• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2012

This study aims to analyze characteristics of Cell surface temperature and generated power performance for improving PV(Photovoltaic) system condition according to the cell opening ratio of transparent crystal PV system at Spandrel of curtain-wall. For this purpose, alternatives were classified for eight different cases that opening ratio of transparent crystal PV system varied from 0% to 70%, which was used by simulation tool, EnergyPlus. As results, it turned out that increasing opening ratio of transparent crystal PV system led higher PV surface temperature, back-sheet type was thus the most advantageous for decreasing surface temperature, annual generating efficiency, and annual accumulated generating power. Consequently, blocking off air space from outside insolation can advantageously keep to be better condition for generated power performance.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.40-47
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• 1999

A numerical study on gaseous explosion was carried out to predict the transient pressure behavior with the partial rupture in confined vessels. Equations, assumptions and solutions for central ignition of premixed gases in closed spherical vessels are proposed with various equivalence ratios of gas fuel, as $CH_4$ and $C_3H_8$, vent areas and vent opening pressures. Given vent opening pressure in a vessel, the magnitude of second peak pressure results from the vent areas and burning velocity, varied by equivalence ratio of gas fuel. In a living room of an apartment, the higher second peak pressure than the vent pressure is not appeared due to its large window areas. As vent opening pressure is higher, the larger damage by gaseous explosion is expected and the larger vent area is necessary for relieving the damage. In the same concentration, the gaseous explosion by propane rather than methane shows the larger damage due to its higher adiabatic flame temperature and equivalence ratio.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.232-238
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• 2018

가동성 조직은 총의치의 안정성을 감소시키므로, 최종의치의 제작 전에 조직의 상태를 개선시킨 후 적합하게 수정된 인상 방법을 사용하여야 하며, 적절한 중심위를 채득해야 한다. 본 증례는 상악의 가동성 조직과 하악 치조제의 심한 흡수를 보이는 67세의 무치악 여자 환자로, 고딕 아치 기록을 이용하여 치료용 의치를 제작한 뒤 조직조정을 시행하였다. 최종의치는 window opening 인상채득법과 고딕 아치 기록, 그리고 설측 교두 교합을 이용하여 제작하였고, 심미적 및 기능적으로 만족스러운 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2008

The Korean traditional architecture has developed by adapting to the natural environment, and has successfully created a comfortable indoor settings by using the surrounding natural resources. This is reflected in the building layout, space design and even materials. Our traditional wooden windows adjusting ambient temperature and humidity have both the functions of window and door, although they are clearly divided in the West. The opening and closing method of our traditional windows is similar and their dimensions are shown not to be standardized but diverse in terms of the characteristic of wooden furniture and that of components placed between columns. Thus this study aims to research the sound insulation and absorption performance of traditional windows to be varied with thickness, finishing method of window paper and thickness of air layer. Despite increase of the thickness of window paper, sound absorption was reduced, and the same result was shown when both sides of the structure were finished with thick window paper. The sound insulation performance of the windows could be evaluated to be inappropriate with $R_w$ 0 ~ $R_w$ 14.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.61-65
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• 2013

Modified atmosphere (MA) of reduced $O_2$ and elevated $CO_2$ concentrations has been used for keeping the quality of fresh produce and extending the shelf life. As a way to attain the beneficial MA package around the produce, a gas diffusion tube or perforation can be attached onto the container and controlled on real time in its opening/closing responding to $O_2$ and $CO_2$ concentrations measured by gas sensors. The timely-controlled opening of the gas diffusion tube can work in harmony with the produce respiration and help to create the desired MA. By use of the mathematical modeling, the effect of tube dimension on the controlled container atmosphere was figured out in this study. Spinach and king oyster mushroom were used as typical commodities for designing the model container system (0.35 and 0.9 kg in 13 L, respectively) because of their respiration characteristics and the optimal MA condition ($O_2$ 7~10%/$CO_2$ 5~10% for spinach; $O_2$ 2~5%/$CO_2$ 10~15% for mushroom). With a control logic for the gas composition to stay as close as possible to optimum MA window without invading injurious low $O_2$ and/or high $CO_2$ concentrations, the atmosphere of the sensor-controlled container could stay at its lower $O_2$ boundary or upper $CO_2$ limit under certain tube dimensional conditions. There were found to be the ranges of the tube diameter and length allowing the beneficial MA. The desired range of the tube dimension for spinach consisted of combinations of larger diameter and shorter length in the window of 0.3~2 cm diameter and 0.2~10 cm length. Similarly, that for king oyster mushroom was combinations of larger diameter and shorter length in the window of 0.9~2 cm diameter and 0.2~3 cm in length. Clear picture on generally affordable tube dimension range may be formulated by further study on a wide variety of commodity and pack conditions.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2013

