• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.132-132
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• 2007

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.85-100
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• 2023

Objectives: To evaluate stress patterns and coping abilities in women with infertility by conducting in-depth interviews. Methods: Ten women with infertility who visited the Korean Medicine Hospital and provided consent after being informed of the purpose and method of the study were selected after meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria. They were requested to complete a preliminary questionnaire developed by the researchers, the Infertility Stress Scale, and the Korean version of the Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI). Subsequently, each participant was interviewed individually. Results: The preliminary questionnaire was used to evaluate sensitivity to each type of infertility-related stress and ability to express and resolve it. Among all infertility stress types, the largest proportion, accounting for an average of 47.5±26.95%, was that felt by the patient herself. Considering stress awareness intensity, the stress felt by the patient was the highest, with an average score of 4.30±0.64. Relative stress sensitivity due to infertility was the highest, with an average score of 3.90±0.94. Compared with general work stress, the average ability to relieve stress related to problems with spouses was the highest, with a score of 2.50±1.20. The average Infertility Stress Scale score was 2.88±1.35 and FPI score was 2.87±2.52. Conclusions: The highest stress scores were observed for the following items: meaning of children, need for parenthood, and stress due to the diagnosis of infertility. The lowest stress scores were allocated to the item concerning relationships with friends and co-workers. Based on the in-depth interviews conducted after the survey, stress in women with infertility may be classified as emotional, physical, and economic. Thus, the requirement for providing appropriate psychological and emotional support depending on the stress type in addition to general medical treatment for infertility treatment was confirmed.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.82-82
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• 2001

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.222-227
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• 2011

Objective: To evaluate the ability of serum anti-M$\ddot{u}$llerian hormone (AMH), FSH, and age to clinically predict ovarian response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in IVF patients with endometriosis. Methods: We evaluated 91 COH cycles, including 43 cycles with endometriosis (group I) and 48 cycles with male factor infertility (group II) from January to December, 2010. Patients were classified into study groups based on their surgical history of endometriosis-group Ia (without surgical history, n=16), group Ib (with a surgical history, n=27). Results: The mean age was not significantly different between group I and group II. However, AMH and FSH were significantly different between group I and group II ($1.9{\pm}1.9$ ng/mL vs. $4.1{\pm}2.9$ ng/mL, $p$ <0.01; $13.1{\pm}7.2$ mIU/mL vs. $8.6{\pm}3.3$ mIU/mL, $p$ <0.01). Furthermore, the number of retrieved oocytes and the number of matured oocytes were significantly lower in group I than in group II. In group II, AMH and FSH as well as age were significant predictors of retrieved oocytes on univariate analysis. Only the serum AMH level was a significant predictor of poor ovarian response in women with endometriosis. Conclusion: Serum AMH may be a better predictor of the ovarian response of COH in patients with endometriosis than basal FSH or age. AMH level can be considered a useful clinical predictor of poor ovarian response in endometriosis patients.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2018

Objective: To evaluate the pregnancy rate and time to pregnancy after timed coitus with or without superovulation in infertile young women younger than 35 years old with low serum $anti-M{\ddot{u}}llerian$ hormone (AMH) levels ( < 25th percentile). Methods: A total of 202 patients younger than 35 years old were recruited retrospectively between 2010 and 2012. Ninety-eight women had normal serum AMH levels (25-75th percentile), 75 women had low serum AMH levels (5th ${\leq}$ & < 25th percentile) and 29 women had very low serum AMH levels ( < 5th percentile), according to reference values for their age group. Results: The clinical pregnancy rate was positively associated with AMH levels, but this trend did not reach statistical significance (43.9% vs. 41.3% vs. 27.6% in the normal, low, and very low AMH groups, respectively). The time to pregnancy was longer in the very low AMH group than in the normal AMH group ($13.1{\pm}10.9months$ vs. $6.9{\pm}6.1months$, p= 0.030). The cumulative live birth rate over 18 months was lower in the very low AMH group than in the normal AMH group, with marginal significance (20.0% vs. 55.9%, p= 0.051). The duration of infertility was negatively correlated with achieving pregnancy (odds ratio, 0.953; 95% confidence interval, 0.914-0.994; p= 0.026). Conclusion: Conservative management, such as timed coitus with or without superovulation, should be considered in young patients who have low ovarian reserve without any infertility factors. However, for women with a long duration of infertility or very low serum AMH levels, active infertility treatment should be considered.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.143-143
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• 2007

