• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.5902-5909
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose a new method to detect abrupt and gradual shot transitions of video data by using certainty factors. The abrupt transitions denotes cuts and the gradual transitions fade in, fade out, dissolve, horizontal wipes, vertical wipes, Barn Doors, and Iris Rounds. The suggested method first extracts representative features for each shot transition and determines corresponding shot transitions by integrating all the extracted features and inferring adequate transitions. To verify the performance of the proposed shot transition method, experimental results show that the suggested method can detect shot transitions more accurately than existing methods.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.41-49
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• 2012

This paper proposes a detection method of wipes including horizontal wipes with linear moving borders, such as horizontal or vertical wipes, Barn Doors, and Iris Rounds with circular moving borders. The suggested method first obtains a difference image between two adjacent frames, and extracts lines and circles by applying Hough transformation to the extracted difference image. Then, we detect wipe transitions by employing an evaluation function that analyzes the number of moving trajectories of lines or circles, their moving direction and magnitude. To evaluate the performance of the suggested algorithm, experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively detect wipe transitions with linear and circular moving borders rather than some existing methods.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.69-74
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficiency of bacteria removal of three different types of hand washing methods. This study performed a convenient sampling of 30 volunteers in cross-over design. The study divided the 30 volunteers into three random groups. The three groups were asked to use antiseptic soap, alcohol-based hand disinfectant, and disposable wet wipes respectively. The result of the study showed that mean log reduction values after each had washing method were $-0.45({\pm}0.69)$ with antiseptic soap and water, $-1.19({\pm}0.52)$ with alcohol-based hand disinfectant and $-0.75({\pm}0.58)$ with disposable wet wipes. The difference was statistically significant when using alcohol-based hand disinfectant compared to the other two methods (p=0.000). According to this study, alcohol-based hand disinfectant was the most effective product based on bacteria removal for hand washing. Advantages of using alcohol-based hand disinfectant are that it is cost-effective and easy to buy, also eco-friendly. Therefore, to prevent infectious disease, providing alcohol-based hand disinfectant to every corner of the community will be very helpful.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.201-209
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• 2000

Recent works regarding video shot change detection algorithms show that abrupt shot changes are detected fairly well. However, gradual shot changes including wipes and dissolves are often missed or falsely detected. A robust shot change detection system, therefore, must include a shot verification step to further enhance the overall system performance. In this paper, we introduce the concept of the visual rhythm which is a single image, a subsampled version of a full video. On the visual rhythm, the different video edit effects such as cuts, wipes and dissolves manifest themselves as different patterns. Using this characteristic, it becomes possible, without sequentially playing the entire video, to find false positive shots as well as undetected shots. Thus, inclusion of the visual rhythm in the shot boundary verification process will aid the operator to exclude falsely detected shots as well as to find undetected shots fast and efficiently. For this purpose we have developed a new tool, a shot verifier incorporating the visual rhythm. The usefulness of the visual rhythm during the shot verification process will be presented.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.837-842
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• 2010

The wiper system of a vehicle is important because it wipes the windshield, thereby enabling drivers to see through the windshield even under conditions of rain and snow. The blade is the key component of the wiper system because it wipes the windshield. When wiper-arm spring causes the blade to be pressed on the windshield optimum performance of wiping can be achieved when appropriate contact pressure is maintained. In this study, a dynamic analysis of the wiper system is carried out. A three-dimensional finite-element model of the wiper system is generated using SAMCEF, a commercial structural dynamic analysis program. The distribution of the contact pressure of the blade in its dynamic state is calculated. The simulation result is compared to the experiment result. Using the results of this study, the contact pressure of the blade can be estimated.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.115-126
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• 2008

Purpose : The research which sees width for a wide gain and loss is about brush qualitative management of the child about dental hygiene of the child is investigated the brush qualitative actual condition. Methods : The data which is collected used SPSS(Statistical Package for the Social Science) WIN 11.5 programs and analyzed, a frequency and a percentage with analytical technique, in order to grasp the general quality of the investigation object person produced to examine is about the brush quality control actual condition of the children opinion t-test (verification) frequency analyses and $x^2$(Chi-square) verifications, executed. Result : The followings are the findings of this research. First, the children about the reason which wipes this 83.4% the thing protection dental caries answer back, followed in grade and considers the difference which was visible(p<0.001). Second, wipes whether to experience is educated answer back 83.0% was educated, followed in sex and considers the difference which was visible(p<0.05). Third, when 1 time is brush quality of the children doing, in grade and the time when becomes disturbance was, most between 2~3 minutes followed considers the difference which was visible(p<0.01). Fourth, when 1 time is brush quality of the children doing, in grade and the time when becomes disturbance was, most between 2~3 minutes followed considers the difference which was visible(p<0.01). Fifth, when 1 time is brush quality of the children doing, in grade and the time when becomes disturbance was, most between 2~3 minutes followed considers the difference which was visible(p<0.05, p<.001). Sixth, Use duration of the toothbrush the child of most was 3~6 months, according to grade and sex was visible the difference which considers. Conclusion : Are oral healthily of the children is the knowledge which relates with a brush quality and practical degree important. Therefore this there must be dental health education program development will be able to improve, means must reflect the dental health education at the time of.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.1057-1060
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• 1999