Dielectrophoresis(DEP) is useful in manipulation and separation of micro-sized particles including biological samples such as bacteria, blood cells, and cancer cells in a micro-fluidic device. Especially, those separation and manipulation techniques using DEP in combination of micro fabrication technique have been researched more and more. Recently, it is revealed that a window structure of insulating layer in microfluidic DEP chip is key role in trap of micro-particles around the window structure. However, the trap phenomenon-driven by DEP force gradient did not fully understand and is still illusive. In this study, we characterize the trap mechanism and efficiency with different shapes of window in a microfluidic DEP chip. To do this characterization, we fabricated 4 different windows shapes such as rhombus, circle, squares, and hexagon inside a micro-fluidic chip, and performed micro-sized particles manipulation experiments as varying the frequency and voltage of AC signal. Moreover, the numerical simulation with the same parameters that were used in the experiment was also performed in order to compare the simulation results and the experimental results. Those comparison shows that both results are closely matched. This study may be helpful in design and development of microfluidic DEP chip for trapping micro-scaled biological particle.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2004

There is something valuable in Korean traditional architecture that does not change even after more than a number of years. Each design element of traditional houses has its own role to embody natural, healthy, and environment-friendly architectural planning. With traditional already-built examples located in the northern area of Gyeongbuk province, this study attempts to untangle some of the daylighting control issues in opening design. By looking at more than just photometric materials, at some threshold level, the whole of daylighting control characteristics of their openings is being surveyed from the viewpoint of geometric relationship between their roof structures and windows. As a glazing material, in addition, Korean traditional window covering paper, Changhoji, is evaluated for its transmittal performance under artificial and real skies as well.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2-4
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• 2014

The preferred dimensions of the test opening for a window are $1250mm{\times}1500mm$ according to ISO 10140-1:2010. But tests done at actual size generally because not standardized for windows. In this study, we know the sound insulation characteristics by the size of windows using the single windows and double windows, consider the more effective performance evaluation method.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2018년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.8-9
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• 2018

In recent years, the fire risk in the aged housing facilities in high-rise building has been closing up due to the fire in the Grenfell Tower. In the case of these high-rise residential facilities, fire cases of residential facilities such as Uijeongbu Apartment Fire The fire hazard has been reexamined mainly. Especially, the fire of these residential facilities is very closely related to the window, so measures are needed. On the other hand, in Korea, there is almost no fire safety measures against these openings. Therefore, this study suggests improvement measures by comparison with advanced countries based on fire safety measures for domestic windows.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2008

상 하악 견치는 기능적 관점에서 뿐 아니라 심미적 관점에서도 매우 중요한 치아이다. 그러나 불행히도 견치의 매복은 종종 관찰되며 여러 임상적인 문제점을 유발한다. 상악 견치의 매복이 하악 견치보다 빈번하며, 주로 구개측에 매복되는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 하악의 경우 견치의 매복이 상악보다 드물게 나타나며, 특히 정중선을 지나 전위 매복되는 경우는 매우 드물다. 대부분의 환자에서 증상이 없어 방사선 사진으로 발견되는 경우가 많은데 그 원인은 불분명하고 다양하다. 매복 견치의 치료는 장애물의 존재 여부와 매복 위치와 방향, 맹출 가능한 공간의 유무, 치근의 형성 단계에 따라 맹출 장애 요인을 제거한 후의 주기적인 관찰 및 외과적 노출과 교정적 견인, 치아이식, 외과적 발치 등의 방법으로 이루어진다. 상악 우측 견치의 매복을 주소로 내원한 환아에서는 외과적 노출과 교정적 견인을 시행하였고, 하악 양측 견치의 매복을 주소로 내원한 환아의 경우 견치가 정중선을 지나 전위 매복되어 있어 교정적 견인이 어렵다고 판단되어 자가이식을 시행하였다.