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2017

Objective: Growing evidence suggests that increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is associated with female infertility caused by conditions such as polycystic ovarian disease, obesity, thyroid dysfunction, and endometriosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether any relationship exists between CVD and unexplained infertility. Methods: Sixty-five women with unexplained infertility and 65 fertile controls were enrolled in the study. CVD risk markers such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), insulin resistance (defined by the homeostasis model assessment ratio), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were assessed. Results: TG, TC, LDL, and hs-CRP levels were higher and HDL levels were lower in patients with unexplained infertility than in fertile controls (p<0.05 for all). Positive associations were found between unexplained infertility and TG, TC, LDL, and hs-CRP levels, and a negative correlation was found for HDL (p<0.05 for all). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TG, HDL, and hs-CRP were independent variables associated with unexplained infertility. Conclusion: Our study showed that women with unexplained infertility had an atherogenic lipid profile and elevated hs-CRP levels, suggesting a higher risk of developing CVD in the future. Further studies with larger groups are needed to investigate the nature of this link.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.15-21
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the characteristics of pulse diagnosis in infertile women. Methods : We have studied 38 women infertility patients in the Dunsan oriental hospital by using pulse diagnostic device. Pulsation and pulse types have been analyzed with variables of infertility factors. Statistical analysis was performed by adopting descriptive and inferential tests. Results : Both right and left chi parts were shown different from other parts. In small intestine and gall bladder showed significantly different pulsation according to the infertility factor. Short pulse, fine pulse, skipping pulse, shallow pulse and deep pulse were often representative pulse types for the main organs of woman infertility. In Triple energizers showed significantly different shallow pulse type according to the infertility factor. Conclusion : The results corresponded closely with previous literature on pulse diagnosis about infertile women.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.233-237
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• 1998

We demonstrated that the normal pregnancy and delivery by round spermatid injection (ROSI) into oocytes was achieved from nonobstructive azoospermia patient. In this case, the normal fertilization rate was 50%. All of the two pronuclear stage embryos cleaved and were transferred to the patient's uterus. A singleton pregnancy was achieved and resulted in the birth of normal female infant. This resuJt show that intracytoplasraic injection of round spermatid seems to be new treatment of nonobstmctive azoospermia male infertility. Further research is needed to evaluate the required culture conditions to induce progression of the round spermatid into a more elongated stage.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 1993

Micromanipulation procedures have been used to improve fertilization rates in patients with male factor or with unexplained infertility. Partial zona disseetion(PZD), a method using mechanical force to open the zona pellucida increase the chances of fertilization. The purpose of this study is to increase rates of fertilization and pregnacy in the ART program by using PZD. The influence of PZD on the fertilization rate was investigated in 57 couples with semen defects, antisperm antibodies(ASA), or unknown factors. PZD directly performed in 35 couples with a history of fertilization failure in previous cycle (Group 1), and PZD applied in 22 couples with the failure of initial fertilization in the same cycle (Group 2). The fertilization rates of the male facor, ASA positive factor and unknown factor in Group 1 were 37.6%, 20.0% and 59.2%, respectively. The rates of fertilization of male factor, ASA positive factor and unknown factor in Group 2 were 34.8%, 20.0% and 26.5%, respectively. The incidences of polyspermy in Group 1 and Group 2 were 5.9% and 9.0%, respectively. Among 35 patients of Group 1, one patient was pregnant and successfully delivered, whereas 1 of 22 patients of Group 2 became pregnant, but aborted at 7 weeks.