• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.480-497
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• 2012

As a new business concept, machine-to-machine (M2M) communications are born from original telemetry technology with the intrinsic features of automatic data transmissions and measurement from remote sources typically by cable or radio. M2M includes a number of technologies that need to be combined in a compatible manner to enable its deployment over a broad market of consumer electronics. In order to provide better understanding for this emerging concept, the correlations among M2M, wireless sensor networks, cyber-physical systems (CPS), and internet of things are first analyzed in this paper. Then, the basic M2M architecture is introduced and the key elements of the architecture are presented. Furthermore, the progress of global M2M standardization is reviewed, and some representative applications (i.e., smart home, smart grid and health care) are given to show that the M2M technologies are gradually utilized to benefit people's life. Finally, a novel M2M system integrating intelligent road with unmanned vehicle is proposed in the form of CPS, and an example of cyber-transportation systems for improving road safety and efficiency are introduced.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.668-678
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• 2007

The development of a wire and wireless communication technologies might permit easily accessing on various information. But, the easiness of accessing information has basically the problem of an unintended information outflow. An executable file which has key algorithms, data and resources for itself has very weak point in the security. Because the various information such as algorithms, data and resources is included in an executable file on embedded systems or virtual machines, the information outflow problem may appear more seriously. In this paper, we propose a technique which can be protecting the executable file contents for resolving the outflow problem through the encryption. Experimentally, we applied the proposed technique to EVM-the virtual machine for embedded system and verified it. Also, we tried a benchmark test for the proposed technique and obtained reasonable performance overhead.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.448-452
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• 2007

Many industrial operations require continuous or nearly-continuous operation of machines, which if interrupted can result in significant financial loss. The condition monitoring of these machines has received considerable attention recent years. Rapid developments in semiconductor, computing, and communication with a remote site have led to a new generation of sensor called "smart" sensors which are capable of wireless communication with a remote site. The purpose of this research is the development of smart sensor using which can on-line perform condition monitoring. This system is addressed to detect conditions that may lead to equipment failure when it is running. Moreover it will reduce condition monitoring expense using low cost MEMS accelerometer. This sensor can receive data in real-time or periodic time from MEMS accelerometer. Furthermore, this system is capable for signal preprocessing task (High Pass Filter, Low Pass Filter and Gain Amplifier) and analog to digital converter (A/D) which is controlled by CPU. A/D converter that converts 10bit digital data is used. This sensor communicates with a remote site PC using TCP/IP protocols. Wireless LAN contain IEEE 802.11i-PSK or WPA (PSK, TKIP) encryption. Developed sensor executes performance tests for data acquisition accuracy estimations.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.117-124
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• 2010

Recently, according to development of wired and wireless networks, contents production of user-defined changes a environment producing contents that it get out of manufactured contents offered by mobile telecommunication company. This paper propose a system proposing and registering a contents service provider of mobile telecommunication company for user-defined mobile contents production and transmission. We propose a system using web hosting service for user-defined mobile contents production and solution for system and transmission for contents production of a person and enterprises.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.259-264
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• 2022

In wireless sensor networks, sensor nodes are often deployed in large numbers in places that are difficult for humans to access. However, the energy of the sensor node is limited. Therefore, one of the most important considerations when designing routing protocols in wireless sensor networks is minimizing the energy consumption of each sensor node. When the energy of a wireless sensor node is exhausted, the node can no longer be used. Various protocols are being designed to minimize energy consumption and maintain long-term network life. Therefore, we proposed KOCED, an optimal cluster K-means algorithm that considers the distances between cluster centers, nodes, and residual energies. I would like to perform a performance evaluation on the KOCED protocol. This is a study for energy efficiency and validation. The purpose of this study is to present performance evaluation factors by comparing the K-means algorithm and the K-medoids algorithm, one of the recently introduced machine learning techniques, with the KOCED protocol.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.683-688
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• 2011

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is well known for an enabling technology for the ubiquitous environment such as real-time surveillance system, habitat monitoring, home automation and healthcare applications. However, the WSN featuring wireless communication through air, a resource constraints device and irregular network topology, is threatened by malicious nodes such as eavesdropping, forgery, illegal modification or denial of services. For this reason, security in the WSN is key factor for utilizing the sensor network into the commercial way. There is a series of symmetric cryptography proposed by laboratory or industry for a long time. Among of them, recently proposed HUMMINGBIRD algorithm, motivated by the design of the well-known Enigma machine, is much more suitable to resource constrained devices, including smart card, sensor node and RFID tags in terms of computational complexity and block size. It also provides resistance to the most common attacks such as linear and differential cryptanalysis. In this paper, we implements ultra-lightweight cryptography, HUMMINGBIRD algorithm into the resource constrained device, sensor node as a perfectly customized design of sensor node.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.20-27
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• 2005

In this paper, m(mobile)-commerce system based on LBS is implemented. WIPI(Wireless Internet Platform for Interoperability) that supports COD as a mobile VM(Virtual Machine) is used. These experimental results show that the system we proposed could be very efficient for CRM(Customer Relationship Management) and target management. And also, server load and connection time is improved by this system. From now on mobile commerce system based on LBS can be usable at various areas in ubiquitous environment.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.523-529
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• 2009

Smart sensor is known as intelligent sensor, it is different with other conventional sensors in the case of intelligent system embedded on it. Smart sensor has many benefits e.g. low-cost in usage, self-decision and self-diagnosis abilities. This sensor consists of perception element(sensing element), signal processing and technology of communication. In this work, a bridge and structure of smart sensor has been investigated to be capable to condition monitoring routine. This investigation involves low power consumption, software programming, fast data acquisition ability, and authoritativeness warranty. Moreover, this work also develops smart sensor to be capable to perform high sampling rate, high resolution of ADC, high memory capacity, and good communication for data transfer. The result shows that the developed smart sensor is promising to be applied to various industrial fields.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07d
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• pp.1821-1823
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• 2006

This paper presents a development of interface device for electro-oculogram(EOG) signal and it's application to the wireless mouse of wearable PC. The interface device is composed of five bio-electrodes for detecting oculomotor motion, several band-pass filters, instrumentation amplifier and a microprocessor. we have first analyzed impedance characteristics between skin and a bio-electrode. since the impedance highly depends on human face, it's magnitude differs from person. this interface device was applied to develop a wireless mouse for wearable PC, as a Bio Machine Interface(BMI). Where in the prompt on PC monitor is controlled by only EOG signals. this system was implemented in a Head Mount Display(HMD) unit. experimental results show the accuracy of above 90%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.906-907
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• 2014

금형이나 부품절삭가공 등에 사용하고 있는 공작기계(밀링, 선반)는 Gcode라는 좌표값에 따라 공작기계를 동작시킨다. 공작기계가 많을 경우에는 휴대용 데이터 캐리어(data carrier) 이용하여 각각의 공작기계에 Gcode 데이터를 다운로딩 하고 있다. 현재에는 이러한 불편함을 해소하기 위하여 고가의 최신기술을 도입한 UTP, Wi-Fi, USB, CF 등을 기반으로 Gcode 데이터를 전송하는 시스템을 개발하고 있지만, 과거에 구입한 구형장비의 경우에는 RS-232를 사용하고 있어 데이터 전송이 불편함이 있다. 본 논문에서는 ATmega128을 활용하여 WGTE(Wireless Gcode Transfer Equipment)를 개발하여 시중에 상용화 되고 있는 고가의 장비를 대신할 수 있는 블루투스(bluetooth) 기반의 WGTE를 개발하고자 한다.