixed with one of insecticides such as BPMC, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, carbosulfan or insect growth regulators, the planthopper mortality induced by carbosulfan was greatly increased by the wood vinegar in comparison with a single carbosulfan treatment. Wood vinegar showed no effect on other insecticides. In addition, the wood vinegar-carbosulfan mixture significantly reduced AChE activity of planthoppers, which is a target molecule of carbosulfan. This result suggests that wood vinegar has a synergistic effect on the insecticidal activity of carbosulfan. Our study provides information on a potential role of wood vinegar in facilitation of activity of specific insecticides.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2003

유기ㆍ자연농업 등 환경친화적 농업을 수행하는 농가에서 많이 사용하고 있는 목초액의 화학성과 작물생육에 대한 반응을 검토하여 유기ㆍ자연농업자재의 효율적인 이용방안에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 목초액의 화학성을 조사한 결과 비료적 가치는 크지 않았다. 특히 농가에서는 일반적으로 사용되는 500∼1000배 목초액은 별도의 비료자원을 사용하지 않고 전적으로 목초액에 의존할 경우 정상적인 작물생육에 요구되는 양분을 충족시키기는 근본적으로 어려울 것으로 사료된다. 목초액 농도를 달리한 조건에서 토마토 유묘의 생육 및 양분 흡수형태를 조사한 결과 500배 희석까지 목초액처리 농도가 높을수록 뿌리 생육량은 증가하였으나 지상부 생육은 억제되었다. 또한, 뿌리와 경엽 중의 양분흡수는 음이온인 질산태 질소와 인산 흡수량이 현저히 감소하는 반면에 양이온인 K, Ca, Mg, Na의 흡수량은 증가하였다. P-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid 및 acetic acid를 농도를 달리하여 처리하고 토마토 유묘를 재배한 결과 뿌리의 생육은 chlorogenic acid 또는 ferulic acid 처리로 증가되었고, ferulic acid의 경우 저농도인 10-4M에서는 지상부 및 지하부의 생육이 모두 양호하였다. 따라서 목초액을 시용할 때 도장이 억제되고 건전한 작물생육이 유지된다고 주장하는 것은 목초액 시용에 따른 작물의 지하부 생육향상에 기인한 것으로 판단되었다. 페놀물질간의 상승작용 및 길항작용에 따라 작물생육에 대한 효과는 다를 수 있으므로 다양한 종류의 페놀물질이 포함된 목초액을 작물재배에 사용할 경우 효과발현 정도는 상이할 것으로 사료된다. 한편, 목초액은 사용방법 측면에서 경엽처리 보다는 토양관주 방법으로 영농에 이용하면 작물의 근활력 증진 및 작물생육을 조절할 수 있는 대체농자재로서 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.351-355
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• 2002

목초액의 아질산염 소거, 전자공여작용 및 대두유에 농도별(0.5, 1 및 5%)로 첨가하여 항산화성을 조사하였다. 아질산염 소거 효과는 모든 농도에서 pH가 증가하면서 감소하는 경향을 보였고, pH 1.2의 경우 100 ${\mu}\ell$/mL의 농도에서 80%이상의 높은 활성을 보였다. 전자공여작용은 50 ${\mu}\ell$/mL의 농도에서 약 80%의 효과를 나타내었다. 목초액을 첨가하지 않은 대두유를 control로 사용하였고, 0.1% BHT를 첨가한 대두유는 비교군으로 사용하여 5$0^{\circ}C$에서 10일간 저장하면서 실험을 하였다. 과산화물가는 목초액 1%와 5% 첨가군이 control과 BHT 첨가군보다 낮게 나타났으며, TBA가는 5% 목초액에서 가장 낮았고, 1% 목초액, 0.1% BHT 및 0.5% 목초액 첨가군 순으로 나타났다. 산가는 5% 목초액 첨가군이 가장 낮았고, 0.1% BHT, 1% 및 0.5% 목초액의 순으로 낮게 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2009