For efficient storage and retrieval of large video data sets, automatic video scene change detection is a necessary tool. Video scene changes fall into two categories, namely fast and gradual scene changes. The gradual scene change effects include, dissolves, wipes, fades, etc. Although currently existing algorithms are able to detect fast scene changes quite accurately, the detection of gradual scene changes continue to remain a difficult problem. In this paper, among various gradual scene changes, we focus on dissolves. The algorithm uses a subset of the entire video, namely the sequence of DC images, for improvement of detection velocity

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Skin sanitizers are effective in killing or removing pathogenic microbial contaminants from the skin of food handlers, and the progressive growth of consumer interest in personal hygiene tends to drive product diversification. This review covers the advances in the application of efficacy tests for hand sanitizers to suggest future perspectives to establish an assessment system that is optimized to each product type (gel, liquid, and wipes). Previous research on the in vivo simulative test of actual consumer use has adopted diverse experimental conditions regardless of the product type. This highlights the importance of establishing optimal test protocols specialized for the compositional characteristics of sanitizers through the comparative analysis of test methods. Although the operational conditions of the mechanical actions associated with wiping can affect the efficacy of the removal and/or the inactivation of target microorganisms from the skin's surface, currently there is a lack of standardized use patterns for the exposure of hand sanitizing wipes to skin. Thus, major determinants affecting the results from each step of the overall assessment procedures [pre-treatment - exposure of sanitizers - microbial recovery] should be identified to modify current protocols and develop novel test methods. The ex vivo test, designed to overcome the limited reproducibility of in vivo human trials, is also expected to replicate the environment for the contact of sanitizers targeting skin microorganisms. Recent progress in the area of skin microbiome research revealed distinct microbial characteristics and distribution patterns after the application of sanitizers on hands to establish the test methods with the perspectives on the antimicrobial effects at the community level. The future perspectives presented in this study on the improvement of efficacy test methods for hand sanitizers can also contribute to public health and food safety through the commercialization of effective sanitizer products.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.381-387
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• 2002

In this study, we introduced experience participated in ELPAT (Environmental Lead for Proficiency Analytical Testing) program that is administered by the American Industrial Hygiene Association and EPA. The 126 sample results of total 128 samples met reference value, as a result accepted 'proficient'. The concentration of Pb in air, paint chips, soils and dust wipes are $0.0089{\sim}0.3956mg/m^3$, 0.0500~8.9149%, 29.0${\sim}$1697 mg/kg and $18.00{\sim}900.3{\mu}g/sample$, respectively. The lead in environmental matrix prepared adequate techniques and analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The lead in air was extracted hydrochloric acid, in paint chips and soils were digested with microwave and hotplate and in dust wipes were prepared microwave digestion. No differences of each preparation techniques was found and all methods were to be proper.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.147-153
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• 2015

Wet-tissue has been used for baby wipe, cleansing pads, industrial wipes, pain relief, personal hygiene, pet care, and healthcare at home, care facilities, restaurant, and hospital. Raw materials of wet-tissue are mainly natural fibers and synthetic fibers such as cotton, rayon, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and so on. In this study, electrolytic water of NaCl solution was used as fluid in wet-tissue, and the effect of raw materials on antibacterial rate of wet-tissue was investigated. Rayon (100%) showed an excellent antibacterial rate compared with cotton (100%) and rayon:PET (50:50). Antibacterial rate increased as Cl concentration of electrolytic water increased. Absorption of rayon:PET (50:50) was uneven and antibacterial rate of wet-tissue slightly increased by increase of Cl concentration. Antibacterial rate of wet-tissue was 100% under the conditions of more than 1.5 mL of electrolytic water dosage, and dropped under 50% after storage period of 48 hours.