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the feeding value of wood vinegar in weanling pigs. In Experiment 1, weanling pigs (n = 224; Landrace ${\times}$Yorkshire ${\times}$Duroc, 21${\pm}$3 d-old, initial BW 6.12${\pm}$0.10 kg) were assigned to four dietary treatments. Different levels of wood vinegar were added to the diets as dietary treatments (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%). Each treatment comprised 4 replicates with 14 piglets in each. Experimental feeding was conducted for 28 d in two phases (phase I, d 0 to 14 and phase II, d 15 to 28). Feeding of wood vinegar linearly (p<0.05) improved the phase I, phase II and overall ADG and increased (linear, p<0.05) the overall and phase II ADFI. Linear improvements in the apparent fecal digestibility of dry matter (p = 0.013), gross energy (p = 0.019) and crude protein (p = 0.033) were observed as the level of wood vinegar was increased in the diet of pigs. Experiment 2 was conducted to compare dietary wood vinegar with commonly used growth promoters, organic acid (mixture of 21% phosphoric acid, 3.25% propionic acid, 2.8% formic acid, 10% calcium formate and 5% calcium propionate) and antibiotic (aparamycin). A total of 288 weanling piglets (Landrace ${\times}$Yorkshire ${\times}$Duroc, 22${\pm}$2 d-old, initial BW 6.62${\pm}$0.31 kg) were assigned to four treatments with four replicates (18 piglets/pen) for 28 days and fed in 2 phases: phase I, d 0 to 14 and phase II, d 15 to 28. The dietary treatments were control (corn-soybean meal basal diet without antibiotics) and diets containing 0.2% antibiotic, 0.2% organic acid and 0.2% wood vinegar. Pigs fed antibiotic showed higher (p<0.001) ADG and better feed efficiency followed by pigs fed wood vinegar and organic acid diets while those fed the control diet had lowest ADG and poorest feed efficiency. The overall and phase I ADFI was highest (p<0.001) in pigs fed wood vinegar and lowest in pigs fed the control diet. Apparent fecal digestibility of dry matter, gross energy and crude protein was significantly higher (p<0.05) in pigs fed the antibiotic diet when compared with pigs fed the control but comparable among pigs fed antibiotic, organic acid and wood vinegar diets. Higher populations of Lactobacillus (p = 0.004) were noted in the ileum of pigs fed the wood vinegar diet, while the population of coliforms in the ileum and cecum was higher (p<0.001) in pigs fed the control diet when compared with pigs fed antibiotic, organic acid or wood vinegar diets. These results indicated that wood vinegar could improve the performance of weanling pigs by improving the nutrient digestibility and reducing harmful intestinal coliforms; moreover performance of pigs fed wood vinegar was superior to those fed organic acid.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2022

The termicidal activity and chemical components of wood vinegar from two sources of biomass, nipah fruit shells (NFS) and a mixture of shells and fiber (MSF), were evaluated against Coptotermes curvignathus. A no-choice test was carried out to evaluate their termicidal activity using filter paper samples treated with 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, and 12.5% NFS or MSF vinegar. Both wood vinegars exhibited antitermitic activity against C. curvignathus. The results show that increased concentrations of NFS and MSF vinegar significantly increased termite mortality. In particular, the NFS vinegar caused complete mortality and the lowest filter paper mass losses at 2.18% when treated with 12.5% wood vinegar. The most abundant chemical compounds of NFS vinegar were cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride, 2,5-dichlorophenol, 2-propanone, acetic acid, propanoic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenal, and trans-geraniol. Meanwhile, the main compounds in the MSF vinegar were 1,2-ethanediol, formic acid, acetic acid, ethanoic acid, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, phenol, 2-methoxy phenol, and 4-methyl phenol.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2022

Biochar can be obtained by using various types of biomass under an oxygen-limited condition. Biochar can be utilized for various applications such as soil improvement, waste management, growth promotion, and adsorption. Wood vinegar is produced by the process of pyrolysis wood biomass and is used as a growth promoter, for soil improvement, and as a feed additive. When wood vinegar is treated on soil, it acts to control soil pH, improve nutrient availability, and alleviate N₂O and NH₃ volatilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biochar and wood vinegar on the growth of perilla and soil quality. The experiment was conducted by using a Wagner pot (1·5,000 a^-1) in a glass greenhouse. The biochar was produced by pyrolysis at 450℃ for 30 minutes using rice husk and rice straw. Wood vinegar was diluted to 1 : 500 (v·v^-1) and used in this experiement. In the results of a cultivation experiment, co-application of biochar and wood vinegar enhanced the growth of perilla. In particular, rice husk biochar affected the leaves of the perilla, and rice straw biochar influenced the stems of the perilla. In addition, soil quality after treatment with biochar and wood vinegar applied together was highest compared to other units. Therefore, it is anticipated that co-application of biochar and wood vinegar will be more productive and improve soil quality compared to individual utilization of biochar and wood vinegar.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.41-44
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of wood vinegar on growth and resistance of peppers. It was observed that heights and dried weights of the peppers treated with diluted wood vinegar were increased, especially 1:500 diluted wood vinegar was the most effective. The Wood vinegar also showed antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria directly. The growth of X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria was completely inhibited when incubated for 12 hours at $30^{\circ}C$ with non diluted wood vinegar. The peppers applied wood vinegar did not show induced systemic resistance after injecting X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2020

Termiticidal and fungicidal activities of wood vinegar from Cinnamomum parthenoxylon (CP) stem wood have been evaluated against Coptotermes curvignathus and wood rotting fungi (Schizophyllum commune and Fomitopsis palustris). The utilized CP wood vinegar was produced in the operating temperature range 250-300℃ pyrolysis. A no-choice test was applied for evaluating termiticidal activity with 33 active termites and antifungal activity using the agar media assay. The result showed that an increase in the concentrations of CP wood vinegar significantly raised the mortality of termite. CP wood vinegar showed high termiticidal activity, organic acids (acetic acid 42.91%, 3-butenoic acid 6.89%, butanoic acid, 2-propenyl ester 2.26%), and ketones (1-hydroxy-2-propanone 5.14%, 3-methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione 2.34%) might be largely contributed to termiticidal activity in addition to other minor components. Furthermore, CP wood vinegar exhibited significant inhibition of fungal growth. These data showed that CP wood vinegar was more toxic to white-rot fungi (S. commune) than brown-rot (F. palustris). The results suggested that phenolic compounds from lignin degradation were responsible for good antifungal activity.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.283-294
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• 2023

Chemical characterization of vinegars obtained from Durian wood (Durio sp.) and their termicidal activity against Coptotermes curvignathus and antifungal activity against Schizophyllum commune were evaluated. The process of pyrolysis produced wood vinegars at three distinct temperature: 350℃, 400℃, and 450℃. To determine their effectiveness against fungal growth, the vinegars were tested using a Petri dish with 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 4.0% (v/v) against S. commune. In the experiment, termicidal activities were evaluated using a no-choice test for C. curvignathus with 3.0%, 6.0%, 9.0%, and 12.0% (v/v). The wood vinegar exhibited antitermitic activity to C. curvignathus workers in the no-choice experiment; For vinegar produced at 450℃, a 6% concentration was required to achieve 100% mortality against C. curvignathus. In addition, a 12% vinegar produced at 450℃ resulted in the lowest mass loss of treated filter paper, which was 20.00%. Furthermore, all the wood vinegars exhibited antifungal activities against S. commune at concentration of 2.0%. The dominant chemical components of wood vinegar produced at temperature of 350℃, 400℃, and 450℃ were 2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 3.5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxytoluene, and creosol.